Observational Analysis of Lateral Preference in Kumite Initiation: A Starting Point in the Longitudinal Programming of Formative Karate

2021 ◽  
pp. 003151252110391
Author(s):  
Vanessa Sastre ◽  
Daniel Lapresa ◽  
Javier Arana ◽  
Rafael Ibáñez ◽  
M. Teresa Anguera
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Generalizability Theory ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Segment ◽  
Lateral Preference ◽  
Data Registration ◽  
Observation Instrument ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Right ◽  
High Level

We used observational methodology to analyze lateral conditioning in the technical-tactical performance of high level 8–9-year-old karatekas, specifically in relation to the guard action that supports the technical action and the body segment with which it is performed. We designed an ad hoc observation instrument to analyze lateral preference in the technical-tactical actions that take place during the kumite. We relied on LINCE software for data registration, and we found good inter-observer reliability, calculated with Cohen's Kappa coefficient. Generalizability Theory supported the homogeneity of the behavior deployed by these combatants. Our results represent a starting point in the longitudinal programming of karate. By relating our results and those of other studies that have addressed lateral performance in formative karate in the kumite modality, we are able to draw a roadmap of a karateka's path towards the equilaterality that is inherent in an elite competitor: (a) the 8-9 year old karateka must overcome a conditioned lateral prevalence by adopting a forward non-dominant leg guard so as to then attack with the dominant body segment; (b) the eqilateral use of the right or left fist must occur later, between the 12–13 year age group and the senior category; and (c) there will then be less decisive lateral conditioning in the execution of offensive leg techniques.

scholarly journals The use of Polar Coordinates in the analysis of motor interaction in football according to the result.

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rómulo Díaz Díaz ◽  
Juan Manuel García Manso ◽  
Teresa Valverde Esteve ◽  
Enrique Arriaza Ardiles ◽  
Eduardo José Ramos Verde
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Polar Coordinates ◽  
Favorable Result ◽  
Observation Instrument ◽  
Football Team ◽  
Dual Character ◽  
The Right ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

The interactions of a Spanish football team of the Second A (10 official games) are analyzed, evaluating possible behavioral patterns that appear in a regular way in high level football. Observational methodology was used, by Polar Coordinates Analysis, to discover and evaluate the relationships generated between a considered focal behavior and the different conditioned categories, describing behavioral masses among the players. The matches were observed and recorded with an ad hoc observation instrument. The relations of dual character between the players taken as (focal behaviors) right midfielder and forward and the other players (conditioned conducts) were analyzed. The results show differences in the relationship established based on the outcome of the match. Matches that end with a favorable result, the right midfielder takes center stage, as a node of intermediation between the right centre back, left center back, left midfielder, and second striker. In these, the forward is clear receiver in the actions of completion. With the result of the unfavorable match, the connection networks change, generating a network of reciprocal interaction wider and different between the aforementioned player, right midfielder and the rest of the components, with special relation in the players that occupy the right back, left back, right centre back, right winger, left winger, second striker and forward. In these games the striker acquires a role of greater collaboration in the creation in offensive phases, participating as a node in the game network with intermediation functions. The interactions of a Spanish football team of the Second A (10 official games) are analyzed, evaluating possible behavioral patterns that appear in a regular way in high level football. Observational methodology was used, by Polar Coordinates Analysis, to discover and evaluate the relationships generated between a considered focal behavior and the different conditioned categories, describing behavioral masses among the players. The matches were observed and recorded with an ad hoc observation instrument. The relations of dual character between the players taken as (focal behaviors) right midfielder and forward and the other players (conditioned conducts) were analyzed. The results show differences in the relationship established based on the outcome of the match. Matches that end with a favorable result, the right midfielder takes center stage, as a node of intermediation between the right centre back, left center back, left midfielder, and second striker. In these, the forward is clear receiver in the actions of completion. With the result of the unfavorable match, the connection networks change, generating a network of reciprocal interaction wider and different between the aforementioned player, right midfielder and the rest of the components, with special relation in the players that occupy the right back, left back, right centre back, right winger, left winger, second striker and forward. In these games the striker acquires a role of greater collaboration in the creation in offensive phases, participating as a node in the game network with intermediation functions.

Body Segment Contributions to Javelin Throwing during Final Thrust Phases

1994 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mero Antti ◽  
Paavo V. Komi ◽  
Tapio Korjus ◽  
Enrique Navarro ◽  
Robert J. Gregor
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Segment ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Body Center ◽  
Joint Center ◽  
The Right ◽  
Release Speed

This study investigated body segment contributions to javelin throwing during the last thrust phases. A 3-D analysis was performed on male and female javelin throwers during the finals of the 1992 Olympic Games in Barcelona. The subjects were videotaped from the right sight of the throwing area by two NAC high-speed cameras operating at 100 frames per second. Both men’s and women’s grip of javelin and body center of mass displayed a curved pathway to the right from the left (bracing) foot during the final foot contact. The position of the body center of mass decreased at the beginning of the final foot contact, but after the decrease period it began to increase. Simultaneously with the increase, the peak joint center speeds occurred in a proper sequence from proximal to distal segments and finally to the javelin at release. Release speed correlated significantly with throwing distance in both male and females.

scholarly journals Persepsi dan Tahap Pengetahuan Peserta Dan Agen Takaful Terhadap Pelaksanaan Zakat Takaful: Kajian Di Shah Alam, Selangor (Perceptions and Knowledge Levels of Takaful Participants and Agencies towards Implementation of Takaful Zakat: A Study In Shah Alam, Selangor)

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Amirah Jaafar ◽  
Hairunnizam Wahid ◽  
Mohd Ali Mohd Noor
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
The Body ◽  
Permanent Disability ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
High Level ◽  
Push Factor ◽  
Knowledge And Acceptance

When it comes to zakat obligations, people only know certain types of zakat that are obligated to be issued. There are two types of zakat; zakat fitrah and zakat property. However, zakat’s division may vary according to the state's fatwa. In Selangor, Lembaga Zakat Selangor (LZS) is the body that governs the administration and implementation of Zakat. The breakdown of zakat property is Zakat on Income, Zakat on Business, Zakat on Savings, Zakat on Gold and Silver, Zakat on Investments and Shares, Zakat on KWSP, Zakat on Paddy, Zakat on Agriculture, Zakat on Wealth and Treasure, and the Zakat on Takaful. However, this study will only focus on Zakat Takaful. Under Zakat Takaful, there are several divisions which are Zakat Wang Takaful/Takaful Investment, Zakat on Maturity Policy, Takaful Compensation, Tabarruq Fund, Benefit of Total and Permanent Disability, and Compensation of Conventional Insurance Policy. Each of these sections has its calculation method which will be explained further. This study was conducted to identify the level of knowledge and acceptance of Takaful Muslim consumers on the implementation of Zakat Takaful that has been introduced by LZS. Besides, this study will also look at the knowledge of Takaful agents and their willingness to disseminate information of Zakat Takaful to their customers. This study was conducted by using the sampling method and descriptive data analysis. The study found that on average, respondents' knowledge on Zakat Takaful is low with a mean of 2.32. However, the mean for acceptance is 3.93 which is set at a high level thus showed a good acceptance of the survey respondents. Through this study, it can be concluded that knowledge and acceptance are both very important in achieving the objective of implementing Zakat Takaful. Knowledge by Takaful participants who are also assisted by agents who play the role of conveying knowledge of Zakat Takaful is directly perceived to have a more effective effect in addition to the behavior/attitude that forms the intention of Takaful participnts to accept the implementation and to pay Zakah Takaful. This study is also expected to be the push factor among the zakat agents to play a role in disseminating the right information about Zakat Takaful to their customers, which also can be regarded as one of the da'wah forms.

scholarly journals CELL DESIGN FOR GEARBOX ASSEMBLY

2018 ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
Rudolf Jánoš ◽  
Baňasová Antónia
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Work Process ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Right ◽  
High Level ◽  
Almost All

Urgency of the research. Automation is the next step in increasing productivity and performance. It represents the autonomous management of the entire system as well as the assembly or production process. This completely eliminates a human factor from the work process. Target setting. Today's robots and manipulators are now autonomous. Automated systems can be found in almost all industries. They are an indispensable part of non-productive environments, but we can also find them in non-industrial areas as well. Their dynamic development extends to service robotics. For their productivity, they have reached a high level, but their development is constantly advancing by refining their subsystems, introducing new functional principles, or upgrading compo-nents and elements involved in the construction of these mechanisms. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. To meet the requirements of automatition cells, it was slowly being applied to flexible production systems. These are systems that consist of computers and are connected by means of control units. They are characterized by complexity, flexibility and, above all, the multiplicity of elements. Such flexible systems based on the modularity, that systems are composed of individual modules and subsystems that can be adapted as needed. Uninvestigated parts of general issues defining. Design of automated robotic workplaces, based on the intensive development of functional and especially kinematic structures of the workplace as a whole. The research objective. To what extent is it possible for the work process to be mechanized or automated depends also on the level of development of the used equipment. In today's development stage, design of automated device is also automated. The statement of basic materials. This article focuses on the design of the manipulator, whose main task is to perform the assembly. Analysis of the task illustrates the principle design of the solution, which is also the starting point for the design of the universal manipulator. Current requirements of application practice for robotic technology have caused increased requirements for its functions, characteristics and parameters which cannot be always covered by the traditional approach to its design and construction. Conclusions. In this article describes in more detail the knowledge and division of the proposed devices and mechanisms, which provides an initial understanding of design. By analyzing the problem and defining the necessary parameters, the design of the manipulator was developed. Festo's design software also helped to make the right choice.

The Hazard of Forgetting about Risk

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-192
Author(s):  
Kristina Nordlander
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
European Law ◽  
Risk Regulation ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Chemicals Regulation ◽  
Intrinsic Capacity ◽  
The Right ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Eu

Professor Lofstedt's article makes an important contribution to the growing scholarship on risk regulation. He focuses on one of Europe's key challenges – how to ensure that European law and regulation is “smart” in the sense that it strikes the right balance between a high level of protection for human health and the environment while not being overly burdensome and enabling us to maintain our competitiveness and standard of living. The EU has taken a leading global role in chemicals regulation, which is welcome. However, as Professor Lofstedt's study clearly illustrates, much work remains to be done to ensure transparency, legal certainty, and sound science-based regulatory outcomes.The debate around risk versus hazard is an important one. As Professor Lofstedt notes, these are not contradictory concepts, but rather build on each other. Hazard and the intrinsic capacity of a substance to cause harm is the starting point. The debate then centers on to what extent a risk assessment (taking actual or potential exposure into account) should be made before the uses of the substance in question are regulated. Put simply, if there is no exposure, there will be no risk, even when the hazard is high. There are many examples of substances that have known intrinsic hazards, but that pose virtually no risk to human health given how and in what quantities they are used. Ordinary table salt is a well-known example.

scholarly journals The Inter-American Human Rights System and the Colombian Peace: Redefining the Fight Against Impunity

AJIL Unbound ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 178-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juana Inés Acosta-López
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Peace Accord ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
International Obligations ◽  
Peace Negotiation ◽  
The Right ◽  
High Level

The results of the plebiscite suggest that Colombia’s international obligations regarding the right to justice will be a key issue in the new postplebiscite phase of the peace negotiation. Perhaps, then, the best starting point for an analysis of these obligations is the rejected Peace Accord. If it complies with international obligations, then it seems likely that any new agreement will also be in compliance: opponents focused much of their arguments on the high level of impunity supposedly embedded in the original deal.

scholarly journals SAPROPEL AND ECOLOGICALLY SAFE TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PREVENTION OF COWS INFERTILITY

2018 ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
Татьяна Белобороденко ◽  
Tat'iana Beloborodenko ◽  
Михаил Белобороденко ◽  
Mihail Beloborodenko ◽  
Анатолий Белобороденко ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Muscle Tone ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
The Body ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
The Right ◽  
High Level

The aim of the study was to improve the herd reproduction and implement infertility prevention. High level of reproduction and milk productivity of cows is possible only for healthy animals. With year-round stall content, prolonged hypodynamia of cows there are significant hemodynamic disorders, morphological and functional changes in the reproductive organs and throughout the body. Specialists of farms and complexes often cull highly productive cows in the first, second lactation due to disruption of reproduction, diseases of the limbs and breast, it causes enormous economic damage. In cows with endometritis, observed a variety of clinical forms and varying degrees of severity of endometritis. Comparatively high efficiency was obtained with intrarectal application of sapropel. Sapropel – the lake silt formed from the remains of plant and animal organisms, colloidal silt greenish, olive, brown or gray color, greasy consistence. It contains organic nitrogen-containing substances up to 50%, carbohydrates up to 40% and bitumen compounds up to 10%, minerals, salts of calcium, magnesium, silicon, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, aluminum, iron; copper, zinc, manganese, cobalt, iodine, Nickel, molybdenum, etc., as well as vitamins (D, B1, B6, B12), hormone-like bacteriophages, antibiotics, humic acids, etc. Duration of treatment – up to 2 weeks. A significant number of sick cows was an increase in muscle tone of the uterus, the contraction of its walls, active secretion from the uterine exudate. The best results from treatment of endometritis (83.9%) were obtained with intrarectal application of sapropel in combination with vibroacoustic massage and infrared irradiation of cows bags. Only reasonable prevention of hypodynamia and the right approach in solving the problems will give the desired results and reduce the number of imported cattle.

An Automated Image-Based Method of 3D Subject Specific Body Segment Parameter Estimation

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison L. Sheets ◽  
Stefano Corazza ◽  
Thomas Andriacchi
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Body Segment ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Subject Specific ◽  
Joint Center ◽  
The Right ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Body Segment Parameters ◽  
Application Specific

Recent studies have suggested that limb kinetics during swing or float phase movements are important for ACL injury analysis and injury prevention [1]. Kinetic (moment and force) calculations during swing phase can be sensitive to the accuracy of subject-specific body segment parameters (BSP) including mass and inertial properties. While numerous methods for estimating BSP have been implemented including regression equations [2,3], geometric body shape estimations, medical imaging and optimization approaches, they all have application specific limitations. Almost all of these BSP estimation approaches are limited by assumptions that: the mass center (CM) lies on the axis connecting the segment’s proximal and distal joint center, the body principle moments of inertia are aligned with the segment axes [4], and the right and left limbs are symmetric. These assumptions could introduce errors in 3D kinematic analysis. Non-invasive methods of measuring the exact geometry and volume of body segments have the potential to reduce most sources of error.

scholarly journals As Fast as Possible Rather Than Well Protected: Experiences of Football Clothes

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viveka Berggren Torell
Keyword(s):  
Human Subjects ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Football Clubs ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Textile Technology ◽  
The World ◽  
The Right ◽  
Phenomenological View

With Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s phenomenological view that human beings ’take in’ the world and experience themselves as subjects through their bodies as a starting point, players in both men’s and women’s teams, kit men, purchasing managers, sporting directors, and a coach from Swedish football clubs have been interviewed about their perceptions and experiences of football clothing. Since the body is both a feeling and knowing entity, clothes are seen as components of body techniques, facilitating or restricting body movements in a material way, but also as creators of senses, like lightness and security; in both ways, influencing the knowledge in action that playing football is. In this article, the content of the interviews is discussed in relation to health. When clothes are primarily related to a biomedical view that health means no injuries and illnesses, warm pants and shin guards are mentioned by players, who are rather ambivalent to both, since these garments counteract a feeling of lightness that is connected to the perception of speed. Players want to be fast rather than well protected. If clothes, instead, are interpreted as related to a broad conception of health, including mental, social, and physical components, the relation body–space-in-between–clothes seems to be an important aspect of clothing. Dressed in a sports uniform, unable to choose individual details, the feeling of subjectivity is related to wearing ’the right-size’ clothes. Also new textile technology, like injury-preventing and speed-increasing tight compression underwear, is perceived by players based on feelings that they are human subjects striving for both bodily and psychological well-being.

Effects of Stimulation of Front Tooth by Toothpick on Headache and Brain Tumor as well as other Malignant Tumors Malignant

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-245
Author(s):  
Yoshiaki Omura
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Downward Pressure ◽  
Carcinoma Of Esophagus ◽  
The Right ◽  
High Level ◽  
Front Tooth ◽  
Stimulation Of

It has been found that pain in various parts of the body can be temporarily eliminated by mechanically suppressing or stimulating the front tooth. Some typical examples of this are described in this article. We know which teeth represent which organs, but we also have diagrams that show the cause of the pain, such as changes in certain areas of the electrocardiogram, and those possible areas are shown somewhere in the electrocardiogram. One minute downward pressure on the tip of any one of the front 3 teeth (1st incisor, 2nd incisor, and canine) at the right and left sides of the upper and lower jaw by a wooden toothpick induced temporary disappearance (20 min-4 hours) of abnormally increased pain parameters (pain grading, Substance P, & TXB2), and cancer parameters (Telomere, Integrin α5 β1, Oncogene C-fos Ab2, etc. of Astrocytoma, Glioblastoma, squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus, adenocarcinoma of lung, breast cancer, adenocarcinoma of colon, prostate cancer). The effect included temporary disappearance of headache, toothache, chest and abdominal pain, and backache, often with improved memory & concentration. Since these beneficial changes resembled the effects of giving one optimal dose of DHEA, increase of DHEA was measured. Above mechanical stimulation of one of these front teeth increased abnormally reduced DHEA levels of less than 10 ng to normal 100–130 ng BDORT units and normal cell (NC) telomeres from markedly reduced values to near normal values, and improved acetylcholine in the Hippocampus. Large organ representation areas for the Adrenal gland & Hippocampus may exist at these front teeth. This method can be used for emergency pain control and can explain the beneficial effect of bruxism and tooth brushing, through the increase of DHEA levels and activities of the Hippocampus by increasing Acetylcholine. Increasing NC telomere to optimally high level resulted in disappearance of pain and improvement or significant reduction of malignant tumor.

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