scholarly journals The SIMPOC Philippine Survey of Children 2001: A Data Source for Analyzing Occupational Injuries to Children

2005 ◽  
Vol 120 (6) ◽  
pp. 631-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charita L. Castro ◽  
Sarah Gormly ◽  
Amy R. Ritualo
Keyword(s):  
Child Labor ◽  
Occupational Injuries ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Work Environments ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Global Issue ◽  
Occupational Activities ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Children’S Work

Child labor is a global issue that exists in both industrialized and developing countries. With the unanimous adoption of International Labour Organization (ILO) Convention No. 182 in 1999 calling for the immediate elimination of the worst forms of child labor, ratifying member countries have committed themselves to identifying hazardous work for children in the context of their respective legislative frameworks. Part of tackling the problem of child labor is knowing what types of occupational activities children are engaged in, what types of work environments they are under, and what risks of injuries and illnesses they are exposed to while working. Using the Philippines as a country example, this study introduces a promising data source on children's work and presents a methodology for examining hazardous work to children through the examination of injury rates. Data for this study rely primarily on a nationally representative dataset from the Survey of Children 2001 carried out by the Philippine National Statistics Office, covering the months of October 2001 to September 2002.

More is more. Livelihood interventions and child labor in the agricultural sector

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Chiodi ◽  
◽  
Verónica Escudero
Keyword(s):  
Child Labor ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Randomized Experiment ◽  
Family Farms ◽  
Education And Awareness ◽  
Awareness Raising ◽  
Hazardous Child Labor

What works to reduce child labor in agriculture? In this paper, we evaluate two randomized livelihood intervention programs, aimed to reduce child labor, particularly in its most exploitative forms, in rural areas of Peru and the Philippines. In the first randomized experiment, we evaluate a livelihood intervention provided to farmers in Peru that use the labor of their children on their family farms, accompanied by an education intervention aimed to improve the quality of schools and an awareness-raising intervention. In the second randomized experiment, we evaluate the incremental effect of the livelihood intervention implemented within a similar program in the Philippines, focused on the sugarcane agricultural sector. We find that when livelihood interventions were provided alone, they did not manage to improve economic conditions, and hence generally failed to reduce child labor rates in rural areas. However, when the livelihood intervention was combined with measures to improve the quality of education in Peru, we see a reduction in hazardous child labor and child labor overall. Awareness-raising interventions, aimed at changing the perceptions of parents through community interaction, appear to have also had an effect in the reduction of child labor, and these effects were reinforced by education interventions. Results indicate that a comprehensive approach including livelihood support with education and awareness-raising components is a more effective way to reduce child labor and hazardous labor for children in the agricultural sector.

scholarly journals Kids at risk: children's employment in hazardous occupations in Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 685-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah S. DeGraff ◽  
Andrea R. Ferro ◽  
Deborah Levison
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Child Labor ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Family Farm ◽  
Multivariate Modeling ◽  
Quantitative Evidence ◽  
Parental Characteristics ◽  
Education Indicators ◽  
Children’S Work

While the literature on child labor in Brazil is large, it is not comprehensive: in particular, there are few studies on children's work in risky occupations, and those that exist tend to be qualitative and based on limited samples. In this paper, we aim to paint a broader picture of children's engagement in risky labor force work, based on quantitative evidence from PNAD data. We document associations between parental characteristics and children's work, using both descriptive statistics and multivariate modeling to understand the determinants of child participation in risky labor force work. Brazilian children engaged in risky occupations are less likely than other employed children to be enrolled in school, and more likely to work long hours and experience a variety of working conditions that may be unsafe. Parental education, indicators of household wealth and owning a family farm are particularly strongly associated with the incidence of risky work among children, and girls are over-represented in risky jobs due to their work in domestic service.

scholarly journals Message

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jen Fuk Liem
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Occupational Medicine ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Occupational Injuries ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Occupational Health And Safety ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Potential Biomarker

It gives me great pleasure and enthusiasm to welcome you to the special issue of Acta Medica Philippina - Workplace and Environment Safety and Health Issue. The occupational medicine and occupational health and safety activities primarily focusing on preventing diseases, injuries, and deaths due to working conditions. While exposure to harmful substances and or activities can happen at any time, I believe there are always some measures to ensure that no one has to suffer a work-related injury or illness because of their job. In this special issue, we published several articles including papers from the 13th Indonesia Occupational Medicine Updates, covering research on important aspects of occupational health and safety in the Philippines and Indonesia. The impacts of psychosocial hazards and shift work, the potential biomarker of effect on cardiovascular risk, pesticide exposure among farmers; and key statistics and trends in occupational injuries and traffic accidents in the Philippines are featured in this issue. I sincerely hope this work will be of interest to our readers and meet the real needs of the scientific community, stimulates thought, and eventually open up new research ideas. Finally, as special editor of this special issue, I would like to thank the authors who have worked very hard to prepare and revise the articles and to all reviewers for their careful reviews, and for providing valuable and constructive comments.   Jen Fuk Liem, MD Department of Occupational Health and Safety Faculty of Medicine and Health Science Universitas Kristen Krida Wacana Jakarta, Indonesia

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF TRADE ON CHILD LABOR: EVIDENCE FROM SELECTED SAARC AND ASEAN COUNTRIES

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Rossazana Ab-Rahim ◽  
Bilal Tariq
Keyword(s):  
Child Labor ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Selection Effect ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Trade Theory ◽  
Differentiated Goods ◽  
Asean Countries ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Total Impact

Past studies have tended to investigate the relationship between trade and child labor under the traditional trade theories, while assuming that the trade in homogenous goods and the results show inconclusive evidence of a relationship. Hence, it would be interesting to investigate the trade effects of differentiated goods on child labor in the setting of the new trade theory. This study attempts to investigate the trade-induced child labor effects (selection, scale and technique effects) in selected Asian countries over the period from 1999 to 2013. The countries consist of the major South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) countries, namely: Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Nepal, and Sri Lanka and selected ASEAN countries, namely: Cambodia, Indonesia, the Philippines, and Thailand, where child labor is most common. The results of this study confirm that the total impact of trade on child labor also needs to account for the selection effect, in addition to the scale and technique effects. The findings imply trade liberalization hampers the child labor market in the context of the trade in differentiated goods.

A Bibliometric Analysis of COVID-19 Across Economics and Business Research Landscape

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nida Nida ◽  
Ashish Chandra ◽  
Ruchi Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Port City ◽  
Business Research ◽  
Precise Knowledge ◽  
Global Issue ◽  
Extensive Introduction ◽  
Data Source

The Coronavirus disease which generated the unique virus appeared first in Port city of Hubei, China at the close of 2019, which significantly changed the whole humankind around the globe. Because of it’s rapid outspread, it taken into consideration as a global issue such as health, wellness, social and economic, eventually it ended up being a significant global health as a result of its pathogenicity. In spite of an expanding rate, modest  is investigated about the present state, The lack of understanding on this has motivated academic element for detailed check out, This bibliometric examined the peer scientific literary works to figure out the procedure of noesis on COVID-19, The research study is based upon bibliometric researches on Coronavirus, published data were collected from Scopus data source, quantitative assessment was carried out to evaluate the features of the present learning and generate visualizations for understanding, 668 documents were preserved. Web of writers, as well as nations were picturized in maps. However, COVID-19 search discloses special archeozoic use knowledge, spot a spaciotemporal as well as extensive introduction continues to be untended.. The precise knowledge on n-Cov is helpful for evidence-based policymakers in direction to avert and also resolve the pandemic.

scholarly journals The Spillovers of Employment Guarantee Programs on Child Labor and Education

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianshu Li ◽  
Sheetal Sekhri
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Child Labor ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
School Enrollment ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Employment Guarantee ◽  
Employment Guarantee Scheme ◽  
Employment Data ◽  
Roll Out

Abstract Many developing countries use employment guarantee programs to combat poverty. This study examines the consequences of such employment guarantee programs for the human capital accumulation of children. It exploits the phased roll-out of India’s flagship Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGA) to study the effects on enrollment in schools and child labor. Introduction of MGNREGA results in lower relative school enrollment in treated districts. It also finds that the drop in enrollment is driven by primary school children. Children in higher grades are just as likely to attend school under MGNREGA, but their school performance deteriorates. Using nationally representative employment data, the study finds evidence indicating an increase in child labor highlighting the unintentional perverse effects of the employment guarantee schemes for human capital.

Critical Approaches to Children’s Work and the Concept of Child Labor

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Bourdillon
Keyword(s):  
Child Labor ◽  
The Other ◽  
Family Context ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Work Activities ◽  
The Family ◽  
Critical Approaches ◽  
Conceptual Problems ◽  
Principal Work ◽  
Children’S Work

In much of human history, and in the majority of the world today, children participate in the work activities of the communities in which they are growing, and thereby learn to become productive members of the societies in which they live. Relatively recently, the principal work of children has switched from productive work to schoolwork, a change that has created conceptual problems for understanding the continuing importance of children’s work outside school. An attempt to divide children’s work into harmful “labor” and benign “work” fails to account for the vast majority of children’s work, which combines potentially positive and negative elements. References to harmful work and exploitative conditions can be found in the Oxford Bibliographies article on Child Labor. More positive accounts of children’s work in different cultural contexts appear in the article on Children’s Work and Apprenticeship, which focuses on unpaid work in the family context and work associated with learning. Neither article defines its topic in relation to the other. This indeterminate division leaves gaps, omitting some literature on children’s work that does not easily fall into either category, such as the benefits that children can derive from employment and how to assess costs and benefits in children’s work. This article, therefore, has two roles: it points to publications that provide a more comprehensive view of children’s work and it fills some of the gaps left by the other two articles.

Injuries and Seasonal Risks among Young Workers in West Virginia—A 10-Year Retrospective Descriptive Analysis

AAOHN Journal ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 381-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscah Mujuru ◽  
Miriam Mutambudzi
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Occupational Injury ◽  
Service Industry ◽  
Occupational Injuries ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Primary Concern ◽  
Young Workers ◽  
Injury Rates

This study used workers' compensation data to examine seasonal trends of compensable injuries among workers 14 to 24 years old during a 10-year period. These workers had higher rates of occupational injuries in major classes of industry (e.g., service, manufacturing, and agriculture) during summer and non-summer months. The overall rate of occupational injury was significantly higher for male workers than female workers in all age groups ( p & .001). Young workers experienced occupational injuries within less than 3 hours of starting a shift. Among males, injury rates were highest in the manufacturing industry for those 14 to 18 years old and in the service industry for those 22 to 24 years old for both seasons. These results indicate that preventing injuries among young workers should be a primary concern of education and health and safety professionals and parents.

scholarly journals A Long-Standing Problem: A Review on the Solid Waste Management in the Philippines

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-220
Author(s):  
Ericson E. Coracero ◽  
RB J. Gallego ◽  
Kristine Joy M. Frago ◽  
Ruel Joseph R. Gonzales
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
The People ◽  
Sanitary Landfills ◽  
Global Issue ◽  
The Government ◽  
Waste Diversion

Solid waste management is considered a pressing global issue calling for an immediate response from the government and its people. The Philippines has a continuously rising amount of waste and is expected to further increase in the succeeding years. As reviewed, associated problems with solid waste management in the country include an increasing amount of solid waste, weak law implementation, scarcity of sanitary landfills, and improper disposal. The ultimate solution existing in the country is the RA 9003 or the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000 which highlights the practices of segregation, proper disposal, and waste diversion. The importance of envisioning a trash-free Philippines and encouraging people’s participation and awareness is also emphasized. Another possible solution to solid waste management is valorization which can also address other environmental problems such as the depletion of natural resources. These solutions enumerated will only be possible with the presence of good governance, active participation of the people of the country, and the cooperation of all constituents and agencies in the Philippines.

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