A filament-level analysis on failure mechanism and ballistic limit of real-size multi-layer 2D woven fabrics under FSP impact

2021 ◽  
pp. 004051752110155
Author(s):  
Ying Ma ◽  
Mario Dippolito ◽  
Yuyang Miao ◽  
Youqi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Failure Mechanism ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Moment Of Inertia ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Ballistic Limit ◽  
Bending Rigidity ◽  
Ballistic Performance ◽  
Real Size ◽  
Edge Fragment ◽  
The Impact

This paper investigates the failure mechanism and fabric ballistic performance of real-size multi-layer 2D woven fabrics impacted by sharp-edge fragment simulating projectile (FSP). First, the relations between digital fiber shear force and bending rigidity are established under the modified digital element approach (DEA) framework. Then, a systematic parametric study was carried out on the ballistic impact of a 4-inch-long single yarn and 4-inch by 4-inch 2D woven fabric at near fiber level to solve for the relations of digital fiber moment of inertia and ballistic limit. The results show that for the same number of digital fibers per yarn model, the simulated ballistic limits are in direct proportion to digital fiber moment of inertia. The increase of the number of digital fibers per yarn, however, decreases the digital fiber moment of inertia effect on ballistic limits. Second, the 1- to 28-layer real-size 2D woven Kevlar KM2 fabrics are simulated at filament level against FSP on the cluster to estimate the V50 zone. The perforation process and failure mechanism of 4-layer fabric is investigated and analyzed in detail. The simulation results demonstrate the deformed fabric shape with respect to time and the damage modes at the impact area. Numerical results are compared with standard ballistic test results.

Interplay of fabric structure and shear thickening fluid impregnation in moderating the impact response of high-performance woven fabrics

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (28) ◽  
pp. 4387-4395
Author(s):  
Sanchi Arora ◽  
Abhijit Majumdar ◽  
Bhupendra Singh Butola
Keyword(s):  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Impact Energy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Fabric Structure ◽  
The Impact

The beneficial effect of STF impregnation in enhancing the impact resistance of high-performance fabrics has been extensively reported in the literature. However, this research work reports that fabric structure has a decisive role in moderating the effectiveness of STF impregnation in terms of impact energy absorption. Plain woven fabrics having sett varying from 25 × 25 inch−1 to 55 × 55 inch−1 were impregnated with STF at two different padding pressures to obtain different add-ons. The impact energy absorption by STF impregnated loosely woven fabrics was found to be higher than that of their neat counterparts for both levels of add-on, while opposite trend was observed in case of tightly woven fabrics. Further, comparison of tightly woven plain, 2/2 twill, 3/1 twill and 2 × 2 matt fabrics revealed beneficial effect of STF impregnation, except for the plain woven fabric, establishing that there exists a fabric structure-STF impregnation interplay that tunes the impact resistance of woven fabrics.

scholarly journals New indicators on fabric drape evaluation based on three-dimensional model

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 1291-1300
Author(s):  
Zhicai Yu ◽  
Yueqi Zhong ◽  
R. Hugh Gong ◽  
Haoyang Xie
Keyword(s):  
Point Cloud ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Angle Distribution ◽  
Bending Rigidity ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Fabric Drape ◽  
Fabric Weight ◽  
The Relationship

To evaluate the ability of woven fabrics to drape in a more accurate way, a three-dimensional point cloud of a draped woven fabric was captured via an in-house drape-scanner. A new indicator, total drape angle (TDA), was proposed based on the three-dimensional fabric drape to characterize the ability of a woven fabric to drape. The relationship between TDA and the drape coefficient (DC) was analyzed to validate the performance of TDA. The result indicated that TDA is more stable and representative than the traditional DC in characterizing the ability of a woven fabric to drape. In addition, the drape angle distribution function (DADF) of the triangular mesh was employed to describe fabric drape, as well as to bridge the gap between drape configuration and the warp bending rigidity of woven fabric. The results showed that the correlation coefficient between the real warp bending rigidity value and what was predicted warp based on DADF and fabric weight was 0.952.

Research on the Ballistic Performance of UD Cloth/3D Fabric Composite Target

2014 ◽  
Vol 941-944 ◽  
pp. 1341-1344
Author(s):  
Hong Wei Yang ◽  
Heng Gao ◽  
Jian Hua Du ◽  
Shen Li Xu
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Structural Performance ◽  
Ballistic Performance ◽  
Composite Target ◽  
Fabric Composite ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Better Than ◽  
3D Woven Fabrics

The ballistic performance of UD cloth/3D fabric composite targets made of UD cloth and 3D fabric and UD cloth targets made of UD cloth were tested. The deformation of UD cloth is larger than that of 3D woven fabrics after shot and the ballistic performance of 3D woven fabric is weaker than that of UD cloth, but its structural performance and performance of resistance to multiple shoot is better than UD cloth's.

Multi-objective optimization of parametric combination of injected slub yarn for producing knitted and woven fabrics with least abrasive damage

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arunangshu Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Vinay Kumar Midha ◽  
Nemai Chandra Ray
Keyword(s):  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Score Analysis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Slub Yarn

Purpose This study aims to optimize the parametric combination of injected slub yarn to achieve least abrasive damage on fabrics produced from it. Design/methodology/approach Single base injected slub yarn structural parameters, vis-à-vis slub length, slub thickness and slub frequency, were varied during preparation of yarn samples under this research work. A total of 17 yarn samples were produced according to the Box and Bhenken design of the experiment. Subsequently knitted and woven (using injected slub yarns in the weft only) fabric samples were prepared from these yarns. Yarn and fabric samples were abraded with standard instruments to see the impact of yarn structural parameters on abrasive damage of fabric in terms of fabric mass loss and appearance deterioration. From the test results, empirical models relating to slub parameters and fabric abrasion behavior were developed through a backward elimination regression approach. Subsequently, a set of optimal parametric combinations was derived with multi-objective evolutionary algorithms by using MATLAB software. This was followed by ranking all optimal solutions through technique for order preference by similarity to idle solution (TOPSIS) score analysis. Findings The injected slub yarn’s structural parameters have a strong influence on the abrasive damage of knitted and woven fabric. It is seen that the best suitable parametric combination of slub parameters for achieving the least abrasive damage is not the same for knitted and woven fabric. Practical implications The spinner can explore this concept to find out the best suitable parametric combination during pattern making of injected slub yarn through MATLAB solution followed by TOPSIS score analysis based on their priority of criteria level to ensure better abrasion behavior of fabric produced. Originality/value Optimization of parametric combination of injected slub yarns will help to ensure production of fabric with most resistance to abrasion for specific applications. The studies showed that the optimal solution for woven and knitted fabrics is different. The result indicates that in the case of knitted fabric, comparatively lesser slub thickness is found to be suitable for getting better fabric abrasion resistance, whereas in the case of woven fabric, comparatively higher slub thickness is found suitable for the same.

Study on Ballistic Characteristics of Glass-Epoxy-Rubber Sandwiches

2020 ◽  
Vol 978 ◽  
pp. 245-249
Author(s):  
Rajole Sangamesh ◽  
Hiremath Shivashankar ◽  
K.S. Ravishankar ◽  
S.M. Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Velocity Variation ◽  
Ballistic Limit ◽  
Ballistic Performance ◽  
Energy Absorption Capacity ◽  
Ballistic Limit Velocity ◽  
The Impact

This article focuses on the Finite Element (FE) analysis of the ballistic performance of the polymer composites consisting of natural rubber (NR), glass-epoxy (GE) and glass-rubber-epoxy (GRE) sandwich of different thicknesses (3, 6 and 9 mm) under the impact of the conical nose projectile for a velocity variation of (180, 220 and 260 m / s). FE modeling was carried out in direction to forecast the energy absorption, ballistic limit velocity and failure damage mode of the target materail. The significant influence of thickness, interlayer and sandwiching effect was studied: the lowest ballistic limit was obtained for 3 mm thick GE. Energy absorption capacity of GRE sandwich was highest among the natural rubber and GE. In future, the work can be extended for the experimental validation purpose, so that these polymer composite materials could be utilized to defence sector for bullet-proofing.

Multi-layer pattern creation for seamless front female body armor panel using angle-interlock woven fabrics

2016 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Yang ◽  
X Chen
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Female Body ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Armor ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Front Panel ◽  
Ballistic Performance ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
The Relationship

Angle-interlock woven fabric offers an option for making female body armor as it can form integrally the required dome shapes because of its extraordinary moldability and satisfactory ballistic performance. A mathematical model is created to determine the pattern geometry for the front panel of female body armor, and the front panel can be quickly created using this mathematical model. However, the body armor is multi-layer, which indicates that the relationship between the thickness of the fabric and the pattern block projection for different layers of fabric needs to be investigated, in order to create the whole panel, to improve this novel approach for making seamless female body armor with satisfactory ballistic performance.

Effect of replacement strike-face material on the ballistic performance of multi-ply soft armor targets

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 711-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zherui Guo ◽  
Weinong Chen ◽  
James Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Ballistic Limit ◽  
Stainless Steel Mesh ◽  
Ballistic Performance ◽  
Gas Gun ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Armor System

In this study, the impact-face material of a multi-ply soft armor system was varied to different ratios and tested for the effects on the ballistic performance. It is known that the first few layers of multi-ply soft armor material typically fail inelastically near the system ballistic limit and can be replaced with a “sacrificial” material with other more desirable properties. Previous studies have determined that the ballistic performance of these hybrid systems is largely dependent on the amount of high-performance backing material. However, the extent to which the high-performance fabric can be replaced has yet to be fully quantified and examined. Materials of different properties, namely stainless steel mesh, Makrolon® polycarbonate sheets, and cotton, were used as replacement frontal material for 840 d Twaron® panels, and the hybrid panels were impacted by O1 tool steel right-circular cylinder projectiles fired using a single-stage smooth-bore gas gun. Results show that the ballistic performance is maintained up to a frontal material ratio of about 40%, and off-axis material properties play a role in energy dissipation.

scholarly journals Influence of Water-Induced Degradation of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-Coated Woven Fabrics Mechanical Properties

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Andrzej Ambroziak ◽  
Paweł Kłosowski
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
Proper Values ◽  
The Impact

The impact of water-induced degradation on the mechanical properties of the chosen two PTFE-coated, glass threads woven fabrics is investigated in this paper. The paper begins with a survey of literature concerning the investigation and determination of coated woven fabric properties. The authors carried out the uniaxial tensile tests with an application of flat and curved grips to establish the proper values of the ultimate tensile strength and the longitudinal stiffness of groups of specimens treated with different moisture conditions. Despite the water resistance of the main materials used for fabrics manufacturing, the change of the mechanical properties caused by the influence of water immersion has been noticed. The reduction in the tensile strength resulting under waterlogged is observed in the range from 5% to 16% depending on the type of investigated coated woven fabric and direction of weft or warp.

Effect of Textile Architecture on Energy Absorption of Woven Fabrics Subjected to Ballistic Impact

2014 ◽  
Vol 553 ◽  
pp. 757-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Yang ◽  
Phuong Tran ◽  
Tuan Ngo ◽  
Priyan Mendis ◽  
William Humphries
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Ballistic Impact ◽  
Impact Testing ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Dissipated Energy ◽  
Ballistic Performance ◽  
Resultant Velocity ◽  
Resistance Performance

Woven fabrics are widely used in various protective applications. The effects of different woven architectures (such as plain, basket, twill and satin) on impact resistance performance have not been adequately studied. In this work, high-speed impact testing on single layer plain weave structures has been carried out using a gas gun experimental setup. Ballistic resistance performance of the woven fabric is evaluated based on the resultant velocity of the projectile, as well as the post-mortem failure analysis. Finite element computational models are presented in this research, thereby providing predictive capability for the manufacturer and designer in order to minimise field testing, as well as shedding light on to the damage mechanisms of composite fabrics subjected to ballistic impact. The numerical model is validated with the experimental results in terms of dissipated energy and resultant velocity. Numerical investigation is conducted on other woven structures of identical areal density for comparison, revealing the importance of fabric architecture. The influences of yarn-yarn and yarn-projectile friction properties on the ballistic performance of various textile structures are also presented.

The Effects of Jacquard Woven Fabric Constructional Parameters and Elastane Yarn on Bending Rigidity

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 155892501501000
Author(s):  
Gülcan Süle
Keyword(s):  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Weft Yarn ◽  
Bending Rigidity ◽  
Warp Yarn ◽  
Weft Direction ◽  
Bending Property ◽  
Yarn Count ◽  
Overall Bending

In this research, the bending property of jacquard woven fabrics and the effects of weft density, weft yarn count, weave, and Lycra inclusion in weft yarn on this property were investigated. Viscose filament warp yarn and polyester and polyester/Lycra weft yarns were used for weaving fabrics, and 4/1 and 7/1 satin weaves with the same jacquard design were used as the ground weave. Experimental results show that the bending rigidities of the fabrics in the warp directions increase as the weft density increases and the weft yarn gets thicker. The bending rigidities of the fabrics woven with a 4/1 satin weave in the warp direction are higher compared to the bending rigidities of the fabrics woven with a 7/1 satin weave in the same direction. Similar to the bending rigidities in the warp direction, as the weft density increases and the weft yarn gets thicker, the bending rigidities of the fabrics in the weft directions increase. When the weft yarn includes Lycra, the bending rigidity values of the fabric decrease in the weft direction. Additionally, similar to the bending rigidity in the warp direction, the jacquard woven fabrics with a 4/1 satin weave have a higher bending rigidity in the weft direction compared to the jacquard woven fabrics with a 7/1 satin weave. It was observed that when the weft density increases, the overall bending rigidities of the fabrics increase. Despite fabrics woven with a polyester/Lycra weft yarn having a thicker weft yarn and heavier weight with the same weft density and weave compared to fabrics woven with a polyester weft yarn, the bending rigidity values in the weft direction have a lower overall fabric bending rigidity.

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