Japanese Direct Investment and its Impact on Migration in the ASEAN 4

1994 ◽  
Vol 3 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 265-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoichi Ito ◽  
Yasushi Iguchi

Although the manufacturing sector's share of employment is still small in ASEAN-4 countries, the development of manufacturing, especially labor-intensive industries, will be indispensable for absorbing part of the increase in labor force. In these countries, Japanese direct investment (JDI) has been more highly concentrated in the manufacturing sector than JDI in other regions. The Japanese “New Asian Industrial Development (AID) Plan” is a comprehensive economic cooperation package, which supports the introduction of JDI and the promotion of exports in ASEAN-4 countries. JDI and AID may, in turn, help alleviate the domestic labor market situation and reduce the incentive for workers of ASEAN-4 countries to migrate to work overseas.

2018 ◽  
pp. 461-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaan Masso ◽  
Lucia Mýtna Kureková ◽  
Maryna Tverdostup ◽  
Zuzana Žilincˇíková

This chapter addresses patterns of return migration in Estonia and Slovakia. It investigates the selection of emigrants who decide to return home and analyzes their characteristics compared to emigrants who remain abroad and to fellow nationals who did not emigrate, as well as the labor market status of young returnees after re-entering the domestic labor market. The comparative analysis of the two national Labor Force Survey samples suggests that among young returnees, level of education has no association with the decision to return home. An education–occupation mismatch affects the decision to return among young and highly educated Estonian migrants, whereas no such effect is found for young Slovak returnees. The analysis of post-return labor market status reveals that both Estonian and Slovak returnees are more likely to face short-term unemployment after re-entering the domestic labor market than are emigrants who remain abroad or people who stayed at home.


Author(s):  
Monika Daňová ◽  
Ivana Kravčáková Vozárová ◽  
Roman Vavrek

Long-term income differences between regions are undesirable from an economic and social point of view. Nevertheless, they are a long-term phenomenon in many countries. Although comparing the countries with each other, the situation appears to be similar. The assumption of reducing the differences in the size of household income is to identify objectively the determinants of wages. According to published opinions, the difference in labor income is due to the different value of the marginal product of labor and thus the resulting wage. Alternative views associate wage size with market factors - the labor market situation, the overall wealth of households, the location of the region, the increase or dampening of the economic activity of the system. The aim of this paper is to analyze and quantify the influence of different branch structure on the regional nominal wage. The model change estimates the possible change in the regional wage caused by the change in the representation of individual sectors in the regions of Slovakia. The factors considered for regional disparities are the representation of the manufacturing sector, sectoral labor productivity and labor market participation.


1969 ◽  
pp. 9-21
Author(s):  
Eduardo Kiyoshi Tonooka

The prevailing view about Japanese foreign direct investment (FDI) in the manufacturing sector based on the argument that it has suited to the reallocation of sunset industries in Japan to countries with lower levels of industrial development was adequate for explaining the majority of Japanese investment overseas up to late 70s. Nevertheless,the new situations that faced Japan in the 80s demanded new interpretations for the dynamics of Japanese FDI,specially for the Brazilian case. After evaluating the available theoretical contributions and empirical research for understanding Japanese FDI, an econometric model was developed in order to identify the main determinants of Japanese direct investment in Brasil in the 80s- This model embodies firm level data,as opposed to most empirical work on FDI motives which deals with industry level data.


Author(s):  
Cecília Osowski ◽  
Jussara Martini

Apresenta as discussões em torno da categoria do trabalho, entendida também como ajuda, resultado da pesquisa "O currículo de primeiro grau e suas relações com o trabalho e o lazer dos alunos ".¹ Dentro da categoria do trabalho, destacou-se o trabalho doméstico como espaço de (des)construção das subjetividades 2 dos alunos e das alunas trabalhadoras do ensino fundamental das escolas estudadas, interferindo, inclusive, na própria significação de currículo. Tripudiando o conceito marxista de trabalho, surge um eufemismo: o trabalho como "ajuda ", decorrente das demandas do mercado de trabalho que invadiu a esfera familiar, apropriando-se dos corpos e mentes de seus membros, e apoderando-se, assim, de uma mão-de-obra barata e abundante: a força de trabalho infantil. Abstract This article presents the discussions about the category of labor, also understood as aid, as a result ofour research: "The curriculum of primary school and its relations with labor and leisure of pupils ". In the category of labor we stressed domestic labor as a space of (de) construction of the subjectivities of the working pupils of primary schools studied, interfering, even, with the meaning of curriculum itself Tripudiating the marxist concept of labor, there arises an euphemism: labor as "help", deriving from the demands of the labor market which invaded the family sphere, sizing the bodies and the minds of its members and thus assuming a cheep and abundant labor force: the force of the infantile labor. Résumé Cet article présente les discussions sur la catégorie du travail, aussi compris comme un résultat de notre recherche: "Le curriculum de l'école primaire et ses relations avec le travail et le loisir des élèves ". Dans la catégorie de travail nous avons détaché le travail domestique comme un espace de (de)construction des subjectivités des élèves travailleurs de l'école primaire étudiée, interférant, aussi, avec la signification du curriculum lui-même. En trépignant le concept marxiste de travail, surgit un euphémisme: travail comme "aide ", décourant des exigences du marché de travail qui a envahi la sphère familière, s'appropriant des corps et des esprits de ses membres et, ainsi, s'emparant d'une peu chère et abondante force de travail: la force du travail enfantin. Resumen Este artículo presenta las discusiones en torno a la categoría de trabajo, también entendida como ayuda, resultado de la investigación: "El currículo de primer grado y sus relaciones con el trabajo y el ocio de los alumnos ". Dentro de la categoría de trabajo ha destacado el trabajo doméstico como un espacio de (des)construcción de las subjetividades de los alumnos y las alumnas trabajadoras de primer grado de las escuelas estudiadas. Tripudiando el concepto marxista de trabajo surge un eufemismo: el trabajo como "ayuda ", decorrente de las demandas del mercado de trabajo que ha invadido la esfera familiar, apropriándose de los cuerpos y de las mentes de sus miembros y apoderándose, de esta manera, de una mano de obra barata y abundante: la fuerza de trabajo infantil.


Author(s):  
Ngadi Ngadi ◽  
Devi Asiati ◽  
Ade Latifa ◽  
Nawawi Nawawi

Indonesia has committed to embody gender equality in the labor market through gender mainstreaming programs in all sectors. Nevertheless, the reality indicates that gender inequality in the labor market still exists. This chapter aims to discuss various issues of gender inequality in the Indonesian labor market in the agriculture, manufacturing, and services sectors. The data used for the analysis is the 2016 national labor force survey. The survey covered 82,613 workers with 31,256 of them from the agricultural sector, 14,835 from the manufacturing sector and 36,522 from the services sector. The analysis shows the dominance of male labor in all the sectors with the lowest proportion of female workers occurs in the manufacturing sector (27.1%) followed by the agricultural sector (37.5%) and the services (46.5%). Based on the type of position, men are more dominant in strategic positions in all the three sectors. The highest wage disparity between women and men takes place in the agricultural sector followed by the manufacturing and the services.


2017 ◽  
pp. 22-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ivanova ◽  
A. Balaev ◽  
E. Gurvich

The paper considers the impact of the increase in retirement age on labor supply and economic growth. Combining own estimates of labor participation and demographic projections by the Rosstat, the authors predict marked fall in the labor force (by 5.6 million persons over 2016-2030). Labor demand is also going down but to a lesser degree. If vigorous measures are not implemented, the labor force shortage will reach 6% of the labor force by the period end, thus restraining economic growth. Even rapid and ambitious increase in the retirement age (by 1 year each year to 65 years for both men and women) can only partially mitigate the adverse consequences of demographic trends.


2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 271
Author(s):  
Carmen Valentina Radulescu ◽  
Georgiana-Raluca Ladaru ◽  
Sorin Burlacu ◽  
Florentina Constantin ◽  
Corina Ioanăș ◽  
...  

The present research aims to establish the impact that the current crisis situation the planet is facing, namely the COVID-19 pandemic, has had so far on the Romanian labor force market. In this context, given the lack of information and information regarding this pandemic and its effects, the administration of a questionnaire among the population was considered to identify the research results. The method of semantic differential and the method of ordering the ranks were used for the interpretation of the results. With the help of this questionnaire, it will be possible to answer the question of the research in this study: What are the main effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Romanian labor market? The main results showed that the COVID-19 pandemic affected the Romanian workforce; the respondents of the applied questionnaire claimed that they obtained better results and maintained a similar income, but the health crisis also influenced the mentality of employees, with respondents stating that in the event of changing jobs, they would consider it very important for the new employer to ensure the conditions for preventing and combating COVID-19, as well as complex health insurance. However, analyzing at the macroeconomic level, it was found that the COVID-19 pandemic induced an increase in the number of unemployed people in the Romanian labor market.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document