Using Environmental Design to Teach Ward Layout to Severely and Profoundly Retarded Blind Persons: A Proposal

1975 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 168-171
Author(s):  
Maureen A. Mcglinchey ◽  
Ronald F. Mitala
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Great Degree ◽  
Behavior Modification ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Environmental Design ◽  
State Institution ◽  
Design System ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
Blind Persons

Two behavior modification specialists moved onto a ward for severely and profoundly retarded blind men in a state institution and implemented programs to train them in basic self-care skills including toileting, bathing, dressing, teethbrushing, etc. They found that the residents’ blindness greatly inhibited their attaining independence in the various skill areas of the program. Measures taken indicated that the residents also had an extremely low incidence of movement and social interaction and depended upon staff to a great degree to lead them around the ward. A simple and inexpensive environmental design system utilizing wall and floor cues is proposed to decrease fear of the environment and to promote movement, independence, and social interaction among the residents.

A Longitudinal Study of Active Treatment of Adaptive Skills of Individuals with Profound Mental Retardation

2001 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad A. Bat-Haee
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Active Treatment ◽  
State Institution ◽  
Adaptive Skills ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Single Group ◽  
Profound Mental Retardation

A longitudinal study indicated that a single group of adults living in a large state institution (O'Berry Center in Goldsboro, North Carolina) benefited from receiving active treatment, although no control group was permitted. After five years, 59 individuals with profound mental retardation improved their skills in six general areas of dressing, grooming, eating, toileting, communication, and social interaction. After five more years of active treatment, 51 persons who had remained in the program maintained their skills in dressing, grooming, eating, and communication. Significant improvement in the use of toilet and a loss in social interaction were observed. Although the participants were 10 years older at the end of this study, their adaptive behaviors, in comparison to the date of entry, either improved or were maintained. Therefore, aging was not associated with decline in skills.

scholarly journals Pengaruh token ekonomi untuk meningkatkan kemampuan rawat diri pada individu dengan gangguan skizoafektif

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rullita Aristya Mintarsih
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Modification ◽  
Schizoaffective Disorder ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Token Economy ◽  
Psychological Tests ◽  
Assessment Methods ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Care Assessment ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Self Cleaning

The subject was a 41-year-old woman with a diagnosis of schizoaffective disorder. Subjects showed the symptoms of schizoid that made them less interested in daily activities, less concerned with hygiene and self-care. Assessment methods used are observations, interviews, and psychological tests in the form of WAIS, graphic tests (DAP, BAUM, &HTP), TAT, WWQ and WHODAS questionnaire. Interventions are made to deal with the lack of ability in self-care, using behavior modification therapy with the token economy method. The results showed that Token Economy was effective to improve the subject's ability to care for themselves, they became more motivated to perform basic activities such as self-cleaning.

scholarly journals Editorial

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Richard Bond
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Postsecondary Education ◽  
Great Degree ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Social Responsibilities ◽  
Life Long Learning ◽  
The Future ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Diversity Of Components ◽  
The Three Rs

Givcn the nature of the process of education, the human groups for whom education is designed and with whom educating is, to a great degree, an intimate, social interaction, even the most superficial examination of the elements involved reveals a diversity of components which span most, if not all, aspects of human life. Some time ago it was recognized that our own education and the education of our fellow humans extends in length and breadth far outside the formal classrooms of primary, secondary, and postsecondary education. This said, it is not at all difficult to identify components of education such as life-long learning, social responsibilities, citizenship, gender based issues, and helping people develop their potential. What a contr8st these postmodern concepts of education make when compared with traditionally espoused notions of "back to basics" and "the three Rs", which, even as I write, are still perceived by many in the community to be by far the most suitable concepts by which wc may cope with the present and try to facc;; the future. This edition presents articles on education which are widely varied in nature, but nonetheless have application to the profession as manifest in its many forms. They have relevance, also, to important aspects of the ways in which we socialize and are socialized within the context of education and educating. These articles, then, are presented to encourage the examination of education through somewhat different lenses and to invite questions pertaining to where we are and where we are going.

scholarly journals PENERAPAN TEKNIK TOTAL TASK PRESENTATION UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BUANG AIR KECIL PADA ANAK DENGAN DISABILITAS INTELEKTUAL MODERAT

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Aryani Rahmah Utami ◽  
Mayke S. Tedjasaputra
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Modification ◽  
Entire Range ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Behavior Observation ◽  
Case Subject ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Task Presentation

Children with intellectual disability (ID) have deficit in their adaptive functions, such as self-care in practical domain. The skill of self-care in moderate ID children can develop after being trained, although it takes a long time. One of skills that can be developed is urination skill. Urination skill is important to teach on children with ID so they can maintain their genital organs health independently. Therefore, interventions related to urination skill using behavior modification program with total task presentation technique are required. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of total task presentation technique to increase urination skill on child with moderate ID. This study used a single case subject A-B design that used to find changes in scores by comparing behavior observation data of participant’s urination skill and make a data analysis. Participant in this study was a 10 years old boy who has deficit in urination skill. After the implementation of the intervention program in 16 sessions for 14 days with 81 trials, it was found that the total task presentation technique is effective to improve urination skill on a child with moderate ID. The participants has been able to take control the entire range of urinating behavior (22 chain of behaviors) independently. Previously, the child could only controlled the nine chain of behaviors independently.

Teaching Multiply Handicapped Blind Persons in a State Hospital

1974 ◽  
Vol 68 (8) ◽  
pp. 337-362
Author(s):  
Diana A. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
State Hospital ◽  
Education Program ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
State Institution ◽  
Compensatory Education ◽  
Alternative Program ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Blind Persons

The multiply handicapped blind residents of state institutions are in need of an alternative program of education. The multiplicity of their handicaps makes it necessary to tailor a program for almost every individual. A compensatory education program for 14 blind retarded youths in a state institution is described. Teaching suggestions and guidelines are presented. Recreational skills are emphasized, not only to develop meaningful and enjoyable use of leisure time, but to combat the dehumanization so frequently found.

Boxing Day

2000 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-260
Author(s):  
Peter R. Killeen
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Control Theory ◽  
Pavlovian Conditioning ◽  
Behavior Modification ◽  
Unconditioned Response ◽  
Convincing Case

A convincing case is made for the importance of conditioning in social interaction, but more than Pavlovian conditioning is involved: UR (unconditioned response) modification, imprinting, Skinnerian conditioning, and other forms of behavior modification are adduced as Pavlovian. Beyond its value as an icon, control theory is not brought to bear in an informative fashion on these phenomena.

The Effectiveness of Radiowave Surgery in the Treatment of Patients with Melanoma of Iris, Ciliary Body and Choroid

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
A. Maletsky ◽  
O. Khomyakova
Keyword(s):  
Radio Wave ◽  
Uveal Melanoma ◽  
Ciliary Body ◽  
Tumor Recurrence ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
State Institution ◽  
Tissue Therapy ◽  
Minimum Age ◽  
Low Incidence

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of radiowave surgery in the treatment of uveal melanoma. Materials and Methods: The study was performed on the basis of the oncoophthalmology department of the State Institution «Institute of Eye Diseases and Tissue Therapy named by academician V.P. Filatov of the NAMS of Ukraine» during 2009-2019. Treatment with radio wave knife "Surgitron" manufactured by "Ellman International", was performed in 71 patients with melanoma of the iridociliary and chorioid (mean age 55.7 ± 1.6 years, minimum age 20 years, maximum age 77 years, Me (25%, 75%) = 59.0 (46.0; 65.0). These patients were split into two groups: 45 (61.6%) patients with melanoma localization in the iris and ciliary body (I group) and 28 (38.4%) patients with melanoma mostly affecting the ciliary body and choroidea (II group). In patients with melanoma of the ciliary choroidal region, a 40-day course of external β-therapy (Sr90+ Y90) was performed (25-30‘, RD = 40 Gy, LAD = 400 Gy). The follow-up period after the intervention was 10 years. Statistical analysis was performed by analysis of variance using Statistica 13.0 software (Dell StatSoft Inc, USA). Results and Discussion: The use of a radio wave knife in resection of the UM allowed to maintain the ascending visual acuity in 100% operated for 12 months. The frequency of eye subatrophy in the subsequent stages of observation did not exceed 5%. The frequency of tumor recurrence when using a radio wave knife within 24 months of observation does not exceed 15%. The incidence of postoperative complications with the use of a radio wave knife does not exceed 5%. Low incidence of complications and recurrences, better five-year survival rate using radiowave surgical method allows to recommend it for wide use in combined treatment of uveal melanoma. Conclusion: Radiowave knife is safe and clinically effective method of surgical treatment of uveal melanoma.

Behavior Modification Of The Mentally Retarded, edited by Travis Thompson & John Grabowski. New York/London/Toronto: Oxford University Press, 1972, 297 pp., $7.50 cloth, $4.95 paper

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-166
Author(s):  
Jean K. MacCubrey
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Behavior Modification ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
State Institution ◽  
Training And Education ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Oxford University Press

The editors of this text admit that the title is probably a misnomer, and it is. This is not a book about all the possible applications of behavior modification principles to the training and education of the wide range of retarded individuals. Nor does it attempt to review systematically the important studies which have been done in recent years. Rather, it describes a number of applications of operant techniques in a particular state institution for the retarded.

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