Are Cheaters Sexual Hypocrites? Sexual Hypocrisy, the Self-Serving Bias, and Personality Style

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 1499-1511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Warach ◽  
Lawrence Josephs ◽  
Bernard S. Gorman
Keyword(s):  
Prior Experience ◽  
The Self ◽  
Emotional Impact ◽  
Sexual Infidelity ◽  
Personality Variables ◽  
Moral Hypocrisy ◽  
Avoidant Attachment ◽  
Relationship Partners ◽  
Perpetrators And Victims ◽  
Primary Relationship

This article examines moral hypocrisy and the self-serving bias (SSB) in the sexual infidelity context. We found evidence of self-serving attributions that occur between primary relationship partners following sexual betrayals. Specifically, we found that sexual infidelity perpetrators (a) blamed their primary dyadic partners (i.e., victims) for infidelities significantly more than those victims blamed themselves for such infidelities, (b) blamed the surrounding circumstances for infidelities significantly more than their victims did, and (c) rated the emotional impact of infidelities on their victims as significantly less than victims’ ratings of such impact. Moreover, we found that participants with prior experience as both sexual infidelity perpetrators and victims displayed “sexual hypocrisy” by judging others more harshly than themselves for sexually unfaithful behavior. Our findings demonstrate that personality variables associated with sexual infidelity (narcissism, sexual narcissism, avoidant attachment, and primary psychopathy) are also relevant to self-serving attributions in the sexual infidelity context.

‘Maybe I’ll make something with it’: Comics as alternative sex education

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Boer
Keyword(s):  
Sex Education ◽  
Community Building ◽  
The Self ◽  
Emotional Impact ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Educational Value ◽  
Graphic Medicine ◽  
Teacher Student ◽  
Look Back ◽  
Sex And Sexuality

This article discusses how the comics form is peculiarly suited to deliver affecting, inclusive sex education. Through analysing the comics anthologies Not Your Mother’s Meatloaf, compiled by Saiya Miller and Liza Bley, and Graphic Reproduction, edited by Jenell Johnson as part of the Graphic Medicine series, this article addresses several specific ways in which these anthologies – and the autobiographical comics they include – demonstrate unconventional and effecting methods of conducting sex education. Comparing these collections to sex education film shows how comics are particularly suited to this goal. These comics anthologies demonstrate the importance of inclusive community-building as a central project of sex education, as well as the need to challenge the teacher–student methodology. Specific comics within these anthologies by Eli Brown and Paula Knight demonstrate how comics allow for radical expressions of how bodies relate to sex and sexuality. Other comics, including those by Alison Bechdel and Alex Barrett, reveal how the pauses and ambiguities fostered by comics heighten their emotional impact and educational value. The overarching power of these narrative comics comes from the self-awareness of the form itself, especially the vulnerability of drawing oneself in relation to sexual experiences. This article concludes that these distinct characteristics of comics allow both a healthy way for creators to look back on their own experiences with sex and, in turn, encourage readers to effectively learn from these depicted experiences.

What’s Positive About Self-Verification?

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca J. North ◽  
William B. Swann
Keyword(s):  
Physical Health ◽  
Positive Feedback ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Self ◽  
Adaptive Process ◽  
Relationship Partners ◽  
Verification Process ◽  
Underlying Processes ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Shed Light

Self-verification theory assumes that people work to preserve their self-views by seeking to confirm them. Like other processes advocated by positive psychology, self-verification is a fundamentally adaptive process. Intrapsychically, self-verification strivings maintain psychological coherence, reduce anxiety, improve physical health, are associated with enhanced creativity, and may foster authenticity. Interpersonally, they encourage people to gravitate toward honest relationship partners, foster trust and intimacy in relationships, and ensure predictability in one’s behavior, which further promotes trust. Although self-verification is adaptive overall, it may lead to the perpetuation of negative self-views. Nevertheless, identifying the underlying processes in self-verification may lend insight into how to raise self-esteem. To raise the self-esteem of someone with a negative self-view, one should first provide the person with self-verification and subsequently provide positive feedback that challenges the negative self-views. Furthermore, , understanding the self-verification process more deeply may also shed light on how to define and build happiness.

scholarly journals Attachment and Effortful Control

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joke Heylen ◽  
Michael W. Vasey ◽  
Adinda Dujardin ◽  
Eva Vandevivere ◽  
Caroline Braet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Effortful Control ◽  
Early Adolescents ◽  
The Self ◽  
Insecure Attachment ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Maternal Support ◽  
Attachment Relationships ◽  
Avoidant Attachment ◽  
Two Samples

Based on former research, it can be assumed that attachment relationships provide a context in which children develop both the effortful control (EC) capacity and the repertoire of responses to regulate distress. Both are important to understand children’s (mal)adjustment. While the latter assumption has been supported in several studies, less is known about links between attachment and EC. We administered questionnaires to measure anxious and avoidant attachment or trust in maternal support in two samples of early adolescents. EC was reported by the child in Sample 1 ( n = 244), and by mother in Sample 2 ( n = 177). In both samples, mothers reported children’s maladjustment. Consistent with predictions, insecure attachment was related to reduced EC. Moreover, EC indirectly linked insecure attachment to maladjustment. This study provides evidence that studying EC is important to understand the self-regulatory mechanisms explaining the link between attachment and (mal)adjustment in early adolescence.

Unwanted Pursuit in Same-Sex Relationships: Effects of Attachment Styles, Investment Model Variables, and Sexual Minority Stressors

Partner Abuse ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerian J. Derlega ◽  
Barbara A. Winstead ◽  
Matthew R. Pearson ◽  
Louis J. Janda ◽  
Robin J. Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Investment Model ◽  
The Other ◽  
Anxious Attachment ◽  
Personality Variables ◽  
Relationship Beliefs ◽  
Avoidant Attachment ◽  
Unwanted Pursuit ◽  
The Relationship

This study examined the frequency and antecedents of unwanted pursuit in the intimate relationships of lesbians, gay men, bisexuals, and transgendered (LGBT) individuals. Analyses were conducted separately for disengagers (individuals who wanted to end a relationship when the other partner did not want to let go) and rejected partners (individuals who wanted to hold on to a relationship that the other person was trying to end). One hundred percent of disengagers reported having experienced at least one unwanted pursuit behavior, and 87.7% of rejected partners reported engaging in at least one unwanted pursuit behavior. Among rejected partners, anxious attachment positively predicted pursuit behaviors; and, among disengagers, avoidant attachment negatively predicted being the target of aggressive behaviors. Investment in the relationship predicted pursuit as reported by disengagers and rejected partners. In addition, lifetime experiences with minority stressors predicted being the target of pursuit among disengagers. The findings expand on earlier research about how personality variables and relationship beliefs affect unwanted pursuit. It also demonstrates how sexual minorities face extra challenges when one partner wants to break up and the other partner does not want the relationship to end.

Attachment Histories for People with Characteristics of Self-Defeating Personality

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1232-1234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deirdre Williams ◽  
Thomas Schill
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
Check List ◽  
Personality Scale ◽  
Adjective Check List ◽  
Avoidant Attachment ◽  
Unpredictable Environment

Correlations of undergraduates' responses (79 men, 79 women) to the Self-defeating Personality Scale and Gough and Heilbrun's Adjective Check List indicated people who had more characteristics of self-defeating personality were more likely to recall ambivalent and avoidant attachment histories regarding their mothers. There was a tendency for men to recall avoidant attachment histories for fathers as well. These results lend some support to Glickhauf-Hughes and Wells who in 1991 contended being reared in an unpredictable environment by parents who are ambivalent contributes to the development of self-defeating personality. The rs suggest these characteristics are related to cold and rejecting parenting as well.

The differential effects of integral pride and gratitude on divergent moral judgment for the self versus others

2021 ◽  
pp. 031289622110626
Author(s):  
Felix Septianto ◽  
Fandy Tjiptono ◽  
Denni Arli ◽  
Jian-Min (James) Sun
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Moral Judgment ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
The Self ◽  
Organizational Setting ◽  
Discrete Emotions ◽  
Moral Hypocrisy ◽  
Team Setting ◽  
Practical Implications

Individuals tend to have divergent moral judgment when judging oneself versus others, which is termed moral hypocrisy. While prior research has examined different factors that might influence moral hypocrisy, there are limited insights on the influences of different, discrete emotions. The present research seeks to address this gap and examines the differential influences of pride and gratitude on moral hypocrisy. Results of a pilot study and three main studies demonstrate that pride (but not gratitude) leads to moral hypocrisy. These effects are replicated across different cases of questionable behaviors and prosocial behaviors in a team setting. More importantly, this research identifies one mechanism that potentially explains this effect—the appraisal of self-other similarity. The findings of this research thus provide empirical evidence that distinct emotions arising from an organizational setting can differentially influence moral hypocrisy and offer practical implications. JEL Classification: C91, D23, D91

Gendered violence and the self

2018 ◽  
pp. 79-112
Author(s):  
Suzanne Franzway ◽  
Nicole Moulding ◽  
Sarah Wendt ◽  
Carole Zufferey ◽  
Donna Chung
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
The Self ◽  
Emotional Impact ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Gendered Violence ◽  
Explanatory Concept

This chapter is devoted to questions about why intimate partner violence is understood in terms of its psychological impact on individual women. It suggests alternative ways that the serious psychological and emotional impact of intimate partner violence might be understood and addressed so that policy and practice may be more beneficial. The notion of coercive control has become an important explanatory concept, exposing how intimate partner violence is almost always experienced as repeated, patterned violence, intimidation, isolation, and fear. This chapter shows how gendered discourses, practices, and power relations that are embedded in domestic violence erode women's sense of themselves as persons, and hence their capabilities to exercise their citizenship.

Building a Technoself

2013 ◽  
pp. 592-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gail F. Melson
Keyword(s):  
Family Background ◽  
Prior Experience ◽  
The Self ◽  
Developmental Perspective ◽  
Developmental Level ◽  
Technological Object ◽  
Robot Technology ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Object Relationship ◽  
Personal Robot

This chapter focuses on how the technoself develops in children through relationships with a “personal” robot technology, robotic pets, especially the robotic dog AIBO. Drawing on studies of children and AIBO as well as similar robotic technologies, I examine children’s ideas about and behaviors toward such robotic pets in order to describe three domains of the technoself: (1) ideas about the robot (the technological object); (2) ideas about the child’s relationship with the robot; and (3) ideas about the self-in-relationship with the robot. A dynamic developmental perspective is applied to each of the three domains of cognition and behavior—technological object, relationship, and self-in-relationship-- that make up the technoself. This perspective asks how variability in child characteristics, such as developmental level, gender, temperament, personality or intelligence; in contextual factors, such as family background or prior experience with other technologies; and in robotic pets themselves predict these three aspects of the technoself.

What's Positive About Self-Verification?

2009 ◽  
pp. 464-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca J. North ◽  
William B. Swann
Keyword(s):  
Physical Health ◽  
Positive Feedback ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Self ◽  
Adaptive Process ◽  
Relationship Partners ◽  
Verification Process ◽  
Underlying Processes ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Shed Light

Self-verification theory assumes that people work to preserve their self-views by seeking to confirm them. As is the case with other processes advocated by positive psychology, self-verification is presumed to be a fundamentally adaptive process. Intrapsychically, self-verification strivings maintain psychological coherence, reduce anxiety, improve physical health, and may foster authenticity. Interpersonally, they encourage people to gravitate toward honest relationship partners, foster trust and intimacy in relationships, and ensure predictability in one's behavior, which further promotes trust. Although self-verification is adaptive overall, it may lead to the perpetuation of negative self-views. Nevertheless, identifying the underlying processes in self-verification may lend insight into how to raise self-esteem. It is posited that to help raise the self-esteem of someone with a negative self-view, one should first provide the person with self-verification and subsequently provide positive feedback that challenges the negative self-views. In these and other instances, understanding the self-verification process more deeply may also shed light on how to define and build happiness.

‘Maybe I’ll make something with it’: Comics as alternative sex education

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Boer
Keyword(s):  
Sex Education ◽  
Community Building ◽  
The Self ◽  
Emotional Impact ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Educational Value ◽  
Graphic Medicine ◽  
Teacher Student ◽  
Look Back ◽  
Sex And Sexuality

This article discusses how the comics form is peculiarly suited to deliver affecting, inclusive sex education. Through analysing the comics anthologies Not Your Mother’s Meatloaf, compiled by Saiya Miller and Liza Bley, and Graphic Reproduction, edited by Jenell Johnson as part of the Graphic Medicine series, this article addresses several specific ways in which these anthologies ‐ and the autobiographical comics they include ‐ demonstrate unconventional and effecting methods of conducting sex education. Comparing these collections to sex education film shows how comics are particularly suited to this goal. These comics anthologies demonstrate the importance of inclusive community-building as a central project of sex education, as well as the need to challenge the teacher‐student methodology. Specific comics within these anthologies by Eli Brown and Paula Knight demonstrate how comics allow for radical expressions of how bodies relate to sex and sexuality. Other comics, including those by Alison Bechdel and Alex Barrett, reveal how the pauses and ambiguities fostered by comics heighten their emotional impact and educational value. The overarching power of these narrative comics comes from the self-awareness of the form itself, especially the vulnerability of drawing oneself in relation to sexual experiences. This article concludes that these distinct characteristics of comics allow both a healthy way for creators to look back on their own experiences with sex and, in turn, encourage readers to effectively learn from these depicted experiences.

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