A cross-cultural analysis of the relations of physical and relational aggression with peer victimization

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellyn Charlotte Bass ◽  
Lina Saldarriaga ◽  
Josafa Cunha ◽  
Bin-Bin Chen ◽  
Jonathan Bruce Santo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peer Victimization ◽  
Relational Aggression ◽  
Physical Aggression ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Peer Groups ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
National Differences ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cross National

To better address the many consequences of peer victimization, research must identify not only aspects of individuals that put them at risk for victimization, such as aggression, but also aspects of the context that influence the extent of that risk. To this end, this study examined the contextual influences of gender, same-sex peer group norms of physical and relational aggression, and nationality on the associations of physical and relational aggression with peer victimization in early adolescents from Canada, China, Brazil, and Colombia ( N = 865; Mage = 11.01, SD = 1.24; 55% boys). Structural equation modeling was used to test for measurement invariance of the latent constructs. Multilevel modeling revealed that both forms of aggression were positive predictors of peer victimization, but physical aggression was a stronger predictor for girls than boys. Cross-national differences emerged in levels of peer victimization, such that levels were highest in Brazil and lowest in Colombia. Cross-national differences were also evidenced in the relationship between relational aggression and victimization: the relationship was positive in China, Brazil, and Canada (listed in descending order of magnitude), but negative in Colombia. Above and beyond the cross-national differences, physical aggression was a stronger predictor of victimization in peer groups low in physical aggression, and relational aggression was a stronger predictor in peer groups low in relational aggression. Ultimately, this research is intended to contribute to a better theoretical understanding of risk factors for peer victimization and the development of more effective and culturally-appropriate prevention and intervention efforts.

Unpacking the misfit effect: Exploring the influence of gender and social norms on the association between aggression and peer victimization

2021 ◽  
pp. 016502542199286
Author(s):  
Ellyn Charlotte Bass ◽  
Lina Maria Saldarriaga ◽  
Ana Maria Velasquez ◽  
Jonathan B. Santo ◽  
William M. Bukowski
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Peer Victimization ◽  
Relational Aggression ◽  
Peer Relationships ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Peer Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Social Regulation ◽  
Adolescent Peer Groups

Social norms are vital for the functioning of adolescent peer groups; they can protect the well-being of groups and individual members, often by deterring harmful behaviors, such as aggression, through enforcement mechanisms like peer victimization; in adolescent peer groups, those who violate aggression norms are often subject to victimization. However, adolescents are nested within several levels of peer group contexts, ranging from small proximal groups, to larger distal groups, and social norms operate within each. This study assessed whether there are differences in the enforcement of aggression norms at different levels. Self-report and peer-nomination data were collected four times over the course of a school year from 1,454 early adolescents ( M age = 10.27; 53.9% boys) from Bogota, Colombia. Multilevel modeling provided support for social regulation of both physical aggression and relational aggression via peer victimization, as a function of gender, grade-level, proximal (friend) or distal (class) injunctive norms of aggression (perceptions of group-level attitudes), and descriptive norms of aggression. Overall, violation of proximal norms appears to be more powerfully enforced by adolescent peer groups. The findings are framed within an ecological systems theory of adolescent peer relationships.

Contextual influences on the relations between physical and relational aggression and peer victimization

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Bruce Santo ◽  
Ellyn Charlotte Bass ◽  
Luz Stella-Lopez ◽  
William M. Bukowski
Keyword(s):  
Peer Victimization ◽  
Relational Aggression ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Gender Composition ◽  
Contextual Influences ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Relationally Aggressive ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Practical Implications

Previous studies have demonstrated that several contextual factors influence the relationship between aggression and peer victimization in early adolescence, including gender of the same-sex peer group and gender composition of the school. The current study replicated and expanded on this research by examining the moderating influences of gender of the same-sex peer group, same-sex peer group norms, and classroom gender composition in a sample of early adolescents from Barranquilla, Colombia. Multilevel modeling analyses indicated that both relational and physical aggression were positive predictors of peer victimization. Relationally aggressive girls were at a lower risk for victimization while physically aggressive girls were at a higher risk. Relational aggression was a weaker predictor in classes with a larger proportion of girls. Additionally, relational aggression was a weaker predictor in same-sex peer groups with a greater prevalence of relational aggression. These findings provide further evidence of multiple forms of contextual influence on social behavior. Practical implications for these findings are also provided.

Trust, Perceived Benefit, and Purchase Intention in C2C E-Commerce

2021 ◽  
pp. 1313-1338
Author(s):  
Shukuan Zhao ◽  
Yiwen Fang ◽  
Weiyong Zhang ◽  
Hong Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Purchase Intentions ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Perceived Benefit ◽  
The Relationship

It is a class research question about how trust and perceived benefit affect consumers' purchase intentions. This research examines the relationship in a very different context: consumer-to-consumer (C2C) e-commerce in China. Specifically, this research empirically assesses the differences in effect size due to the change of context. First, a theoretical model linking trust, perceived benefit, and their antecedents to purchase intention is developed upon the literature. Then the model is evaluated using empirical data collected at Taobao, the largest C2C e-commerce website in China. Partial least squares based structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) results strongly support the model and research hypotheses. A developing country context can indeed affect the strength of effect. These results contribute to the literature in that they provide new insights toward a more in-depth theoretical understanding. Meanwhile, they can also provide useful guidance for managers.

scholarly journals Hubungan antara Penerimaan Kelompok Teman Sebaya dengan Konsep Diri pada Remaja Panti Asuhan di Kabupaten Badung, Bali

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Gusti Agung Tri Santiari ◽  
David Hizkia Tobing
Keyword(s):  
Peer Group ◽  
Peer Groups ◽  
Reliability Coefficient ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Acceptance Scale ◽  
Adolescent Peer Groups ◽  
Individual Self ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Group Acceptance

Self concept is a reflection of the judgement of others (Charles Cooley, in Watson, Borlall-Tregerthan, & Frank, 1984). The formation of individual self concept is influenced by several factors, one of which is peers in adolescence is a very important figure for indiciduals. Not all teens get through phase of adolescence his parents. There are some situations that cause adolescent should live apart from their parents, by staying at the orphanage institution for example. This different conditions will certainly affect the processes occurring friendship with the adolescent peer groups which will certainly affect the formation of self concept. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between peer group acceptance of the self concept in adolescents orphanage in the District Badung, Bali.Subjects in this study were 170 adolescents (girls=101, boys=69) who lived in the orphanage which is in the District Badung-Bali. The instrument of this research are self concept and peer group acceptance scale. Self concept scale consisted of 30 item with a reliability coefficient of 0,875. Peer group acceptance scale consisted of 21 item with a reliability coefficient of 0,873.Product moment correlation analysis result showed the correlation of 0,719 with a significance level of 0,000 (p<0,05), which means that there is a significant and positive relationship between peer group acceptance and self concept in adolescents orphanage in the District Badung, Bali. The higher the intensity of the peer group acceptance, the more positive self concept in adolescents orphanage in the District Badung, Bali.Keywords : Self Concept, Peer Group Acceptance, Adolescenct, Orphanage.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Peer Group Terhadap Adopsi Inovasi Aplikasi Tiktok

Koneksi ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Kevinezra Simohartono ◽  
Rezi Erdiansyah ◽  
Sudarto Sudarto
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Diffusion Theory ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Peer Groups ◽  
Innovation Adoption ◽  
Test Reliability ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Analysis Methodology

This study discusses how to change from Peer Groups (peers) to the Tiktok application that was developed through the innovation diffusion attribute. Peer groups as recipients of communication receive a significant positive in delivering messages to prospective adopters of the level of peer achievement. The phenomenon of the spread of marketing through peers in the field of communication technology has not been widely used at this time, so this phenomenon is interesting to discuss. The theory used by researchers is the diffusion theory of innovation, peer groups, and new media. This research uses quantitative analysis methodology for structural equation modeling and is processed using smart pls. The number of respondents used in this study was 100 people. Data analysis uses the validity test, reliability test, multicollinearity test. In this study, it was found that the peer group did not directly support the level of innovation adoption, but had indirect support which was moderated by the diffusion attributes of innovation namely compatibility and relative advantages.Penelitian ini membahas tentang bagaimana pengaruh peer group(teman sebaya) terhadap difusi inovasi aplikasi Tiktok melalui atribut difusi inovasi. Peer Groupsebagai saluran komunikasi dianggap memiliki pengaruh positif yang signifikan dalam menyampaikan pesan inovasi kepada calon adopter karena tingginya tingkat kepercayaan teman sebaya. Fenomena penyebaran marketing melalui teman sebaya dalam bidang teknologi komunikasi belum banyak digunakan pada saat ini. Oleh karena itu, fenomena ini menarik untuk dibahas. Teori yang digunakan peneliti adalah teori difusi inovasi, peer group, dan media baru. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode teknik analisis jalur structural equation modelingdan diolah menggunakan smartpls. Jumlah responden yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 100 orang. Analisis data menggunakan uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, uji multikolinearitas. Dalam penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa peer grouptidak berpengaruh langsung dengan tingkat adopsi inovasi, tetapi memiliki pengaruh tidak langsung yang dimoderasi oleh atribut difusi inovasi yaitu kompatibilitas dan keuntungan relative.

scholarly journals Does Education Matter for the Relationship between Healthcare Use for Serious Health Problems and Well-being? A Study in 24 Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1136-1150
Author(s):  
Rania F. Valeeva
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Healthcare Use ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
National Differences ◽  
Multiple Regression Models ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cross National

Previous research has shown that the well-being of people in Western societies varies consistently. To understand these differences, we focus on the relationship between healthcare use and well-being, since previous research has shown that poor health and lack of social support reduce well-being. Based on the findings of the previous research, we hypothesize that there is a positive relationship between healthcare use and well-being, and that the strength of this relationship increases with the years of schooling. We tested these hypotheses in 24 countries using data (N = 40,249) from the European Social Survey. The data were analyzed using hierarchical multiple regression models. Our results indicate cross-national differences in the relationship between healthcare use for serious health problems and well-being. Moreover, they suggest that the extent of education matters for this relationship, however its influence differs across countries. Further research is needed to explain these cross-national differences.

scholarly journals Peer Group Cohesion and Prosocial Behavior

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wouter van den Bos ◽  
Eveline Crone ◽  
Berna Güroğlu
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Relational Aggression ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Generalized Trust ◽  
School Class ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship

Adolescence is a key period of social development at the end of which individuals are expected to take on adult social roles. The school class, as the most salient peer group, becomes the prime environment that impacts social development during adolescence. Using social network analyses, we investigated how individual and group level features are related to prosocial and social captial (generalized trust). We mapped the social networks within 22 classrooms (N=611) of adolescents aged between 12 and 18 years, and collected data on social behaviors towards peers. Our results indicate that individuals with high centrality show both higher levels of prosocial behavior and relational aggression. Importantly, greater social cohesion was associated with (1) reduced levels of antisocial behavior towards peers and (2) increased generalized trust. These results provide novel insights in the relationship between social structure and social behavior, and stress the importance of the school environment in the development of not only intellectual but also social capital.

Physical and Verbal Aggression in Peer Groups Among Finnish Adolescent Boys and Girls

1989 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maijaliisa Rauste-von Wright
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Physical Aggression ◽  
Aggressive Behaviour ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Peer Groups ◽  
Verbal Aggression ◽  
Adolescent Boys ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Internal Conflicts ◽  
Perceived Reasons

A total of 396 15-16-year-old boys and girls were interviewed about their experiences of physical and verbal aggression in their peer group, the circumstances in which aggression had occurred, the perceived reasons for and functions of the aggressive behaviour, and their own responses to it. Clear-cut sex differences were found in most respects, especially in the case of physical aggression. It was assumed that girls experience more internal conflicts than boys in relation to the expression/inhibition of aggression, and that they hence analyse the function of aggressive behaviour in a more differentiated manner than boys do. The results were consistent with this assumption. The subjects were also asked how they would respond to (specified) frustrating situations. Aggressive modes of coping were associated with (self-reported) participation in peer-group fights, aggressive responses to such fights and to verbal aggression, and with the belief that aggressive actions are valued by peers.

Youth’s Expectations for Their Teacher’s Handling of Peer Victimization and Their Socioemotional Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy Troop-Gordon ◽  
Alexander K. Kaeppler ◽  
Darcy J. Corbitt-Hall
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Peer Victimization ◽  
Relational Aggression ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Physical Aggression ◽  
Socioemotional Development ◽  
Potential Importance ◽  
Children’S Expectations ◽  
Over Time

Evidence suggests that children’s expectations for how their teacher responds to students’ aggression moderate concurrent links between peer victimization and adjustment. This study extends this work by examining these associations longitudinally. Youth ( N = 366; 196 girls; [Formula: see text]) reported on their teacher’s use of five responses to peer victimization, two reflecting active intervention and three reflecting passive responses. Physical aggression, relational aggression, prosocial behavior, depressive symptoms, and anxiety were measured over two school years. Perceiving the teacher as contacting parents or separating students buffered the link between victimization and emotional maladjustment. Perceiving the teacher as advising independent coping or avoidance amplified links between victimization and behavioral problems. Some of these associations were sustained or emerged over time. These results underscore the potential importance of children’s perceptions of their teachers’ responses with peer victimization to their socioemotional development in early adolescence.

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