Community Violence and Young South African Children's Involvement in Aggression

1994 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 613-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Liddell ◽  
Jane Kvalsvig ◽  
Pumla Qotyana ◽  
Agnes Shabalala
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Predictive Model ◽  
South African ◽  
Community Violence ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Aggressive Behaviour ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
African Children

Five-year-old children from four different communities in South Africa were observed during their everyday patterns of play and social participation. The communities differed in terms of the levels of community violence that researchers encountered during two years of data collection. The results indicated that children from more violent communities were significantly more likely to be involved in aggressive episodes, and that this was particularly so in cases where children had more contact with older boys and men. The predictive model for involvement in aggression, as developed in this study, illustrates the importance of combining demographic variables with variables pertaining to children's actual behaviour. The results are also discussed in terms of their implications for young South African children; although growing up in violent communities is associated with greater involvement in aggressive behaviour, the degree to which this can be considered seriously pathological is called into question by some of the results.

An Observational Study of 5-year-old South African Children in the Year Before School

1993 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Liddell ◽  
Jane Kvalsvig ◽  
Nina Strydom ◽  
Pumla Qotyana ◽  
Agnes Shabalala
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Black South African ◽  
African Children ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
American Children ◽  
Before School ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
South African Children

This paper presents data from an observational investigation of 80 African children growing up at home in the year before school. Data cover aspects of social interaction, language use, activity patterns, and object utilisation. Gender differences are examined, and results are compared with those from observational studies of Euro-American children of similar age. These data provide baseline data on black South African children, about whom relatively little has been published, and offers insight into the everyday lives of preschool-aged children from the developing world.

scholarly journals Perceptions of the South African 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Birth to 5 Years: A Qualitative Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Catherine E. Draper ◽  
Takana M. Silubonde ◽  
Gudani Mukoma ◽  
Esther M.F. van Sluijs
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
South African ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation ◽  
The South ◽  
Community Based ◽  
African Children ◽  
Health And Development ◽  
South African Children

Background: South Africa launched 24-hour movement guidelines for birth to 5 years in 2018. Perceptions of these guidelines were assessed as part of the dissemination process with community-based organizations in 2019. Methods: Fifteen dissemination workshops were held with community-based organization representatives and a range of stakeholders. Discussions were held with workshop attendees (n = 281) to obtain qualitative feedback on the guidelines and workshop. Six follow-up focus groups (n = 28) were conducted to obtain additional feedback on the guidelines and their dissemination. Discussions and focus groups were thematically analyzed. Results: Participants recognized the importance of the guidelines for the health and development of young South African children. Participants’ perceptions of the guidelines were consistently positive. The participants acknowledged the alignment of the guidelines with other South African programs and initiatives, and that they addressed gaps. Screen time and sleep were identified as the behaviors needing particular attention among young South African children. The negative impact of COVID-19 on young children’s movement behaviors was acknowledged, especially regarding screen time. Conclusion: These findings provide evidence of stakeholders’ positive perceptions of the South African guidelines and support the dissemination and implementation of these guidelines for the promotion of early childhood health and development in South Africa.

scholarly journals Beliefs of grade six learners’ regarding adolescent pregnancy and sex

Curationis ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Grobler ◽  
Y. Botma ◽  
A.C. Jacobs ◽  
M. Nel
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Adolescent Pregnancy ◽  
South African ◽  
Black Adolescents ◽  
Subjective Norm ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
The Individual

Escalating adolescent pregnancy and risky sexual behaviour is becoming more common amongst young adolescents and especially amongst black adolescents in South Africa. Statistics confirm that South African adolescents as young as fourteen are already sexually active and become pregnant. The decision to become sexually active with resulting adolescent pregnancy whether planned or not, are directly influenced by the teenager’s beliefs. A person’s beliefs consist of a person’ own individual beliefs or attitude as well as what the individual subjective norm which the individual perceive as other people’s beliefs regarding the same object of reason. The aim of the study was to describe the attitude of black grade six learners under the age of fourteen, towards adolescent pregnancy and sex. A quantitative descriptive research design was used. Results were clustered according to demographic variables as well as beliefs that consist of attitude and subjective norm.

scholarly journals People with Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures: A South African perspective

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chrisma Pretorius ◽  
Gretha Cronje
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Treatment Delivery ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
African Perspective

Background: Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) is a disabling disorder which has a negative effect on the quality of life of individuals with PNES. A clear understanding of the disorder is necessary, however, to date, research about PNES in South Africa is limited.Objectives: The aims of this study were to explore the demographic variables of individuals with PNES in South Africa, to review the available body of research on PNES, and to compare it with our results.Method: Twenty-two people with PNES, with confirmed video EEG, were recruited by means of convenience sampling from two hospitals. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the demographic variables of the participants.Results: Internationally comparable results revealed misdiagnoses and low treatment delivery amongst a primarily female population.Conclusion: This study provided greater insight into individuals with PNES in South Africa, highlighting the need for more information, support, effective treatment and accurate diagnosis of PNES.

Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms as a Mediating Factor on the Effects of Exposure to Community Violence Among Children in Cape Town, South Africa

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 786-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Shields ◽  
Kathy Nadasen ◽  
Lois Pierce
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
South African ◽  
Community Violence ◽  
Violent Behavior ◽  
Exposure To Violence ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Past ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Mediating Factor

Research conducted over the past 20 years has linked exposure to violence to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in children both in the United States and South Africa, but very little research has investigated PTSD as a mediating variable between exposure to violence and other problems. The purpose of the current research was to determine if PTSD acts as a mediating variable between exposure to violence and depression, and exposure to violence and aggressive and violent behavior at school among a sample of 247 South African children. Regression analysis suggested that PTSD mediated the effects of exposure to violence on depression, whereas the effect of exposure to violence on aggression and violent behavior was only direct. The findings are discussed in terms of their implications for intervention and treatment.

scholarly journals The Precariatization of Zimbabwean Engineers in South Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Splagchna Ngoni Chikarara
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
South African ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Engineering Profession ◽  
South African Universities ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Relevant Work

This paper discusses how occupational closure of the engineering profession in South Africa left Zimbabwean migrant engineers amongst the precariat ranks. It aims to answer the following research question: what is the nature of precariousness experienced by immigrant engineers in South Africa. An exploratory study of the experiences of Zimbabwean engineers is used test out Standing’s (2011) notion of the precariat as an emerging social class. Semi-structured and group interviews were used as data collection tools. The findings reveal that bureaucratic challenges in obtaining relevant work permits from the department of Home Affairs, South African universities’ reluctance to acknowledge Zimbabwean qualifications at par with local qualifications as well as a host of insecurities in the workplace left migrant engineers in precariat ranks.  

scholarly journals CASE STUDY NARRATIVE ACCOUNTS OF GENDER AND SEXUAL ORIENTATION IN YOUNG BLACK WOMEN FROM AN EASTERN CAPE TOWNSHIP IN SOUTH AFRICA

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mzikazi Nduna
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Black Women ◽  
South African ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Social Environments ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Culturally Competent ◽  
Young Black Women ◽  
Personal Accounts

In South Africa, the experiences of gender non-conforming young women, as a population separate from adults, are understudied. This article explores what distresses young gender non-conforming females from a South African township. The challenges facing such women growing up in a township in the Eastern Cape province in South Africa are discussed and illuminated through case studies of participants’ personal accounts. The sample was obtained through snowballing. One-on-one in-depth interviews were held and subjected to domain analysis. Domains discovered were: pressure to conform to a female gender identity to be like a lady; being misunderstood in their communities; and disapproval from peers, family and other members of society. The challenges young, black, gender non-conforming girls faced in growing up were based on familial, personal and social factors. Familial and social environments, such as the school, seemed to have a policing effect. Concerns about being isolated, ousted and alienated from society resulted in perceptions that their homes and schools were unsafe and insecure environments. Education and culturally competent support services are needed to educate families about the importance of offering protective support to adolescents, and for schools to create a comfortable environment for gender non-conforming female learners.

scholarly journals Financial Socialisation of Accounting Students in South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 01-15
Author(s):  
Bomi Nomlala
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
South African ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Financial Education ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Accounting Students ◽  
Financial Decisions ◽  
Modelling Methodology

The purpose of the study is aimed at determining the financial socialisation of accounting students at South African universities and the factors that influence financial socialisation. The research used statistical techniques such as the structural equation modelling methodology to identify financial socialisation influencers and regression analysis to analyse associations between financial socialisation and socio-demographic variables among 1582 students. The study's results indicate that financial socialisation agents such as relatives, friends, and social media have little impact on most students' financial decisions. The majority of accounting students are often found to be financially socialised by their immediate family members rather than peers or social media factors. The regression analysis results confirmed this observation, revealing a statistically significant association between the parents' level of education and the students' financial socialisation. This study recommends that financial socialisation can be greatly improved by raising parents' educational levels and instilling financial education in university students' curricula, especially in South Africa.

scholarly journals A comparison of South African and German extrinsic and intrinsic motivation

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Snelgar ◽  
Stacy A. Shelton ◽  
Anne Giesser
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Intrinsic Motivation ◽  
South African ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Revealed Preferences ◽  
Dimensional Measure ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Different Cultures

Background: Various researchers have identified a trend of individuals shifting their preference from extrinsic to intrinsic motivation. The authors aimed to research this phenomenon specifically within the context of two different cultures as to date, this had not been done. This research explored the differing levels of extrinsic and intrinsic motivation in Germans and South Africans.Aim: The main objective of this study was to investigate similarities and differences concerning extrinsic and intrinsic motivation in the workplace between German and South African cultures by examining individuals with working experience and tertiary education specifically. In addition, the research investigated differences in the motivation of respondents with regard to demographics such as gender, age and income.Setting: The setting took place in South Africa and Germany.Methods: In the study, exploratory factor analysis was utilised to prove validity of Cinar, Bektas and Aslan’s two-dimensional measure of extrinsic and intrinsic motivation. Moreover, analysis of variance and t-tests were used to show differences among demographic variables. Descriptive statistics such as means, central tendency and Cronbach’s alpha were also utilised.Results: The results revealed preferences for intrinsic motivational factors for the whole sample with higher levels of intrinsic motivation for the South African respondents compared to German respondents. Demographic characteristics played a minor role in determining levels of intrinsic motivation within individuals. Culture, however, played the biggest role in determining one’s levels of intrinsic or extrinsic motivation.Conclusion: These findings play an important role in explaining differences in motivation between the two countries Germany and South Africa. It highlights the important role that cultural differences play in shaping one’s form of motivation.

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