Exploring the characteristics of crowdsourcing: An online observational study

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harpreet Bassi ◽  
Christopher J Lee ◽  
Laura Misener ◽  
Andrew M Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Research Studies

This article examines the application of crowdsourcing in research studies. The aim of this study is to understand how crowdsourcing is being used in research by undertaking a content analysis of studies posted to an online site designed to facilitate crowdsourced research. While there are a number of websites that facilitate crowdsourcing, this study provides an analysis only of research studies posted on crowdcrafting.org . Characteristics of crowdsourcing, proposed by Estellés-Arolas and González-Ladrón-de-Guevara, served as the framework for the content analysis, and research projects were evaluated as to how they addressed each of the proposed criteria. This article concludes with recommendations for researchers undertaking the design and implementation of projects employing crowdsourcing.

scholarly journals A Content Analysis of Public Policy Design and Implementation in Slovenia: Weighing Strategic and Normative Factors

2021 ◽  
pp. 70-88
Author(s):  
Žiga KOTNIK ◽  
Dalibor STANIMIROVIĆ
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Policy Design ◽  
Policy Cycle ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Public ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Strategic Factors ◽  
Normative Factors

"Policy processes are complex systems and require an in-depth and comprehensive analysis. Especially, factors that affect public policy design and implementation, as two important stages of the public policy cycle, have not been sufficiently explored. The aim of the paper is to analyze the relationship between two critical factors that influence the design and implementation of public policies in the case of Slovenia, namely strategic factors and normative factors, and offer a basis for comparison with similar countries. Based on twenty-two structured interviews with prominent public policy experts in Slovenia and content analysis of the responses, the findings reveal that, although strategic factors are identified by the interviewees as the most critical, the role of normative factors is also important and should not be underestimated. For various reasons, in practice, normative factors often turn out to be crucial."

Evaluating and improving the contributions of university research to social innovation

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian M. Belcher ◽  
Rachel Claus ◽  
Rachel Davel ◽  
Stephanie M. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Research Evaluation ◽  
Outcome Evaluation ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Theory Of Change ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Training And Support

Purpose The purpose of this study is to assess the contributions of graduate research to social innovation and change for learning and improved transdisciplinary practice. Universities, as centers of teaching and research, face high demand from society to address urgent social and environmental challenges. Faculty and students are keen to use their research to contribute to social innovation and sustainable development. As part of the effort to increase societal impact, research approaches are evolving to be more problem-oriented, engaged and transdisciplinary. Therefore, new approaches to research evaluation are also needed to learn whether and how research contributes to social innovation, and those lessons need to be applied by universities to train and support students to do impactful research and foster an impact culture. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses a theory-based evaluation method to assess the contributions of three completed doctoral research projects. Each study documents the project’s theory of change (ToC) and uses qualitative data (document review, surveys and interviews) to test the ToC. This paper uses a transdisciplinary research (TDR) quality assessment framework (QAF) to analyze each projects’ design and implementation. This paper then draws lessons from the individual case studies and a comparative analysis of the three cases on, namely, effective research design and implementation for social transformation; and training and support for impactful research. Findings Each project aimed to influence government policy, organizational practice, other research and/or the students’ own professional development. All contributed to many of their intended outcomes, but with varying levels of accomplishment. Projects that were more transdisciplinary had more pronounced outcomes. Process contributions (e.g. capacity-building, relationship-building and empowerment) were as or more important than knowledge contributions. The key recommendations are for: researchers to design intentional research, with an explicit ToC; higher education institutions (HEI) to provide training and support for TDR theory and practice; and HEIs to give more attention to research evaluation. Originality/value This is the first application of both the outcome evaluation method and the TDR QAF to graduate student research projects, and one of very few such analyses of research projects. It offers a broader framework for conceptualizing and evaluating research contributions to social change processes. It is intended to stimulate new thinking about research aims, approaches and achievements.

15. Working with Documents

2019 ◽  
pp. 291-310
Author(s):  
Tom Clark ◽  
Liam Foster ◽  
Alan Bryman
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Student Research ◽  
Documentary Data ◽  
Practical Guide

Although much of the data used in social science dissertation projects is produced by interviews, surveys, and participant observation, there are other forms of data that can be used for the purposes of social science. This chapter explores some of this ‘documentary’ data and how to use it for the purposes of research. Documentary forms of data have some significant advantages that make them particularly useful for student research projects. This does not mean that they are without problems, but the chapter provides a practical guide for those who are prepared to look beyond familiar horizons. It makes the case for using documents; explores what can be included under the broad heading of documents; and introduces both quantitative and qualitative content analysis as a means to analyse documents.

Legal and Sharīʿah non-compliance risks in Nigerian Islamic finance industry: a review of the literature

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zakariya Mustapha ◽  
Sherin Binti Kunhibava ◽  
Aishath Muneeza
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Financial Institution ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Forward Direction ◽  
Islamic Finance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Finance Industry ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Research Studies

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to review the literature on Islamic finance vis-à-vis legal and Sharīʿah non-compliance risks in its transactions and judicial dispute resolution in Nigeria. This is with a view to putting forward direction for future studies on the duo of legal and Sharīʿah non-compliance risks and their impact in Islamic finance. Design/methodology/approach This review is designed as an exploratory study and qualitative methodology is used in examining relevant literature comprising of primary and secondary data while identifying legal risk and Sharīʿah non-compliance risks of Nigeria’s Islamic finance industry. Using the doctrinal approach together with content analysis, relevant Nigerian laws and judicial precedents applicable to Islamic finance practice and related publications were examined in determining the identified risks. Findings Undeveloped laws, the uncertainty of Sharīʿah governance and enforceability issues are identified as legal gaps for Islamic finance under the Nigerian legal system. The gaps are inimical to and undermine investor confidence in Nigeria’s Islamic finance industry. The review reveals the necessity of tailor-made Sharīʿah-based regulations in addition to corresponding governance and oversight for a legally safe and Sharīʿah-compliant Islamic finance practice. It brings to light the imperative for mitigating the legal and Sharīʿah non-compliance risks associated with Islamic finance operations as crucial for Islamic finance businesses, Islamic finance institutions and their sustainable development. Research limitations/implications Based on content analysis, the review is wholly doctrinal and does not involve empirical data. Legal safety and Sharīʿah compliance are not to be compromised in Islamic finance operations. The review would assist relevant regulators and investors in Islamic financial enterprises to understand and determine the impact and potential ramifications of legal safety and Sharīʿah non-compliance on Islamic Finance Institutions. Practical implications This study provides an insight into the dimensions and ramifications of legal and Sharīʿah non-compliance risks of Nigeria’s Islamic finance industry. This study is premised on the imperative for research studies whose outcome would inform regulations that strike a balance between establishing Islamic financial institution/business and ensuring legal certainty and Sharīʿah compliance of their operations. This study paves way for this kind of research studies. Originality/value The findings and discussions provide a guide for regulators and researchers on the identification and mitigation of legal and Sharīʿah non-compliance risks in Islamic finance via a literature review. This study, the first of its kind in Nigeria, advances the idea that research into legal and Sharīʿah non-compliance risks of Islamic financial entities is key to mitigating the risks and fostering the entities and their businesses.

Learning From Practice About Improving the Quality of Mathematics Teacher Research

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy M. Smith ◽  
Ruth M. Heaton
Keyword(s):  
Mathematics Teachers ◽  
Teaching Practices ◽  
Teacher Research ◽  
Teacher Educators ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Culminating Project ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Analyze Data

Teachers who continually engage in cycles of research may be characterized as having a stance of inquiry: They continually reflect on their past teaching, ask themselves questions to problematize their current practices, and collect and analyze data to inform future teaching practices. We guided 154 mathematics teachers, distributed across 6 cohorts, in conducting classroom research projects. Our purposes and expectations as teacher educators have become more clearly defined and articulated based on our reflections on 6 iterations of teacher research. Repeatedly, we have adjusted how we facilitated the design and implementation of the projects to improve the quality of teachers' research. Over time, we have come to understand teacher research as a way of helping teachers develop a stance of inquiry toward mathematical content, students' mathematical understandings, and productive mathematical teaching practices rather than as merely a culminating project for a master's degree.

Communication Stages and Public Issue Coverage

1988 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 71-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
James K. VanLeuven ◽  
Garrett W. Ray
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Pilot Test ◽  
Public Issue ◽  
Research Studies

Based on previous research studies of issue coverage by newspapers, this article sets forth a model of stages in the development of public issue coverage. The model describes five different stages in issue development and the nature of journalistic coverage at each stage. A content analysis pilot test on two issues generally supports the model, and the authors suggest how the model might be used as a guide by media gatekeepers.

scholarly journals Picture This! Reflecting on the Use of Posters as Expressions of PhD Research Projects

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-292
Author(s):  
Kate Rowlands ◽  
Christopher Rees ◽  
Hana Alsultan ◽  
Daniel Diaz ◽  
Francisca Alvarez Figueroa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Visual Representations ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Research Conference ◽  
Postgraduate Research ◽  
Intended Learning Outcomes ◽  
The University ◽  
University Of Manchester ◽  
Research Studies

The presentation of posters at scientific conferences to visually represent research projects is a widespread international practice. The main purpose of this paper is to offer reflections relating to posters as visual representations of research studies conducted by PhD candidates. As the basis for our reflections, we consider the main purposes and intended learning outcomes linked to posters and reflect on some of the design and assessment issues associated with the multi-faceted purposes of posters in contexts such as postgraduate research conferences. Notably, the paper includes a set of illustrative vignettes written by a group of PhD students from the Faculty of Humanities at the University of Manchester who were required to design and exhibit posters at an annually held postgraduate research conference. This reflexive dialogue raises a series of issues for consideration by those who are actively involved with the design, presentation, observation and assessment of posters produced by PhD candidates.

scholarly journals The Islamic Economics Studies as the Driving Force of Economic Stability Based on Indonesian Characteristic: Epistemology Perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
R Lukman Fauroni
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Economic Capital ◽  
Economic Stability ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Islamic Economic ◽  
Research Studies

This study aims to propose a scientific formula of Islamic economics that can foster growth and contribute to the national economy. This study is the result of research studies reinforced empirical data, using a content analysis with epistemological approaches. The study concluded, in epistemological, Islamic economic sciences can be developed with the inductive model-empirical character in Indonesia and its localities. This Formula has two advantages; First, can parse the economic problems of the nation simultaneously and continuously. Second, the character of Indonesia and its locality to converge with the power of social economic capital owned by the Indonesian nation. With the combination, the implementation of sharia economics can promote economic stability and accelerate the pace of its contribution to the national economy. 

Matching Technology, Organisation and Pedagogy in E-Learning

2011 ◽  
pp. 95-114
Author(s):  
Albert Sangrà ◽  
Lourdes Guàrdia ◽  
Pedro Fernández-Michels
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Strategic Plan ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Higher Education Institution ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Research Studies

This chapter presents the findings of an in-depth analysis through several qualitative research studies, pointing out the key issues in relation to succeeding in developing effective and sustainable institutional virtual campuses and E-Learning provision initiatives. An appropriate balance between the issues concerning technology, organisation and pedagogy, the TOP triangle model, is needed, although every higher education institution is different and develops its activity in a particular context. In addition, the design and implementation of a strategic plan for such initiatives is highly recommended.

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