Occupation and Divorce

1985 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
THEODORE N. GREENSTEIN
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Prestige ◽  
Marriage Education ◽  
Transport Equipment ◽  
Occupational Category ◽  
Social Surveys ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Female Workers ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
Males And Females

Analyses of the combined General Social Surveys for 1972-1983 are used to estimate propensity to divorce (proportion of ever-married persons who have ever been divorced or legally separated) for major occupational categories and for selected occupations. Separate analyses for males and females show significant estimated effects of occupation on propensity to divorce even when occupational prestige, age, age at first marriage, income, education, and number of children are statistically controlled. Contrary to the findings of previous studies, male professional and technical workers do not have the lowest propensity to divorce. Propensity to divorce for male professional and technical workers, when adjusted for income, occupational prestige, age, age at first marriage, education, and number of children, is higher than for any occupational category except transport equipment operatives. For female workers, on the other hand, professional and technical workers do have the lowest propensity to divorce among nonfarm workers.

Marriage and Fertility Patterns among Jordanians and Syrian Refugees in Jordan

2019 ◽  
pp. 259-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maia Sieverding ◽  
Nasma Berri ◽  
Sawsan Abdulrahim
Keyword(s):  
Total Fertility Rate ◽  
Fertility Rate ◽  
Syrian Refugees ◽  
Marriage Education ◽  
Marriage Age ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
High Selection ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Transition To Marriage

This chapter examines changes in marriage and fertility among Jordanians and Syrian refugees in Jordan. It finds considerable continuity in marriage practices among Jordanians from 2010 to 2016. Jordanians witnessed very modest increases in median age at first marriage. Education is the main factor associated with later ages at marriage and first birth among women. The cost of marriage among Jordanians has declined since 2010 and is unlikely to have contributed to trends in marriage age. Despite the small increase in age at first marriage, fertility declined among Jordanians from a total fertility rate of 3.9 in 2010 to 3.3 in 2016. Compared to the Jordanians, Syrian refugees experienced an earlier transition to marriage and a higher total fertility rate of 4.4 in 2016. The marriage and fertility patterns of Syrian refugees point to high selection on factors associated with earlier marriage and higher fertility.

MARRIAGE STRUCTURE AND CONTRACEPTION IN NIGER

1999 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
SARA ANN PETERSON
Keyword(s):  
Birth Control ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Intention To Use ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
Ideal Number ◽  
Marriage Structure

Analysis of the 1992 Niger Demographic and Health Survey showed that although roughly two-thirds of both polygamous and monogamous women approve of birth control, polygamous wives are less likely than monogamous wives to discuss family size or birth control with their husband or to plan on using birth control. The study suggests that characteristics of polygamous couples have caused polygamous women to be more resistant to birth control use than monogamous women. The polygamous women tended to be married to older men who had not gone to primary school and who desired more children than monogamous husbands. The influence of marital structure is not significantly associated with intention to use birth control when the husband's age and the wife's ideal number of children were controlled for in the multivariate logistic regression model suggesting that background social factors may be more influential. In fact, educational level and age at first marriage were significantly associated with attitudes towards birth control and also with marital structure.

scholarly journals Determinants of desire for more children among women in Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitiku Wale Muluneh ◽  
Yikeber Abebaw Moyehodie
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Odds Ratios ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
Catholic Religion ◽  
Ideal Number ◽  
Living Children

Abstract Background Desire for more children has an impact on couple’s fertility behaviors. It can be a precursor of actual fertility performance. However, the desire for more children is declining over time in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to identifying the determinants of the desire for more children among women in Ethiopia. Methods The 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey data were used for the analysis. The sample consisted of 15,683 women. The binary logistic regression model was used to assess the determinants of desire for more children among women in Ethiopia. The results are presented as crude odds ratios (COR) and adjusted odds ratios (AOR) together with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals. Results No education (having no formal education) (AOR = 1.85, 95% CI 1.61–2.13), attained primary education (AOR = 1.62, 95% CI 1.43–1.83), age at first marriage 10–19 years (AOR = 1.80, 95% CI 1.27–2.54), Orthodox religion (AOR = 1.48, 95% CI 1.01–2.19), Catholic religion (AOR = 2.15, 95% CI 1.17–3.97), Muslim religion (AOR = 1.70, 95% CI 1.15–2.50), living in Amhara (AOR = 1.45, 95% CI 1.18–1.78), Oromia (AOR = 2.10, 95% CI 1.73–2.54), Benishangul (AOR = 1.17, 95% CI 1.01–1.45), SNNPR (AOR = 1.30, 95% CI 1.05–1.60), Gambela (AOR = 1.25, 95% CI 1.02–1.57), Harari (AOR = 2.24, 95% CI 1.82–2.76), ideal number of children four or fewer (AOR = 0.47, 95% CI 0.42–0.53), number of living children four or fewer (AOR = 2.12, 95% CI 1.90–2.37), and not use of contraceptives (AOR = 1.51, 95% CI 1.35–1.68) were associated with a higher desire for more children. Conclusion This finding showed that the age of women, educational level, age at first marriage, religion, region, occupation, ideal number of children, number of living children, and use of contraceptives were significant determinants of desire for more children. Therefore, it is important to adopt programs to encourage the desire for more children, implement policies in an attempt to increase the total fertility rate in Ethiopia ought to critically consider these factors. Moreover, continuous education and knowledge on reproductive health will help for better fertility behaviour for the women.

scholarly journals Reproductive behaviour in women in Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 517-521
Author(s):  
T. Kazerooni ◽  
A. R. Talel ◽  
A. Sadeghi Hassanabadi ◽  
M. M. Arasteh ◽  
J. Saalabian
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Reproductive Behaviour ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Islamic Republic ◽  
Age At Menopause ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran ◽  
The Mean

Data on the reproductive behaviour of women in Shiraz are presented. A total of 9934 randomly selected women aged >/= 35 years of all socioeconomic levels were interviewed. The mean age at menarche +/- standard deviation was 13.96 +/- 1.23 years, mean age at first marriage was 17.10 +/- 4.24 years and mean age at first pregnancy was 19.50 +/- 3.90 years. The mean number of children was 4.56 +/- 1.70 children, although for illiterate women it was 6.76 +/- 1.76 children and for high-school or university-educated women it was 3.36 +/- 1.70 children. The mean age at menopause was 47.80 +/- 3.78 years

scholarly journals Marriage, Divorce, and Remarriage from Retrospective Data: A Multiregional Approach

1983 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 1633-1652 ◽  
Author(s):  
T J Espenshade
Keyword(s):  
Marital Status ◽  
Population Survey ◽  
Average Duration ◽  
Population Analysis ◽  
Retrospective Data ◽  
Never Married ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean

In this paper the author applies the framework of multiregional population analysis to marital status changes as revealed by longitudinal retrospective data on marital histories collected as part of the June 1975 Current Population Survey supplement. Four marital statuses are used: never married, presently married, divorced, and widowed. Marital status life tables are computed for three periods: 1960–1965, 1965–1970, and 1970–1975, and, for each period, differences between males and females and between whites and blacks are described. We examine the proportion of a life-table cohort ever marrying, the mean age at first marriage, the number of marriages per person marrying, the proportion of marriages ending in divorce, the average duration of a marriage (or a divorce, or a widowhood), and the like.

scholarly journals Ethnic Fertility Differentials in Pakistan

1996 ◽  
Vol 35 (4II) ◽  
pp. 733-744
Author(s):  
Ali Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Policy Formation ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
Demand For Children

Pakistan is a country facing relatively high rates of population growth due to high fertility and decline in mortality rates. This is not only depleting scarce resources but also contributing significantly to environmental degradation. It is, therefore, desirable to know; why fertility rates in Pakistan remain high despite the nationwide family planning coverage since 1965? The objective of this study, therefore, is to establish trends and patterns of fertility among different ethnic groups (on the basis of languages spoken) in Pakistan. The study also explores the major reasons for different fertility behaviour. This is because; there are variety of languages spoken throughout the country having distinct norms, traditions and other customs which directly or indirectly influence fertility and fertility related decisions. The study found that the Balochi or Brohi speaking women had the most children, Sindhi and Pushto speaking women are the women with the second highest fertility levels, Punjabis with the lowest and Urdu speaking almost matching them. The study attributes the high fertility levels among some ethnic groups to low level of education, lower age at first marriage, higher demand for children and greater value placed on number of children. It is also found that fertility levels are high among those ethnic groups who have little knowledge and less use of contraceptives. On the basis of findings, study provides guideline to policy-makers, planners and family planning personnel’s for policy formation to facilitate reduction of fertility in particular context and to target specific sub-groups of population.

scholarly journals Factors influencing desired number of children among Ethiopian women: Application of count regression models.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Habitu Liyew Molla ◽  
Essey Kebede Muluneh
Keyword(s):  
Family Size ◽  
Women's Education ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
Desired Family Size

Abstract Background: Desired family size, the number of children wanted in one’s lifetime, is one of the major factors influencing the population dynamics. Knowledge of factors influencing the desired family size is crucial in regulating the population growth. This study assesses the desired family size and its determinants among Ethiopian women. Methods: The study was based on the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) data. A total of 13,941 women with complete information were considered in the study. Count regression models, a family of generalized linear models, were used to identify determinant factors for the desired number of children among women in Ethiopia. Results: Results showed that the average number of children per women was 4.5. The highest average was recorded in Somali region (10.58) and the lowest in Addis Ababa city administration (3.56). The random intercept negative binomial regression model was found to be the most appropriate model for the data. Women’s age, household head, contraception using, wealth index, women’s education, religion, marital status, husband’s work, family size and age at first marriage were significantly associated with the desired number of children by women at reproductive age. The study also showed that there was significant regional variation in desired number of children among Ethiopian women. Conclusions: Variables such as women’s age and family size were positively associated with the desired number of children by women at reproductive age while age at first marriage, contraception using, wealth index and women’s education were negatively associated with the desired number of children by women. Women who attained higher level of education preferred small family size compared to women with no formal education. Desire for children was high among mothers from rural areas, women in the poorest economic level and woman having no work. Keywords: Desired number of children, statistical weight, EDHS, Count regression models, multilevel analysis.

scholarly journals STUDI JUMLAH ANAK YANG DIINGINKAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF MAKRO SOSIO-EKONOMI DI INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Sisilia Nurteta
Keyword(s):  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Income Per Capita ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Value Of Children ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Macro Variables

Having a lot of children requires costs for fulfilling clothes, food, health, education and entertainment needs. Nowadays, families put more consideration at the value of children in terms of quality, not just quantity. The value of children is related to the number of children desired that mainly influenced by micro-level factors in the household. Nevertheless, there are indications that macro socio-economic factors also influence the number of desired fertility. This study uses correlation analysis to see the relationship between the average number of wanted children and macro variables such as contraceptive use, human development index (HDI), income per capita, proportion of poor population, age of first marriage, expenditure per capita per year, and woman’s work participation. The results show that the variables of contraceptive use, HDI, percentage of poor people, expenditure per capita, and female labour participation rate are statistically proven to affect the average number of desired children, while the variable income per capita and age at first marriage are not statistically significant. This study argued that the number of desired children is not only influenced by household micro variables but also socio-economic macro variables.

scholarly journals FERTILITAS MENURUT ETNIS DI INDONESIA: ANALISIS DATA SENSUS PENDUDUK 2010

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mugia Bayu Raharja
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
Fertility Rate ◽  
Population Census ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
High Level

Indonesia is known as a country that has the largest ethnic groups in the world with 1,128 ethnic groups as reported on the 2010 Population Census. Ethnic diversity is one of the important factors that determine the amount and distribution of the population in Indonesia. This study aimed to determine variations and patterns of fertility by ethnic groups in Indonesia and its association with their socioeconomic characteristics. By using the 2010 Population Census raw data that obtained from the IPUMS website, this study calculated the average number of children born alive born to ever married women aged 15-49. The results show a relationship between fertility and ethnic groups. Among fifteen major ethnic groups analyzed in this study, Batak ethnic has the highest fertility rate followed by Acehnese and Bantenese, while ever married Maduranese women have the lowest fertility rate. The high level of fertility in some of the major ethnic groups in Indonesia is associated with the desire to have many children, the low age at first marriage of women, and the existed perception that those with many children would get higher social value. Low level of education and rural residential areas also contribute to high fertility rates.

Fertility, Nuptiality, and Family Limitation Among the Wends of Serbin, Texas, 1854 to 1920

1988 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth H. Fliess
Keyword(s):  
Fertility Decline ◽  
Marital Fertility ◽  
Community Level ◽  
Fertility Rates ◽  
National Scale ◽  
Birth Intervals ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
Family Limitation ◽  
Males And Females

The decline of American fertility on a national scale is a well-known and well-documented phenomenon, but little is known about fertility decline at the community level. Are immigrant groups really different or are they affected by the same factors and respond to them in the same manner as native-born populations? This essay investigates the fertility and nuptiality experience of the Wends of Serbin, Texas using age-specific fertility rates, total marital fertility rates, the index of family limitation, age at last birth, birth intervals and age at first marriage for both males and females. The Wends are shown to have experienced fertility decline in the same magnitude as the rest of the country though they begin and end at higher levels.

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