More Money, Less Housework? Relative Resources and Housework in the Czech Republic

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (18) ◽  
pp. 2823-2848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Hamplová ◽  
Jana Klímová Chaloupková ◽  
Renáta Topinková
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Female Partners ◽  
Relative Earning ◽  
Division Of Housework ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Relative Resources

The article explores the association between housework, earnings, and education. In contrast to the majority of existing studies from Western countries, this article tests the bargaining theory in the Czech Republic. Given the high female labor force participation coupled with a tendency for women to drop out of the labor market for several years after childbirth, the country provides an interesting context to test the theory. Using data from the first wave of the Czech Household Panel, we apply multilevel mixed-effect regressions and analyze the index expressing the relative division of housework between the male and female partners. We demonstrate that in this institutional context, economic factors such as the woman’s education and her absolute or relative earning have little explanatory power for the way housework is shared. Furthermore, we show that the man’s education is a better predictor of the division of housework than the woman’s education.

scholarly journals 12-Year Trends in Active School Transport across Four European Countries—Findings from the Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC) Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 2118
Author(s):  
Ellen Haug ◽  
Otto Robert Frans Smith ◽  
Jens Bucksch ◽  
Catherina Brindley ◽  
Jan Pavelka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Travel Time ◽  
Health Behaviour ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Family Affluence ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Hbsc Study ◽  
Using Data

Active school transport (AST) is a source of daily physical activity uptake. However, AST seems to have decreased worldwide over recent decades. We aimed to examine recent trends in AST and associations with gender, age, family affluence, and time to school, using data from the Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC) study collected in 2006, 2010, 2014, and 2018 in the Czech Republic, Norway, Scotland, and Wales. Data from 88,212 students (11, 13 and 15 years old) revealed stable patterns of AST from 2006 to 2018, apart from a decrease in the Czech Republic between 2006 and 2010. For survey waves combined, walking to and from school was most common in the Czech Republic (55%) and least common in Wales (30%). Cycling was only common in Norway (22%). AST differed by gender (Scotland and Wales), by age (Norway), and by family affluence (everywhere but Norway). In the Czech Republic, family affluence was associated with change over time in AST, and the effect of travel time on AST was stronger. The findings indicate that the decrease in AST could be levelling off in the countries considered here. Differential associations with sociodemographic factors and travel time should be considered in the development of strategies for AST.

scholarly journals I Do It My Way: Analysis of the Permanent Representation of the Czech Republic to the European Union

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-48
Author(s):  
Johana Galušková ◽  
Petr Kaniok
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Principal Agent ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Sociological Institutionalism ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Critical Junctures ◽  
Variable Character ◽  
Council Presidency

Abstract This article analyses development of the Permanent Representation of the Czech Republic to the European Union (PermRep) from 2004, when the Czech Republic joined the European Union, until 2013. Its main aim is to test four concepts related to the three neoinstitutionalist theories – firstly, the path dependency and critical junctures models related to the historical neo-institutionalism, secondly principal-agent relation typical for the rational neo-institutionalism and the concept of the logic of appropriateness related to the sociological institutionalism. The authors try to determine which of these four models have the best explanatory potential when it comes to the development of the Czech PermRep. After analysing three independent variables (changes in executive, EU Council Presidency, EU strategies), and their impact on the dependent variable (character of the Czech PermRep), the authors conclude that particularly historical institutionalism and sociological institutionalism models have the greatest explanatory power while the contribution of rational institutionalism model of principal-agent is relatively weak.

scholarly journals Division of Housework, Communication, and Couples’ Relationship Satisfaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 237802312092480
Author(s):  
Daniel L. Carlson ◽  
Amanda J. Miller ◽  
Stephanie Rudd
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Satisfaction ◽  
Instrumental Variable ◽  
Important Predictor ◽  
Male Partners ◽  
Communication Quality ◽  
Female Partners ◽  
Division Of Housework ◽  
Using Data

The gendered division of housework is an important predictor of relationship satisfaction, but the mechanisms linking these variables remain poorly understood. Using data on N = 487 couples from the 2006 Marital and Relationship Survey, the authors examine the association of heterosexual partners’ communication quality with the division of housework and the role of partners’ communication quality in the association between the division of housework and relationship satisfaction. Results from instrumental variable models and Actor-Partner Interdependence Models indicate that the quality of women’s communication with their male partners predicts how couples divide housework. The quality of men’s communication with their female partners, however, appears to be an outcome of domestic arrangements. Men’s communication quality mediates the association between the division of housework and women’ relationship satisfaction, while women’s communication quality confounds the association for men.

scholarly journals Barriers for incoming of international researchers in the Czech Republic

Ergo ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
Ondřej Daniel
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Capacity Building ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Service Organizations ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Social Science Theory ◽  
Science Theory ◽  
Using Data

Since the last decade the Czech Republic has certain ambitions in restructuring of its economy by increasing its performance in RTDI. These efforts are not possible without capacity building of scientists and researchers community, and in particular income of international scientists to the Czech Republic. However, this need is slowed down by a number of obstacles that are partly sketched in this article. The author is using data collected during almost three years of work experience in one of the service organizations focusing on assisting international researchers. The present article offers a comparison of the Czech context with several other European countries, the interpretation of the issue on the basis of current social science theory and an overview of existing efforts to address the topic.

scholarly journals The Impact of Social Policies on Self-Reliance Incentives for Roma in Central and Eastern Europe

Ekonomika ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Milcher ◽  
Katarína Zigová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Self Reliance ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Transfers ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, we review the social systems in five European countries: Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovakia and Romania. We focus here on regulations towards households with insufficient income. Based on this, we analyse the impact of social transfers on self-reliance incentives of the Roma minority in particular, using data from the UNDP/ILO survey conducted in 2001 in the five countries.

scholarly journals The Effects of Solidarity, Income, and Reliance on the State on Personal Income Tax Preferences. The Case of the Czech Republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 10141
Author(s):  
Inna Cabelkova ◽  
Lubos Smutka
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Eastern European Country ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
The State ◽  
Current Increase ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Tax Progressivity

The current increase in government spending, caused by COVID epidemics and the increasing visibility of leftist political groups in public media, emphasizes the short-term need for sustainable income taxation. In the long run, rising inequality worldwide makes taxation of high-incomes indispensable for sustainable economic development. This paper empirically studies public attitudes on taxation related to income, preferences for solidarity vs. individual performance, and reliance on the state in the Czech Republic. In this Eastern European country, the dichotomies above bear even more importance due to the communist past. We apply the hierarchical regression analysis with smoothing spline transformations to a representative sample of public opinion data (N = 1104, aged 15–95 years, M ± SD: 47.74 ± 17.39; 51.2% women, 18.50% with higher education). The results suggest that income was associated with the perception that taxes for the rich are inadequately high but was unrelated to perceptions of tax adequacy for average and poor groups of respondents. Higher solidarity and reliance on the state were associated with the desire to increase taxation of high-incomes and decrease taxation of poor income groups. Surprisingly, the reliance on the state was associated with a desire to decrease taxation of average-incomes and total taxation while increasing tax progressivity. Preferences for solidarity were associated with higher preferred overall taxation and more tax progressivity. The explanatory powers of preferences for solidarity and reliance on the state in explaining the variation in tax preferences are at least equivalent and, in some cases, twice as large as the explanatory power of the age, gender, education, and income altogether. The results above present new mechanisms that can contribute to sustainable endogenous economic development.

RESPONSE OF THE CZECH RMN NETWORK TO THUNDERSTORM ACTIVITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 186 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 215-218
Author(s):  
J Šlegl ◽  
J Minářová ◽  
P Kuča ◽  
I Kolmašová ◽  
O Santolík ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Monitoring Network ◽  
Thunderstorm Activity ◽  
Radiation Monitoring ◽  
Radon Progeny ◽  
Radiation Background ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Charge Structure ◽  
Gamma Background ◽  
Using Data

ABSTRACT Thunderstorm ground enhancement (TGE) is a phenomenon that enhances radiation background on the ground related to thunderstorm activity and charge structure of the thundercloud. On the other hand, the rise of gamma background is connected with precipitation by the washout of radon progeny from the atmosphere. In our analysis, we examined known enhancements of gamma background, previously attributed solely to radon progeny, using data from the Czech Radiation Monitoring Network (RMN) to investigate the enhancements with respect to thunderstorms and TGE phenomena. We also used radar precipitation data and data from the lightning location network to analyze their influences on the radiation background enhancement during three thunderstorm events that occurred in summer 2016 over the Czech Republic (Central Europe). We state that the RMN might have detected TGE over the Czech Republic.

scholarly journals Assessment of the income situation of households in the Czech Republic

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 322-330
Author(s):  
J. Turčínková ◽  
J. Stávková
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Gini Coefficient ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Lorenz Curve ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Poverty Threshold ◽  
Average Household Income ◽  
The Lorenz Curve

The paper deals with the assessment of income situation of households in the Czech Republic. The primary source for the analysis were the data of the survey EU-SILC European Union – Statistics on Income and Living Conditions. The basic variable for the analysis is the level of the household income in 2005–2008. In addition to the decile classification, characteristics such as the average income per one household member, poverty threshold, poverty depth coefficient, Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient. were calculated in order to evaluate the income situation. The results show an increase of the average household income. The Lorenz curve followed by the Gini coefficient demonstrate the uniformity of distribution of income values. The results show a decreasing income differentiation. The poverty threshold was defined on the level of 60% of the median value and with this given threshold, the households were assessed, whether they belong to the ones at the risk of poverty. The results reveal a decreasing number of households at the risk of poverty. The poverty depth coefficient has a stronger explanatory power and shows how far below the poverty threshold the households are, or what is an income deficit of these households. Each category of households at the risk of poverty varies with the depth of poverty. The analysis also provides the results of how the households' income situation or poverty is perceived by the households themselves.

scholarly journals Municipality Size and Local Public Services: Do Economies of Scale Exist ?

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Soukopová ◽  
Juraj Nemec ◽  
Lenka Matějová ◽  
Michal Struk
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Fixed Costs ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Local Public Services ◽  
Local Services ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Using Data

AbstractEconomies of scale are a standard topic in economic theory, frequently applied, for example, in the analysis of monopolies. They exist when a firm optimising its production costs while facing some fixed costs enjoys lower per-unit production costs as the production increases. Similarly to other production units municipalities have to be large enough to minimise average costs. We analysed the local public services in 205 municipalities with extended powers in the Czech Republic for the first time in this context, using regression analysis, a correlation diagram of local public services and statistical analysis. The paper examines this issue using data from 2008 to 2012. Our analysis showed that economies of scale cannot be clearly identified for local services in municipalities with extended powers in the Czech Republic and that the size of a municipality is not a key factor influencing the provision of local services.

scholarly journals The Turkish Community in the Czech Republic: A Diaspora in the Making?

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 499-523
Author(s):  
Lucie Tungul
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Immigration Policy ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Muslim Community ◽  
Strong Ties ◽  
Migration Patterns ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Potential Factors ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Turkish Community

AbstractMigration is a relatively new phenomenon in the Czech Republic, which has gradually become a destination country. The securitisation and politicisation of migration in the Czech domestic discourse has created a great deal of public anxiety, especially towards Muslims. This paper focuses on the position of Turkish migrants, the single largest Muslim community in the Czech Republic, in the specific context of the Czech Republic. The objective is to define the nature of Turkish migration to the Czech Republic as part of broader migration patterns. Using data from the Czech Statistical Office and from a questionnaire survey, it investigates the Turkish community’s assessment of adaptation to the Czech environment and their position within the wider Turkish dias-pora policy. I argue that that the non-transparent Czech immigration policy and Czech Islamophobia are potential factors influencing the adaptation process of the Turkish community, which might affect their decision to remain in the country. Furthermore, the small size of the Turkish community can hamper the migrants’ social life, who might wish to maintain strong ties with the homeland and the diaspora community in Europe.

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