Researching the “Other,” Transforming Ourselves: Methodological Considerations of Feminist Ethnography

1998 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura B. Lengel
2021 ◽  
pp. 147490412110549
Author(s):  
Lisa Rosen ◽  
Marita Jacob

Teachers with so-called migration backgrounds are often assumed to possess higher intercultural competencies or skills for more adequately dealing with migration-related diversity than other teachers. However, these assumptions of higher intercultural competencies, specific pedagogical orientations and attitudes have rarely been systematically empirically examined. On the other hand, such a utilitarian ethnicization is increasingly criticized by migration researchers in educational science in Germany as furthering stigmatization and deprofessionalization. Against this background, our paper aims to contribute to the lively discourse about teacher with so-called migration backgrounds. We start with analysing teacher data from the German National Education Panel Study (NEPS). Our analyses indicate that teachers with and without so-called migration backgrounds do not differ significantly in most respects. These findings led us to methodological considerations with regard to the (non-)usefulness of the statistical category of ‘migration background’ in educational migration research.


2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 1198-1215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Terkourafi

Empirically capturing sociocultural interpretations—situated interpretations of linguistic expressions shared among members of a group—can be difficult for two reasons: First, the interpretations themselves cannot be directly observed and, second, the contexts that enable these interpretations cannot be defined independently of them. Yet, the reality of such interpretations attested in piece after piece of empirical research calls for an explanation. This article outlines a bottom-up methodology that seeks to extract context-sensitive definitions of, on one hand, sociocultural interpretations and, on the other hand, the context variables that covary with them, from the data itself. Uptake-based definitions of sociocultural interpretations are empirically verifiable and include speaker, context, and addressee contributions to the bringing about of a certain sociocultural interpretation. Dynamic definitions of macro-social variables (gender, age, class, ethnicity, region, etc.) can emerge by gradually abstracting over the minimal contexts that are found to enable particular sociocultural interpretations. The article outlines with examples how this methodology can be applied to spoken conversational data, as well as some of its limitations.


1970 ◽  
Vol 117 (538) ◽  
pp. 267-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Winokur

Primary affective disorder is defined as an illness which is characterized by depressions or manias or both. This illness is seen in an individual who has no history of any preexisting psychiatric illness except for uncomplicated episodes of depression or mania. Clinically there are two types of primary affective disorder. The first is manic depressive disease (bipolar psychosis) which may be considered as a primary affective disorder in which mania is seen; usually, but not always, depression is also seen in this kind of patient. The other type may be called depressive disease; a synonym that might be used is unipolar psychosis; here only depressive episodes are seen (one or more episodes). In addition to the difference in the clinical picture, considerable genetic data exist which indicate that the two illnesses are quite distinct from each other.


2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-204
Author(s):  
Caterina Albano

This article considers the significance of the moving image as an archival record and its implications for the ways in which memory interacts with history. As a defining technology of recording and documenting, film is entangled with history in its making: however, what kinds of narrative ensues from images whose contextual references are opaque to us? What can we garner from footage whose indexical connections have been lost? By focusing on the artistic practice of filmmakers Yervant Gianikian and Angela Ricci Lucchi, I suggest a reading of early-twentieth-century archival film footage, including found footage and home movies, in terms of affect. Gianikian and Ricci Lucchi's approach focuses on the procedural features of the frame and an excavation of the features that can be drawn from its defining connotations. Through an excavation of the most minute details within the frame, they point out the kind of ‘presence’ that film projects back to us as gesture, expression, and movement and abstract from them forgotten memories of everyday encounters and the affective forms that mundane actions took. In particular, I shall focus on works by Gianikian and Ricci Lucchi's that deal with encounters with ‘the other’ and the visual practices of representation that inform them. The legibility that Gianikian and Ricci Lucchi's approach brings to a reading of archival film footage is indicative for broader methodological considerations of the ways in which the moving image encodes affect and emotion. This is relevant for an understanding of what Lauren Berlant refers to as the ‘realm of the social’ by uncovering the structures of perception and representation of the past and the significance that they might take in the present.


Comunicar ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (25) ◽  
Author(s):  
María-Mercedes López-González ◽  
Mercedes López-González

In this paper one presents the development and some results of a practical activity that forms a part of the formative program of students of Teaching, in relation to the subject «Psycho-pedagogic Bases of the Special Education». The activity supposes the utilization of the television as curricular resource and we it come leading to end for years, which experience allows us to recount some methodological considerations and think about its results. The activity includes a double slope. On one hand, to study the images of the disabled people projected in the television, as important mass media that determines the mental representation and social attitudes in relation with this group. On the other hand, to use the formative content of diverse programs that presents, from different perspectives or approaches, the reality of the persons with disability or people with educational special needs. Es una realidad indiscutible que la televisión constituye una valiosa herramienta cultural, no sólo para comunicar, informar y entretener al público televidente, sino también, y especialmente, para formar a los espectadores y espectadoras como sujetos activos, críticos y solidarios en una sociedad plural. En la Cumbre 2000 de Comunicación y Educación, celebrada en Toronto, y en otros encuentros posteriores sobre el tema, diversos representantes institucionales y dirigentes de medios de comunicación enfatizaron la necesidad, y su consiguiente compromiso práctico, de desarrollar la vertiente formativa de la televisión, como importante vehículo para la formación permanente de las sociedades contemporáneas y futuras. Formar no significa únicamente transmitir la cultura como un conjunto de conocimientos que el sujeto debe asimilar. Significa, además, y especialmente según la propuesta freiriana de pedagogía de la liberación, formar conciencia y pensamiento crítico, algo fundamental en la tarea que nos ocupa de preparación de los futuros y futuras profesionales de la educación. En esta Comunicación presentamos el desarrollo y algunos resultados de una actividad práctica que forma parte del programa formativo del alumnado de magisterio, en relación con una materia de carácter troncal en los planes de estudios de todas las especialidades de esta carrera universitaria: Bases Psicopedagógicas de la Educación Especial. Actividad que supone el aprovechamiento de la televisión como recurso curricular y que venimos llevando a cabo desde hace años, cuya experiencia nos permite referir algunas consideraciones metodológicas y reflexiones sobre sus resultados. La ejecución práctica de la actividad comprende una doble vertiente. Por una parte, estudiar las imágenes de las personas con discapacidad proyectadas en la televisión, como importante medio de comunicación que condiciona la representación mental y las actitudes sociales en relación con este colectivo. Por otra parte, supone utilizar el contenido formativo de diversos programas de interesante valor formativo y cultural, que se centran en distintas dimensiones vitales y refieren, desde diferentes perspectivas o enfoques, la realidad de las personas con discapacidad o personas con necesidades educativas especiales. La televisión se convierte así en un medio idóneo para facilitar la comprensión de las dificultades, necesidades y demandas de un importante sector de la sociedad que en el futuro será objeto de atención profesional, educativa en nuestro caso, por parte de los actuales estudiantes universitarios.


2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleanor Nesbitt

AbstractAgainst a backdrop of phases of Sikh settlement in the UK, this article provides an overview of scholarship on UK Sikh communities. Attention turns to four ethnographic studies conducted by the author, two of which focused on unambiguously Sikh communities, and two of which challenge presuppositions of the boundedness of faith communities. Of these one was a study of two historically stigmatised caste-specific Punjabi communities; the other is currently examining the religious identity formation of young people in families in which only one parent is Sikh. Pointers and questions are identified that arise from these UK studies for researchers in mainland Europe. These include methodological considerations and encouragement to contribute to debates in the sociology of religion and to take account of Sikhs' increasing appearance in creative literature.


2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-23
Author(s):  
Sarah Brommer

This article combines theoretical and methodological considerations. It addresses the question how formulaic language manifests itself from a pragmatic point of view and how it can be analyzed with corpuslinguistic methods. First, it is shown that formulaic language – on the performance level – appears and is visible in the form of language patterns. Furthermore, an overview of the conceptual diversity prevailing in this context is provided. Subsequently, the question is how to make formulaic language empirically tangible, and the strengths and weaknesses of various corpuslinguistic approaches are discussed. In the third section, some methodological consequences, which result from a (largely) inductive corpuslinguistic analysis, are highlighted. Firstly, it is argued that even an inductive approach in practice necessarily includes deductive operations involving, on one hand, the corpus structure, and on the other, the analysis itself. Secondly, it is described how the study design affects the kind of formulaic language that can be identified. Thirdly, the possibilities and limitations of establishing formulaic language at the level of word forms and at the morphosyntactic level are discussed.


2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 324-332
Author(s):  
Manuel Abrantes

Empirical research at two immigrant organizations engaged in mobilizing and representing domestic workers provides the foundations for a reflection on the struggle of the underprivileged to act collectively. The fluid motion of civil society organizations between agents of mobilization and producers of policy advise amplifies the importance of examining their operation. Renowned elaborations on public sociology, feminist ethnography, and symbolic violence are convened. The dispute for inclusion and representation in this particular case is shown to take place at two distinct though interconnected fronts: one pertaining to the value and legitimacy of domestic work, the other pertaining to regulatory frameworks. 


1989 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur G. Blouin ◽  
C. Keith Conners ◽  
William T. Seidel ◽  
Jane Blouin

It has been claimed that the childhood behavioural factors “hyperactivity” and “conduct disorder” are highly correlated. The fact that hyperactive symptoms load heavily on the conduct disorder factor has also been used to support the notion that hyperactivity is not an independent behavioural dimension. The present study employs a large sample of combined clinic and normal children to demonstrate that both of these observations are artifacts of methodological technique. When factor score coefficients are used to interpret factors, the hyperactive symptoms do not load on the conduct disorder factor. If factor scores are defined by the use of unit weights, as in previous studies, then the inter-correlation between the hyperactive and conduct disorder factors is high. The use of factor score coefficients to define factors, on the other hand, produces uncorrelated factors. The results support the idea that hyperactivity and conduct disorder are independent behavioural dimensions.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Marpaung

This paper aims to explore and document the concept and meaning of dowry in the Isirawa people bride exchange system, determines its impact on women and children, and provides a reflective analysis from a feminist point of view regarding the dowry payment system. The research used the feminist ethnography qualitative method through literature studies, interviews, and observations. The results found that the dowry exchange system, when viewed from a positive side, means that women or children are considered very valuable and vital for the Isirawa community, namely to strengthen kinship between families and clumps, to continue the clan, as a tool of peace in a conflict as prevention of domestic violence. However, on the other hand, it has a negative impact that is more detrimental to women, namely limiting women's rights, violence, and unfair treatment of women and children. So, it needs to be criticized and consider changing some parts of the tradition that marginalize them by providing solutions, understandings, and new Christian values not to eliminate the existing culture but continue to enable carrying out the tradition for the welfare of the people without harming the other.AbstrakTulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi dan mendokumentasikan konsep dan makna maskawin dalam sistem perkawinan tukar pada Suku Isirawa, melihat dampaknya bagi perempuan dan anak, serta memberikan analisis reflektif dari sudut pandang feminis mengenai hal tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif etnografi feminis, melalui studi kepustakaan, wawancara, dan observasi. Hasilnya ditemukan bahwa pada sistem tukar-menukar maskawin tersebut jika dilihat dari sisi positif memiliki makna perempuan atau anak dianggap sangat berharga dan penting bagi masyarakat Isirawa, yakni untuk mempererat kekerabatan antar keluarga dan rumpun, meneruskan marga, dan sebagai alat perdamaian konflik seperti untuk mencegah kekerasan dalam rumah tangga. Tetapi, di sisi lain memiliki dampak negatif yang merugikan, beberapa di antaranya membatasi hak-hak perempuan, terjadi kekerasan, dan perlakuan tidak adil terhadap perempuan dan anak. Dengan demikian, perlu dikritisi dan dipertimbangkan untuk mengubah beberapa bagian tradisi yang memarinalkan tersebut dengan bersama-sama memberi solusi, pemahaman, dan nilai Kristiani yang baru, sehingga tidak serta-merta menghilangkan total budaya yang ada. Sebaliknya, tradisi tetap dapat terlaksana untuk menyejahterakan umat tanpa merugikan salah satu pihak.


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