Bully Perpetration and Self-Esteem: Examining the Relation Over Time

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 159-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chad A. Rose ◽  
Christopher D. Slaten ◽  
June L. Preast
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Behavioral Challenges ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Middle School Youth ◽  
School Youth ◽  
Over Time

School-aged youth face a number of academic and behavioral challenges within the educational environment, including bullying involvement. Unfortunately, bullying has been linked to a number of detrimental psychosocial outcomes. Scholars have attempted to establish predictive profiles for youth involved in bullying. These profiles include bully perpetrators, where it has been argued that self-esteem is predictive of bullying behaviors. To address this association, the current study examined the relation between self-esteem and bully perpetration among 971 middle school youth through a longitudinal structural equation model. A three-step confirmatory factor analytic procedure determined that bully perpetration and self-esteem were metrically invariant and stable over time. The structural model suggested that bully perpetration at Time 1 predicted bully perpetration at Time 2, and self-esteem at Time 1 predicted self-esteem at Time 2. However, self-esteem at Time 1 did not predict bully perpetration at Time 2, and bully perpetration at Time 1 did not predict self-esteem at Time 2. These results suggest that students who engage in bully perpetration do not have higher or lower levels of self-esteem when compared with their peers who do not engage in bullying. Future research should continue to examine predictive factors associated with bully perpetration.

Using SEM to Examine the Dimensions of Perfectionism and Investigate the Mediating Role of Self-Esteem Between Perfectionism and Depression in China

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Zhang ◽  
Taisheng Cai
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Maladaptive Perfectionism ◽  
Adaptive Perfectionism

The aim of the study was to examine the nature of perfectionism, to gain a better understanding of the construct using the Chinese population. The study also explored the relationships between perfectionism, self-esteem and depression after identifying the three dimensions of perfectionism. A sample of 292 Chinese university students completed the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS), the Hewitt Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (HMPS), the Almost Perfect Scale — Revised (APS-R), the Self-Esteem Scale (SES), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). As hypothesised, the confirmatory factor analyses revealed that multidimensional perfectionism is explained as a three-factor construct with dimensions of maladaptive perfectionism, adaptive perfectionism and order factor. As predicted, the structural equation model analyses indicated that self-esteem partially mediated the relationship between maladaptive perfectionism and depression. Implications for counselling interventions and future research are discussed.

scholarly journals The Effects of Political Cynicism and National Siege Mentality on the Internalization of an Anti-European Sentiment

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Zlatko Šram
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Fit Indices ◽  
Political Cynicism ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Unidimensional Construct

<p>This paper aims to provide an insight into the political-psychological understanding of an attitudinal construct labeled anti-European sentiment. A structural equation model for prediction was developed and evaluated by using full information mximum likelihood estimates obtained from LISREL 8.52 computer program. Assumption was that both political cynicism and national siege mentality would have an effect on anti-European sentiment. The data reported here were obtained by standard survey methods on the sample of adult population in Croatia (N=533). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed to explore factorial and construct validity of the measures used in this research. CFA yielded unidimensional construct measurements with acceptable fit indices. Structural model indicated that exogenous variables (political cynicism, national siege mentality) have significant effects on the anti-European sentiment used as an endogenous (dependent) variable. Goodness-of-fit indices suggested acceptable fit of the model (RMSEA=0.07, CFI=0.97, NNFI=0.97, SRMR=0.05). Given the amount of variance of anti-European sentiment, it was showen that political cynicism and national siege mentality have strong predictive validity for anti-European sentiment (43 percent of the variance was explained by the structural model). In order to explain the interactions among the variables investigated, the author proposed the distrust-threat model of political hostility.</p>

scholarly journals Revisiting image theory: decision styles, temptations and image theory’s compatibility test

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Alexander Müller
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Screening Process ◽  
Compatibility Test ◽  
Decision Styles ◽  
Rejection Threshold ◽  
Decision Choice

This thesis project revisits the compatibility test, Image Theory's screening process to form decision choice sets, and considers its elements and mechanisms in the light of three aspects: first, it investigates how the affect heuristic influences the compatibility screening. In this context, the claim of earlier research that only criteria violations are considered during the option screening process is reconsidered; second, a structural model is evaluated establishing links between a decision-maker's decision styles and the variables defining the compatibility test; and third, a neural network is created and tested to predict even irrational choice of decision-makers for a specific screening situation and based on their compatibility test in- and outputs. 741 participants of two populations were administered three online questionnaires to collect required data. 40 questionnaire items have been used to identify the participants decision styles. The participants were tasked to select companies as potential acquisition targets and, thus, performed a compatibility test based on criteria and their importance weights provided by the researcher. Companies met and failed to meet the criteria to differing extent. Two temptation alternatives that outperformed all other companies in the most important criteria multiple times and failed to meet all others were administered to the participants. Based on what companies were selected, the participants rejection threshold and their inconsistent choices were determined. The research provides evidence that the claim of earlier research that Image Theory's compatibility screening process relies only on criteria violations is untenable. Further, a structural equation model was confirmed establishing links between participants' decision styles and the variables defining their compatibility screenings. Eventually, a neural network was generated, trained and tested that correctly predicted with close to 90% reliability a participant's choices, even the objectively irrational ones. It is recommended that future research further develops the idea of neural networks mimicking human decision behaviour.

scholarly journals AFFECT MODERATES THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SOCIAL SUPPORT AND RETIREMENT SATISFACTION OVER TIME

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S131-S131
Author(s):  
Kaleena Odd
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Social Resources ◽  
Network Size ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Retirement is becoming more important for today’s older adults because they are living longer than before. Recently, research has started to explore how different individual resources (e.g., health or finances) and social resources (e.g., social support or social network size) influence retirement outcomes such as retirement satisfaction. Moreover, the current study sought to examine the influence of time, satisfaction with social support, and affect (i.e., positive or negative) as predictors of retirement satisfaction. Data was obtained from a longitudinal study that explored how older adults in Montreal, Canada adjusted to life in retirement over the course of three years. Hypotheses were tested using a structural equation model that investigated retirement satisfaction as predicted by time, satisfaction with social support, positive affect, and negative affect. Gender differences were also explored. Overall, there was no change over time among the variables. Satisfaction with social support, positive affect, and negative affect were all associated with retirement satisfaction in the expected directions. Positive affect moderated the association between satisfaction with social support and retirement satisfaction, such that the association was stronger for those low in positive affect. Also, negative affect moderated the association between satisfaction with social support and retirement satisfaction as a function of gender. This study extended the literature by exploring how multiple predictors interacted to influence retirement satisfaction over time. Future research should examine how individual and social resources can interact with each other to better understand retirement satisfaction.

scholarly journals Enhancing online customer engagement in online room reservation: a structural modelling approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 258 ◽  
pp. 06040
Author(s):  
Pisit Pipatphokakul ◽  
Watsida Boonyanmethaporn
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Customer Engagement ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Modelling Approach

This research purposes to develop a structural equation model of enhancing online customer. The samples of this study consisted of 451 respondents who have purchased online room reservation via the website by convenient sampling method. The research instrument is a questionnaire. The data are analyzed by descriptive statistics and confirmatory factor analysis with AMOS. The result is the structural model of the confirmatory factor analysis of enhancing online customer engagement in online room reservation with empirical data Chi-Square/Df = .954, CFI = 1.000, RMSEA = .000, RMR = .006, and TLI = 1.

Self-Esteem and Defensiveness: An Analysis of the Self-Esteem Inventory

1989 ◽  
Vol 64 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1307-1320 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Lawton ◽  
D. M. Fergusson ◽  
L. J. Horwood
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
The Self ◽  
Random Errors ◽  
Inventory Data ◽  
Factor Analytic ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Order Factor ◽  
The Relationship

A structural equation model was developed to examine the relationships between the self-esteem and defensiveness scales of the Coopersmith Self-esteem Inventory. Data were analysed for a sample of over 800 New Zealand children using methods of confirmatory factor analysis. The fitted model suggested that the data were consistent with an hierarchical model in which the observed self-esteem scores were fallible indicators of self-esteem in four specific areas of experience. These areas in turn were subsumed by a higher-order factor of global self-esteem. The model also suggested that defensive responding systematically contaminated the subjects' over-all reporting of self-esteem. Model estimates showed that between 28% and 54% of the variance in the self-esteem indicators arose from random errors of measurement and a further 1% to 3% was due to the effects of defensiveness. It is suggested that confirmatory factor analytic methods should be used in further analyses of the relationship between self-esteem and other measures to take account of possible biases arising from these sources.

Cross-Lagged Relationships Between Self-Esteem, Self-Construal, and Happiness in a Three-Wave Longitudinal Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-185
Author(s):  
Daniela Moza ◽  
Laurențiu Maricuțoiu ◽  
Alin Gavreliuc
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Construal ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Independent Person

Abstract. Previous research established that an independent construal of the self is associated with higher self-esteem, which, in turn, is associated with increased happiness. Regarding the directionality of these relationships, theoretical arguments have suggested that self-construal precedes self-esteem and that self-esteem precedes happiness. However, most research in this area is cross-sectional, thus limiting any conclusions about directionality. The present study tested these relationships in 101 Romanian undergraduates using a 3-wave cross-lagged design with a 6-month time lag between every two waves. Structural equation modeling analyses revealed that self-esteem is an antecedent of both happiness and dimensions of independent self-construal (i.e., consistency vs. variability and self-expression vs. harmony). In other words, one’s positive evaluation of self-worth precedes one’s self-perception as being a happy and independent person. The findings are discussed with respect to the theoretical and practical implications, along with limitations and suggestions for future research.

Forced Zero Cross-Loading Misspecifications in Measurement Component of Structural Equation Models

Methodology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 138-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsien-Yuan Hsu ◽  
Susan Troncoso Skidmore ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Bruce Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Model Specification ◽  
Simulation Design ◽  
Measurement Models ◽  
Fit Statistics ◽  
Path Coefficients

The purpose of the present paper was to evaluate the effect of constraining near-zero parameter cross-loadings to zero in the measurement component of a structural equation model. A Monte Carlo 3 × 5 × 2 simulation design was conducted (i.e., sample sizes of 200, 600, and 1,000; parameter cross-loadings of 0.07, 0.10, 0.13, 0.16, and 0.19 misspecified to be zero; and parameter path coefficients in the structural model of either 0.50 or 0.70). Results indicated that factor pattern coefficients and factor covariances were overestimated in measurement models when near-zero parameter cross-loadings constrained to zero were higher than 0.13 in the population. Moreover, the path coefficients between factors were misestimated when the near-zero parameter cross-loadings constrained to zero were noteworthy. Our results add to the literature detailing the importance of testing individual model specification decisions, and not simply evaluating omnibus model fit statistics.

scholarly journals Human Capital and Eco-Contractual Governance in Small Farms in Poland: Simultaneous Confirmatory Factor Analysis with Ordinal Variables

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Bazyli Czyżewski ◽  
Agnieszka Sapa ◽  
Piotr Kułyk
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Small Farms ◽  
Ordinal Variables ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Contractual Governance

Human capital (HC) plays an important role in modern agriculture. The difference in efficiency of assets explains only about a half of the economic performance of agricultural farms, while the other half relies on HC. Although education and training are the main components of HC, it may also be viewed from the perspective of behavioral theories that were taken under consideration in this study. The role of HC in sustainable farming has not been sufficiently explained when it comes to contractual governance (CG). In this study, the meaning of contractual governance was extended and the eco-contractual governance (ECG) concept was proposed, which stands for CG induced by agri-environmental contracts. The main objective of the article is to confirm the latent concepts of HC and ECG and to verify their correlation in view of the standards imposed by the agricultural policy. To achieve this goal, a structural equation model was developed and simultaneous confirmatory factor analysis with ordinal variables was carried out based on the sample of 674 small farms in Poland. The analysis has confirmed a relatively strong correlation between HC and ECG. It was revealed that training plays a crucial role in this relationship, while economic dependence on agricultural policy weakens the effectiveness of both HC and ECG.

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