Influences of sexual behaviors and vulnerability to HIV/AIDS among heterosexual ACB youth living in Windsor, Ontario

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 3515-3536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiyondah Fante-Coleman ◽  
Ciann L. Wilson ◽  
Ashley Ann Marcotte ◽  
Raymond McKie ◽  
Robb Travers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Behavioral Expectations ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
African Caribbean ◽  
Power Project

Little research has investigated relationships among heterosexual African, Caribbean, and Black (ACB) youth and the factors that influence their behavior and the behavioral expectations they have of their sexual partners. This study identifies influential factors of behavioral expectations, and how this behavior shapes vulnerability for human immunodeficiency virus. This article draws on data from the POWER project in Windsor, Canada. Six focus groups were held and attended by 26 ACB youth, and data were analyzed following thematic analysis guidelines. ACB youth adhered to gender roles prescribed through cultural heritage and religion. Gender inequality persists among young ACB youth, and sociopolitical history is hypothesized to shape normative gender roles, influencing relationship behaviors.

A Comparison of Psychosocial Factors, Substance Use Behaviors, and Sexual Behaviors by Self-Reported HIV Status Among Middle-Aged Hispanic Men Who Have Sex With Men

2020 ◽  
pp. 154041532092356
Author(s):  
Beatriz Valdes ◽  
Deborah Salani ◽  
Joseph P. De Santis
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Illicit Substance Use ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hispanic Men ◽  
Sex With Men

Introduction: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a significant health issue among Hispanic men who have sex with men (MSM). Despite existing research, no studies have compared psychosocial factors by self-reported HIV antibody status. Method: Participants ( n = 150) completed measures of social support, loneliness, depressive symptoms, substance use, and sexual behaviors. Results: Participants with a self-reported HIV-antibody positive status reported lower levels of social support and higher levels of illicit substance use. Hispanic MSM with an unknown HIV antibody status reported more sexual partners. Conclusion: More research is needed to address psychosocial factors (social support, loneliness, depressive symptoms), substance use, and sexual behaviors among Hispanic MSM.

scholarly journals Estimating HPV DNA Deposition Between Sexual Partners Using HPV Concordance, Y Chromosome DNA Detection, and Self-reported Sexual Behaviors

2017 ◽  
Vol 216 (10) ◽  
pp. 1210-1218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talía Malagón ◽  
Ann N Burchell ◽  
Mariam El-Zein ◽  
Julie Guénoun ◽  
Pierre-Paul Tellier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Dna Detection ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Hpv Dna

scholarly journals Money, power and inequality among married couples in urban Sarawak

2021 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 02002
Author(s):  
Lynn Wee
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
Marital Power ◽  
Sustainable Development Goal ◽  
Household Decision ◽  
Women And Girls

In accordance with United Nations’ sustainable development goal in achieving gender equality and to empower all women and girls, this paper investigates gender equality and power in marital relationship. Using Resource Theory of Power as a conceptual framework, this paper examines the distribution of marital power among married couples. More specifically, this paper examines to what extent do married couples use money as a bargaining tool to negotiate for more control in two areas: (1) managing economic resources and (2) household decision making. Forty married couples from urban Sarawak were located and interviewed. Results indicate that apart from money, marital power is affected by more influential factors such as ideologies and religious teachings. Consequently, having more money does not necessarily mean having more control over the decision making as decision making in a marriage is often guided by prescribed gender roles in accordance to one’s ideologies, cultural and religious teachings. Hence, gender equality in the management of economic resources and decision making within a household can only occur when an increase in women’s resources is combined with changes in gender roles and ideologies.

scholarly journals Reaching Men: Addressing the Blind Spot in the HIV Response

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (SP1) ◽  
pp. e57-e70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Pascoe ◽  
Dean Peacock ◽  
Lara Stemple
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Gender Norms ◽  
Blind Spot ◽  
International Policy ◽  
Hiv Services ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Delivery Strategies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Related Mortality

Globally, men are less likely than women to access human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing, treatment, and care, and consequently experience disproportionate HIV-related mortality. To address men's underutilization of HIV services, efforts are needed on two fronts: challenging the regressive gender norms that discourage men from seeking health services, and developing improved health system policies, programs, and service delivery strategies to ensure better provision of HIV services to men. It has long been understood that harmful gender norms make women vulnerable to HIV, and this understanding should expand to include the way these norms also put men at risk. This paper presents the data concerning men and HIV, explores the impact of gender norms, examines national and international policy developments, and chronicles the evolution of men’s place in the HIV response. It does so in part by tracing the efforts of Sonke Gender Justice, a South African NGO working across Africa, as it promotes the engagement of men in the fight against the dual epidemics of gender inequality and HIV.

‘How come they don’t talk about it in school?’ Identifying adolescent barriers to PrEP use

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie Gailloud ◽  
Tatiana Gonzalez-Argoti ◽  
Sophia Philip ◽  
Lena S Josephs ◽  
Joanne E Mantell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Perceived Need ◽  
School Based ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
School Based Health Centers ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis

Abstract Although 21% of new human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diagnoses in the United States are in youth aged 13–24 years, adolescent awareness and uptake of the HIV prevention medication pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) are low. This study explores the attitudes and challenges that adolescents face while taking PrEP. Thirty interviews were conducted with Black and Latine (we use the gender-inclusive term Latine rather than Latinx for more appropriate Spanish pronunciation) students aged 15–17 who received care at school-based health centers (SBHCs) in the Bronx, NY. Transcripts were coded inductively and deductively using thematic analysis. Most participants were unaware of PrEP, but nearly all were enthusiastic when informed about it; a majority denied that they would feel any stigma when taking PrEP. Despite this high receptivity, multiple barriers were identified, particularly confidentiality from parents, low perceived need of PrEP and concerns about daily adherence and side effects. Adolescents overall were enthusiastic about the availability of PrEP and felt it empowered them to have control over their health. SBHCs were considered trusted sources of confidential, accessible care, and we believe that they can be uniquely positioned to mitigate barriers to PrEP distribution in the future.

Sexual behaviour

2020 ◽  
pp. 1597-1599
Author(s):  
Catherine H. Mercer ◽  
Anne M. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Sexual History ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Effective Contraception ◽  
People First

Discussion of sexual lifestyle and the ability to take a sexual history are relevant to many types of clinical practice. The age at which people first have sex has decreased and the age at which people start cohabiting has become later in recent decades, increasing the time available to accumulate sexual partners and thus be at risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). While many people have few partners, a small proportion of the population has many. People with many partners are most at risk of STIs, but there are many other influences including the gender, age, and ethnicity of their partners and the type of sexual practice. This chapter covers the adverse consequences of sexual behaviour (including STIs and unintended pregnancy), and initiatives to encourage reducing partner numbers, using condoms and effective contraception, and engaging in less risky practices.

scholarly journals Changing nursing practice within primary health care innovations: the case of advanced access model

BMC Nursing ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabina Abou Malham ◽  
Mylaine Breton ◽  
Nassera Touati ◽  
Lara Maillet ◽  
Arnaud Duhoux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Registered Nurses ◽  
Nurse Practitioners ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Organizational Context ◽  
Nursing Practice ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Practice Change ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Advanced Access

Abstract Background The advanced access (AA) model has attracted much interest across Canada and worldwide as a means of ensuring timely access to health care. While nurses contribute significantly to improving access in primary healthcare, little is known about the practice changes involved in this innovative model. This study explores the experience of nurse practitioners and registered nurses with implementation of the AA model, and identifies factors that facilitate or impede change. Methods We used a longitudinal qualitative approach, nested within a multiple case study conducted in four university family medicine groups in Quebec that were early adopters of AA. We conducted semi-structured interviews with two types of purposively selected nurses: nurse practitioners (NPs) (n = 6) and registered nurses (RNs) (n = 5). Each nurse was interviewed twice over a 14-month period. One NP was replaced by another during the second interviews. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis based on two principles of AA and the Niezen & Mathijssen Network Model (2014). Results Over time, RNs were not able to review the appointment system according to the AA philosophy. Half of NPs managed to operate according to AA. Regarding collaborative practice, RNs were still struggling to participate in team-based care. NPs were providing independent and collaborative patient care in both consultative and joint practice, and were assuming leadership in managing patients with acute and chronic diseases. Thematic analysis revealed influential factors at the institutional, organizational, professional, individual and patient level, which acted mainly as facilitators for NPs and barriers for RNs. These factors were: 1) policy and legislation; 2) organizational policy support (leadership and strategies to support nurses’ practice change); facility and employment arrangements (supply and availability of human resources); Inter-professional collegiality; 3) professional boundaries; 4) knowledge and capabilities; and 5) patient perceptions. Conclusions Our findings suggest that healthcare decision-makers and organizations need to redefine the boundaries of each category of nursing practice within AA, and create an optimal professional and organizational context that supports practice transformation. They highlight the need to structure teamwork efficiently, and integrate and maximize nurses’ capacities within the team throughout AA implementation in order to reduce waiting times.

scholarly journals Sexually transmitted infections and sexual behaviors of men who have sex with men in an American Deep South PrEP clinic

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronnie M Gravett ◽  
Andrew O Westfall ◽  
Edgar T Overton ◽  
Kachina Kudroff ◽  
Christina A Muzny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Deep South ◽  
Multiple Sexual Partners ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Sex With Men

HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) effectively prevents HIV acquisition among men who have sex with men (MSM), but PrEP uptake has been associated with sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The effect of PrEP on STIs in MSM in the Deep South of the United States is unknown. We performed a retrospective analysis of adult MSM at an American Deep South PrEP clinic to calculate the prevalence and incidence rate of bacterial STIs (chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis) and identify associated risk factors by linking incident STI to patient-reported outcomes; 139 MSM accessed the clinic between 2014 and 2018 with baseline bacterial STI prevalence of 11%. Twenty-six of 81 eligible MSM on PrEP had incident STIs with an incidence rate of 33.1 cases per 100 person-years. Significantly higher proportions of high PrEP adherence, multiple sexual partners, and inconsistent condom use were seen in those with incident STI, and we identified MSM with both high PrEP adherence and multiple sexual partners as being at especially high risk for bacterial STIs (hazard ratio: 7.57, 95% confidence interval: 1.75–32.74). Bacterial STIs are common after initiating PrEP in this clinic, and MSM reporting high PrEP adherence and multiple sexual partners have a significant risk for incident STI. High-risk sexual behaviors persisted after starting PrEP, highlighting the importance of ongoing, intensive sexual health screening and interventions.

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