The Relationship Between Media Multitasking Behavior and Executive Function in Adolescence: A Replication Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 027243162095047
Author(s):  
Doris Antonia Rogobete ◽  
Thea Ionescu ◽  
Mircea Miclea
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Task Shifting ◽  
Original Study ◽  
Media Multitasking ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Extreme Groups ◽  
The Relationship

The proliferation of digital gadgets and increased media consumption among adolescents has raised interest and concern regarding possible effects on cognitive functioning. Research investigating this relationship has yielded mixed results. This study aims to replicate the research conducted by Baumgartner et al. concerning the relationship between adolescent media multitasking and executive functioning on a sample of 296 Romanian early adolescents. The same methodology as the original study was followed and its findings were partially replicated. Mainly, results of regression analyses indicated that more media multitasking with media activities was related to more self-reported executive difficulties, but not with performance on three computerized executive functioning tasks. Media multitasking with non-media activities was unrelated to executive functioning. When comparing extreme groups, however, heavier media multitasking was associated with faster performance on the task-shifting and inhibition computerized tasks. Implications for cognitive development and research methodology are discussed.

scholarly journals Developmental Differences in the Relationships Between Sensorimotor and Executive Functions

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloe Gordon-Murer ◽  
Tino Stöckel ◽  
Michael Sera ◽  
Charmayne M. L. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Developmental Differences ◽  
Sensorimotor Function ◽  
Hand Coordination ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sensorimotor Performance

BackgroundThere is evidence that sensorimotor and executive functions are inherently intertwined, but that the relationship between these functions differ depending on an individual’s stage in development (e.g., childhood, adolescence, adulthood).ObjectiveIn this study, sensorimotor and executive function performance was examined in a group of children (n = 40; 8–12 years), adolescents (n = 39; 13–17 years), and young adults (n = 83; 18–24 years) to investigate maturation of these functions, and how the relationships between these functions differ between groups.ResultsAdults and adolescents outperformed children on all sensorimotor and executive functions. Adults and adolescents exhibited similar levels of executive functioning, but adults outperformed adolescents on two sensorimotor functioning measures (eye-hand coordination spatial precision and proprioceptive variability). Regression analysis demonstrated that executive functions contribute to children’s sensorimotor performance, but do not contribute to adolescent’s sensorimotor performance.ConclusionThese findings highlight the key role that developmental stage plays in the relationship between sensorimotor and executive functions. Specifically, executive functions appear to contribute to more successful sensorimotor function performance in childhood, but not during adolescence. It is likely that sensorimotor functions begin to develop independently from executive functions during adolescence, and therefore do not contribute to successful sensorimotor performance. The change in the relationship between sensorimotor and executive functions is important to take into consideration when developing sensorimotor and executive function interventions.

Self-Regulation Mindsets: Relationship to Coping, Executive Functioning, and ADHD

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeni L. Burnette ◽  
Alexandra D. Babij ◽  
Lauren E. Oddo ◽  
Laura E. Knouse
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Growth Mindset ◽  
Avoidant Coping ◽  
Adhd Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic Status ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: We examined if mindsets about the stability (fixed mindset) or malleability (growth mindset) of self-regulation predicted coping with setbacks. We also investigated relations with Executive Function (EF) deficits and ADHD status. Methods: In two correlational studies (Study 1, N = 204; Study 2, N = 184, ADHD, n = 34, Non-ADHD, n = 150), participants reported on their mindsets, self-regulatory abilities, and responded to assessments related to a setback about which they wrote. Results: Across both studies, growth mindsets predicted less negative affect, greater efficacy, and less avoidant coping. The relationship between mindsets and these responses did not depend on EF deficits (Study 1 and Study 2) nor ADHD diagnostic status (Study 2), but participants with greater EF deficits and an ADHD diagnosis reported weaker growth mindsets of self-regulation. Discussion: Findings support the evaluation and development of growth mindset interventions to help individuals with disorders of self-regulation to cope more effectively.

The Relationship Between Media Multitasking and Executive Function in Early Adolescents

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 1120-1144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne E. Baumgartner ◽  
Wouter D. Weeda ◽  
Lisa L. van der Heijden ◽  
Mariëtte Huizinga
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Early Adolescents ◽  
Media Multitasking ◽  
The Relationship

Evidence for an Association between Gender-Role Identity and a Measure of Executive Function

2002 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill M. Norvilitis ◽  
Howard M. Reid
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Role Identity ◽  
Gender Role Identity ◽  
Bem Sex Role Inventory ◽  
Biological Sex ◽  
The Relationship

Two studies assessed the relation between gender role and executive function. In Study One ( N = 234) analyses indicated that among college students executive function, assessed by the Coolidge and Griego scale, is related to masculine gender-role classification, measured by the Bem Sex-role Inventory. This relationship remained significant when biological sex was controlled. Further, factor analysis of the Bem Sex-role Inventory identified six components, three related to executive function. Two of these scales were associated with masculine characteristics, and the third was associated with the denial of several feminine items. Study Two ( N = 55) further assessed the relationship among undergraduates through additional measures of executive functions and mood, in addition to the Bem Sex-role Inventory. In this study, executive functioning, as measured by the Coolidge and Griego scale, was again generally related to masculinity. Psychological well-being was not related to gender identity or executive functioning.

Executive function processes mediate the impact of working memory impairment on intelligence in schizophrenia

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Wongupparaj ◽  
V. Kumari ◽  
R.G. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Structural Equation Modelling ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Intellectual Function ◽  
Equation Modelling ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractObjective:The study investigated working memory, executive functions (conceptualized as response inhibition, updating, and shifting), and intelligence in schizophrenia, using structural equation modelling to determine the relationship between working memory and intelligence, testing whether specific executive functions act as a mediator for the association.Method:One hundred and twenty-five individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia and 64 healthy participants were included in the study, tested using measures of working memory, intelligence and executive functioning. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to estimate direct and indirect associations between main measures.Results:The schizophrenia group had significantly lower working memory, executive function and intelligence than the healthy group. The relationship between working memory and intelligence was significantly mediated by inhibition, updating and shifting functions.Conclusion:The study indicates a mediating role of executive functions in determining the association between working memory and intellectual function in schizophrenia. It is further proposed that in people with schizophrenia, cognitive remediation approaches targeting working memory through executive functioning may in turn improve intellectual function generally.

scholarly journals Severity of Anxiety During COVID-19 Outbreak and Its Relationship with self-related skills of Executive Functions in Children

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
sakineh soltani ◽  
maryam bordbar ◽  
Somayeh Zarenejhad ◽  
Seyedeh Manizheh arabi
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Disease Outbreak ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Situational Anxiety ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Some children experience a greater deal of anxiety during the outbreak of COVID-19. Behavioral dimensions of executive function appear to be linked to situational anxiety experience. Therefore, the primary aim of the present study is to investigate the relationship between self-related skills of executive functions before the outbreak of COVID-19 and the level of physical and mental anxiety in children during this pandemic. Also, the secondary goal of this study is to predict the level of anxiety based on self-related skills of executive functions. Methods: Information were obtained from Barkley Deficits in Executive Functioning Scale (BDEFS), which was collected from 300 healthy children over two months before the COVID-19 outbreak. The children anxiety was measured based on parent’s reposes to an online anxiety scale when the disease outbreak. Results: The results showed that the total score of self-related skills of executive functions was negatively and significantly related to the anxiety level (r =- .53). In general, the results also demonstrated that self-related skills of executive functions can predict 28% of anxiety. The subscales of self-management (p<0.015, t= 5.56), self-regulation (p<0.011, t= 6.37), self-restraint (p<0.035, t = 4.29) and emotional self-organization (p <0.042, p=0.222) predicted coronavirus anxiety, except self-motivation (p<0.05, p = 0.894). Conclusions: Given that most subscales of executive function predict anxiety tied to critical situations such as the prevalence of coronavirus, it seems that greater attentions should be allocated to the fostering and development of children's executive functions by teaching such skills via playing.

Exploring the Potential Impact of Sentence-Level Comprehension and Sentence-Level Fluency on Deaf Students' Passage Comprehension

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (7) ◽  
pp. 2281-2292
Author(s):  
Ying Zhao ◽  
Xinchun Wu ◽  
Hongjun Chen ◽  
Peng Sun ◽  
Ruibo Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Vocabulary Knowledge ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Deaf Students ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Sentence Level ◽  
Mediating Mechanisms ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This exploratory study aimed to investigate the potential impact of sentence-level comprehension and sentence-level fluency on passage comprehension of deaf students in elementary school. Method A total of 159 deaf students, 65 students ( M age = 13.46 years) in Grades 3 and 4 and 94 students ( M age = 14.95 years) in Grades 5 and 6, were assessed for nonverbal intelligence, vocabulary knowledge, sentence-level comprehension, sentence-level fluency, and passage comprehension. Group differences were examined using t tests, whereas the predictive and mediating mechanisms were examined using regression modeling. Results The regression analyses showed that the effect of sentence-level comprehension on passage comprehension was not significant, whereas sentence-level fluency was an independent predictor in Grades 3–4. Sentence-level comprehension and fluency contributed significant variance to passage comprehension in Grades 5–6. Sentence-level fluency fully mediated the influence of sentence-level comprehension on passage comprehension in Grades 3–4, playing a partial mediating role in Grades 5–6. Conclusions The relative contributions of sentence-level comprehension and fluency to deaf students' passage comprehension varied, and sentence-level fluency mediated the relationship between sentence-level comprehension and passage comprehension.

In Search of the Prosocial Personality

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja Wertag ◽  
Denis Bratko
Keyword(s):  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Prosocial behavior is intended to benefit others rather than oneself and is positively linked to personality traits such as Agreeableness and Honesty-Humility, and usually negatively to the Dark Triad traits (i.e., Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy). However, a significant proportion of the research in this area is conducted solely on self-report measures of prosocial behavior. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between prosociality and the basic (i.e., HEXACO) and dark personality traits, comparing their contribution in predicting both self-reported prosociality and prosocial behavior. Results of the hierarchical regression analyses showed that the Dark Triad traits explain prosociality and prosocial behavior above and beyond the HEXACO traits, emphasizing the importance of the Dark Triad in the personality space.

Cognitive Factors Mediate the Relation Between Age and Flight Path Maintenance in General Aviation

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Van Benthem ◽  
Chris M. Herdman
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Flight Path ◽  
General Aviation ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Pilot Performance ◽  
Pilot Error ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Identifying pilot attributes associated with risk is important, especially in general aviation where pilot error is implicated in most accidents. This research examined the relationship of pilot age, expertise, and cognitive functioning to deviations from an ideal circuit trajectory. In all, 54 pilots, of varying age, flew a Cessna 172 simulator. Cognitive measures were obtained using the CogScreen-AE ( Kay, 1995 ). Older age and lower levels of expertise and cognitive functioning were associated with significantly greater flight path deviations. The relationship between age and performance was fully mediated by a cluster of cognitive factors: speed and working memory, visual attention, and cognitive flexibility. These findings add to the literature showing that age-related changes in cognition may impact pilot performance.

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