Feline Melanoma: A Comparative Study of Ocular, Oral, and Dermal Neoplasms

1988 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Patnaik ◽  
S. Mooney
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Cutaneous Melanoma ◽  
Ciliary Body ◽  
Spindle Cell ◽  
Time Of Death ◽  
Oral Melanoma ◽  
Intraocular Tumors ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time

Melanomas diagnosed in 29 cats over an 11 year period included 19 ocular (16 intraocular, three palpebral), five oral, and five dermal melanomas. Intraocular melanomas involved the ciliary body and iris in 12; the whole eye was involved in four. The average age of cats with intraocular melanomas was 11 years; the female:male ratio was 9:7. Histologically, eight intraocular tumors were mixed, six were epithelioid, and two were spindle cell. Ten of 16 cats (62.5%) with intraocular melanomas were killed because of the tumor at a mean of 156 days; four arc living with no evidence of disease (average, 255 days). The mean time of death in cats with palpebral melanoma was 409 days. Metastasis occurred in 63% of cats with intraocular melanoma and all cats with palpebral melanoma. Four cats with oral melanoma were killed at a mean of 61 days; all had metastasis. Of five cats with cutaneous melanoma, one was killed with metastasis at 90 days; three cats were alive without evidence of recurrence or metastasis >365 days after surgery. Results of this study indicate that in the cat, ocular melanomas are more common than oral and dermal melanomas, and ocular and oral melanomas arc more malignant than dermal melanomas, with higher rates of mortality and metastasis.

Survival of Listeria monocytogenes Strain H7762 and Resistance to Simulated Gastric Fluid following Exposure to Frankfurter Exudate†

2004 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 1170-1176 ◽  
Author(s):  
LAURA D. WONDERLING ◽  
DARRELL O. BAYLES
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Gastric Fluid ◽  
Simulated Gastric Fluid ◽  
Time Of Death ◽  
Nonlinear Regression Analysis ◽  
Underlying Distribution ◽  
Acid Sensitivity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time

Listeria monocytogenes strain H7762, a frankfurter isolate, was tested to determine whether it was able to survive at 4°C in frankfurter pack fluid (exudate) and to determine whether food exposure affects its acid sensitivity. Cultures were sampled and tested for acid sensitivity by challenge with simulated gastric fluid (SGF). SGF challenges performed immediately after inoculation revealed that between 20 and 26% of the cells survived the full 30 min of SGF challenge regardless of whether the cells were inoculated into brain heart infusion broth (BHI) or exudate. After 2 days of incubation, cells exposed to both exudate and BHI had significantly decreased SGF resistance; however, the cells exposed to exudate were significantly more SGF resistant than cells exposed to BHI (after 15 min of SGF treatment, 33% of the exudate-exposed cells survived and 12% of the BHI-exposed cells survived). L. monocytogenes exposed to exudate had greater SGF resistance at all challenge times compared with BHI-exposed cells from day 2 through day 4. From days 8 to 15, exudate-exposed cells continued to have greater SGF resistance than BHI-exposed cells up to 10 min of SGF challenge but were as sensitive as the BHI-exposed cells at 20 to 30 min of challenge. By day 25, cells exposed to exudate were significantly more sensitive to SGF challenge than BHI-exposed cells. The survivor data generated from SGF challenges were modeled by a nonlinear regression analysis to calculate the underlying distribution of SGF resistance found in the challenged populations. These analyses indicated that L. monocytogenes exposed to exudate at 48C had a broader distribution of resistance to SGF compared with cells exposed to BHI at 4°C. In addition, the mean time of death during SGF treatment was greater after exposure to exudate, indicating that cells exposed to exudate were more resistant to killing by SGF. These data suggest that exposure to frankfurter exudate might render L. monocytogenes more able to survive the stomach environment during the initial stages of infection.

scholarly journals TREATMENT OF VIBRIOSIS DISEASE (Vibrio harveyi) IN VANAME SHRIMP (Litopenaeus vannamei, Boone 1931) USING Avicennia alba LEAVES EXTRACT

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 909
Author(s):  
Dian Rusadi ◽  
Wardiyanto Wardiyanto ◽  
Rara Diantari
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Vibrio Harveyi ◽  
Time Of Death ◽  
Mangrove Plant ◽  
Vibrio Infection ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Avicennia Alba ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Better Than

Avicennia alba is a mangrove plant that often ued by coastal society as a traditional medecine, it is potential to be dveloped as the sources of pharmaceutical. The aim of the research is to examine the effect of Avicennia alba leaves extract various concentrations to Vibrio harveyi infection on vaname shrimp. The addition of the extract is thought to be used as an antibacterial so that it can give effect to the attack of V. harveyi in vaname shrimp. Vaname shrimps (total of 120 shrimps) with a weight of 10±2g/ind were injected intramuscularly with V. harveyi bacteria in 107 CFU/ml density. After the occurrences of clinical symptoms, the shrimps were immersed into A. alba leaves extract with concentration 0 ppm, 150 ppm, 250 ppm, and 350 ppm for 21 days. The results showed that the addition leaves extract can increase shrimp’s survival rate as much as 46.67% and increase the shrimp’s ability to prevent (RPS) V. harveyi infection untill of 70±15%. The mean time of death (MTD) was 106±18.33 hours, it caused there ar active compounds contained such as saponin, tannin, and steroid be suspected antibacterial so that they can protect shrimp from the effect of Vibrio infection damage. Giving a concentration of 250 ppm Avicennia alba leaves extract can treat vaname shrimp which was attacked by V. harveyi better than other treatments.

Clinical Evaluation of W14859 (Liquid Thrombin) on Upper Gastro-Intestinal Haemorrhage – Comparative Study of W14859 versus Topical Thrombin

1989 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 479-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Nakajima ◽  
S. Himeno
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Clinical Evaluation ◽  
Oral Treatment ◽  
Direct Application ◽  
Efficacy Rate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time

W14859 (liquid thrombin) was used to treat upper gastro-intestinal haemorrhage confirmed by endoscopy. Haemostatic effects were compared with those of topical thrombin. W14859 was administered directly under endoscopy and/or orally in 29 patients with upper gastro-intestinal haemorrhage. Haemostasis was achieved using direct application and subsequent oral thrombin in 17/19 (89.5%) cases, and direct or oral treatment alone in 4/6 (66.7%) cases. The efficacy rate was higher in non-transfused patients. In all 25 stomach biopsy patients, haemostasis was achieved within 60 s of directly applying W14859. There was no significant difference between the mean time taken by W14859 (17.7 ± 2.1 s) and topical thrombin (14.6 ± 2.0 s) and no adverse events were observed in any of the patients. It is, therefore, believed that W14859 can be routinely used in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Metarhizium brunneum Petch Fungi is Effective as a Bioinsecticide Against Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren Termite Pests in the Laboratory

Elkawnie ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 259
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sayuthi ◽  
Teguh Santoso ◽  
Iswadi Iswadi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Value ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Time Of Death ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
And Control ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Density Treatment

Abstract: Nutmeg is a plantation crop and has high economic value. Currently, the cultivation of nutmeg is experiencing many obstacles. One of them is termite pests. So far, the control is carried out using chemical insecticides and hurts the environment. Therefore it is necessary to control other environmentally friendly ways, and one of them is by using the fungi M. brunneum as an ecologically friendly bioinsecticide. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of M. brunneum as a bioinsecticide against the termite C. curvignathus as an essential pest in nutmeg plantations. This research using a completely randomized design (CRD). The results showed that the mean percentage viability of M. brunneum conidia at each observation time was classified as useful. The germination of conidia increased to 89.78 % after 72 hours of observation. Conidia density 103/ mL distilled water. The highest mortality rate of C. curvignathus was found at a density of 1010 conidia/ mL of distilled water. The mean time of death for C. curvignathus after application of conidia density treatment of 1010/ mL of distilled water was 2.15 days and the death of C. curvignathus was 3.35 days using conidia density treatment 103/ mL of distilled water. 1 day after application reaches 33.20 % and increases to observation at 5 days after application reaches 100 %. The highest food inhibition occurred in treatment 1010/ mL distilled water (65.81 %) which was significantly different from treatment 105/ mL distilled water (43.23 %), and 103/ mL distilled water (41.61 %) and control (0.00).Abstrak: Pala merupakan tanaman perkebunan dan bernilai ekonomi tinggi. Pada saat ini budidayanya mengalami banyak hambatan. Satu diantaranya adalah serangan hama rayap. Selama ini  pengendalian hama rayap dilakukan dengan menggunakan insektisida kimia dan berpengaruh negatif terhadap lingkungan. Oleh karenanya perlu pengendalian cara lain yang ramah lingkungan dan satu diantaranya dengan menggunakan cendawan M. brunneum sebagai bioinsektisida yang ramah lingkungan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis efektivitas M. brunneum sebagai bioinsektisida terhadap hama rayap C. curvignathus. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Hama Tanaman dan Laboratorium Dasar Proteksi Tanaman Program Studi Proteksi Tanaman Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala, sejak bulan Februari hingga September 2018, dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persentase viabilitas rata-rata dari konidia M. brunneum pada setiap waktu pengamatan tergolong efektif. Perkecambahan konidia semakin meningkat hingga mencapai 89,78 % setelah diamati pada jam yang ke 72. Rata-rata waktu kematian rayap C. curvignathus setelah aplikasi perlakuan kerapatan konidia 1010/ mL akuades adalah 2,15 hari dan terjadi kematian rayap C. curvignathus 3.35 hari dengan menggunakan perlakuan kerapatan konidia 103/ mL akuades. Rata-rata mortalitas tertinggi rayap C. curvignathus ditemukan pada perlakuan kerapatan konidia 1010/mL aquades. 1 HSA mencapai 33,20% dan meningkat hingga pengamatan pada 5 HSA mencapai 100%. Daya hambat makan tertinggi terjadi pada perlakuan 1010/ mL aquades (65,81%) yang berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan 105/mL aquades (43,23%) dan 103/ mL aquades (41,61%) serta kontrol (0,00%).

Predicting Daily Maintenance Dose of Fluindione, an Oral Anticoagulant Drug

1996 ◽  
Vol 75 (05) ◽  
pp. 731-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Cazaux ◽  
B Gauthier ◽  
A Elias ◽  
D Lefebvre ◽  
J Tredez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Maintenance Dose ◽  
Successive Approximations ◽  
Hemorrhagic Complication ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Individual Variations ◽  
Anticoagulant Drug ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Daily Maintenance Dose

SummaryDue to large inter-individual variations, the dose of vitamin K antagonist required to target the desired hypocoagulability is hardly predictible for a given patient, and the time needed to reach therapeutic equilibrium may be excessively long. This work reports on a simple method for predicting the daily maintenance dose of fluindione after the third intake. In a first step, 37 patients were delivered 20 mg of fluindione once a day, at 6 p.m. for 3 consecutive days. On the morning of the 4th day an INR was performed. During the following days the dose was adjusted to target an INR between 2 and 3. There was a good correlation (r = 0.83, p<0.001) between the INR performed on the morning of day 4 and the daily maintenance dose determined later by successive approximations. This allowed us to write a decisional algorithm to predict the effective maintenance dose of fluindione from the INR performed on day 4. The usefulness and the safety of this approach was tested in a second prospective study on 46 patients receiving fluindione according to the same initial scheme. The predicted dose was compared to the effective dose soon after having reached the equilibrium, then 30 and 90 days after. To within 5 mg (one quarter of a tablet), the predicted dose was the effective dose in 98%, 86% and 81% of the patients at the 3 times respectively. The mean time needed to reach the therapeutic equilibrium was reduced from 13 days in the first study to 6 days in the second study. No hemorrhagic complication occurred. Thus the strategy formerly developed to predict the daily maintenance dose of warfarin from the prothrombin time ratio or the thrombotest performed 3 days after starting the treatment may also be applied to fluindione and the INR measurement.

Gamma knife radiosurgery for uveal melanomas: an 8-year experience

2000 ◽  
Vol 93 (supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 184-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Langmann ◽  
Gerhard Pendl ◽  
Georg Papaefthymiou ◽  
Helmuth Guss ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Knife ◽  
Ciliary Body ◽  
Tumor Regression ◽  
Gamma Knife Radiosurgery ◽  
Neovascular Glaucoma ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Prescription Dose ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fine Print ◽  
Uveal Melanomas

Object. The authors report their experience using gamma knife radiosurgery (GKS) to treat uveal melanomas. Methods. Between 1992 and 1998, 60 patients were treated with GKS at a prescription dose between 45 Gy and 80 Gy. The mean diameter of the tumor base was 12.2 mm (range 3–22 mm). The mean height of the tumor prominence was 6.7 mm (range 3–12 mm). The eye was immobilized. The follow-up period ranged from 16 to 94 months. Tumor regression was achieved in 56 (93%) of 60 patients. There were four recurrences followed by enucleation. The severe side effect of neovascular glaucoma developed in 21 (35%) patients in a high-dose group with larger tumors and in proximity to the ciliary body. A reduction in the prescription dose to 40 Gy or less and excluding treatment to tumors near the ciliary body decreased the rate of glaucoma without affecting the rate of tumor control. Conclusions. Gamma knife radiosurgery at a prescription dose of 45 Gy or more can achieve tumor regression in 85% of the uveal melanomas treated. Neovascular glaucoma can develop in patients when using this dose in tumors near the ciliary body. It is advised that such tumors be avoided and that the prescription dose be reduced to 40 Gy.

Retrospective analysis of mortality within 30 days of systemic anticancer therapy and comparison with a previous audit at an Australian Regional Cancer Centre

2021 ◽  
pp. 107815522110160
Author(s):  
Bernadatte Zimbwa ◽  
Peter J Gilbar ◽  
Mark R Davis ◽  
Srinivas Kondalsamy-Chennakesavan
Keyword(s):  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Anticancer Therapy ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Feedback Process ◽  
Time To Death ◽  
Cancer Centre ◽  
Haematology Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Regional Cancer Centre ◽  
Mean Time

Purpose To retrospectively determine the rate of death occurring within 14 and 30 days of systemic anticancer therapy (SACT), compare this against a previous audit and benchmark results against other cancer centres. Secondly, to determine if the introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), not available at the time of the initial audit, impacted mortality rates. Method All adult solid tumour and haematology patients receiving SACT at an Australian Regional Cancer Centre (RCC) between January 2016 and July 2020 were included. Results Over a 55-month period, 1709 patients received SACT. Patients dying within 14 and 30 days of SACT were 3.3% and 7.0% respectively and is slightly higher than our previous study which was 1.89% and 5.6%. Mean time to death was 15.5 days. Males accounted for 63.9% of patients and the mean age was 66.8 years. 46.2% of the 119 patients dying in the 30 days post SACT started a new line of treatment during that time. Of 98 patients receiving ICI, 22.5% died within 30 days of commencement. Disease progression was the most common cause of death (79%). The most common place of death was the RCC (38.7%). Conclusion The rate of death observed in our re-audit compares favourably with our previous audit and is still at the lower end of that seen in published studies in Australia and internationally. Cases of patients dying within 30 days of SACT should be regularly reviewed to maintain awareness of this benchmark of quality assurance and provide a feedback process for clinicians.

Vitamin D Level Stability in Dystrophinopathy Patients on Vitamin D Supplementation

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Naomi Vather-Wu ◽  
Matthew D. Krasowski ◽  
Katherine D. Mathews ◽  
Amal Shibli-Rahhal
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Frequent Monitoring ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Stable Maintenance ◽  
Mean Time

Background: Expert guidelines recommend annual monitoring of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) and maintaining 25-OHD ≥30 ng/ml in patients with dystrophinopathies. Objective: We hypothesized that 25-OHD remains stable and requires less frequent monitoring in patients taking stable maintenance doses of vitamin D. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study, using the electronic health record to identify 26 patients with dystrophinopathies with a baseline 25-OHD ≥30 ng/mL and at least one additional 25-OHD measurement. These patients had received a stable dose of vitamin D for ≥3 months prior to their baseline 25-OHD measurement and throughout follow-up. The main outcome measured was the mean duration time the subjects spent with a 25-OHD ≥30 ng/mL. Results: Only 19% of patients dropped their 25-OHD to <  30 ng/ml, with a mean time to drop of 33 months and a median nadir 25-OHD of 28 ng/mL. Conclusions: These results suggest that measurement of 25-OHD every 2–2.5 years may be sufficient in patients with a baseline 25-OHD ≥30 ng/mL and who are on a stable maintenance dose of vitamin D. Other patients may require more frequent assessments.

scholarly journals Surveillance System in Smart Cities: A Dependability Evaluation Based on Stochastic Models

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 876
Author(s):  
Igor Gonçalves ◽  
Laécio Rodrigues ◽  
Francisco Airton Silva ◽  
Tuan Anh Nguyen ◽  
Dugki Min ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surveillance System ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Heterogeneous Data ◽  
Time To Failure ◽  
Video Streams ◽  
Dependability Evaluation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Surveillance monitoring systems are highly necessary, aiming to prevent many social problems in smart cities. The internet of things (IoT) nowadays offers a variety of technologies to capture and process massive and heterogeneous data. Due to the fact that (i) advanced analyses of video streams are performed on powerful recording devices; while (ii) surveillance monitoring services require high availability levels in the way that the service must remain connected, for example, to a connection network that offers higher speed than conventional connections; and that (iii) the trust-worthy dependability of a surveillance system depends on various factors, it is not easy to identify which components/devices in a system architecture have the most impact on the dependability for a specific surveillance system in smart cities. In this paper, we developed stochastic Petri net models for a surveillance monitoring system with regard to varying several parameters to obtain the highest dependability. Two main metrics of interest in the dependability of a surveillance system including reliability and availability were analyzed in a comprehensive manner. The analysis results show that the variation in the number of long-term evolution (LTE)-based stations contributes to a number of nines (#9s) increase in availability. The obtained results show that the variation of the mean time to failure (MTTF) of surveillance cameras exposes a high impact on the reliability of the system. The findings of this work have the potential of assisting system architects in planning more optimized systems in this field based on the proposed models.

scholarly journals The impact of COVID-19 infection on hip fracture 30-day mortality

Trauma ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 146040862094972
Author(s):  
Ahmed Fadulelmola ◽  
Rob Gregory ◽  
Gavin Gordon ◽  
Fiona Smith ◽  
Andrew Jennings
Keyword(s):  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Hip Fractures ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Primary Outcome Measure ◽  
Time To Death ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mean Time

Introduction: A novel virus, SARS-CoV-2, has caused a fatal global pandemic which particularly affects the elderly and those with comorbidities. Hip fractures affect elderly populations, necessitate hospital admissions and place this group at particular risk from COVID-19 infection. This study investigates the effect of COVID-19 infection on 30-day hip fracture mortality. Method: Data related to 75 adult hip fractures admitted to two units during March and April 2020 were reviewed. The mean age was 83.5 years (range 65–98 years), and most (53, 70.7%) were women. The primary outcome measure was 30-day mortality associated with COVID-19 infection. Results: The COVID-19 infection rate was 26.7% (20 patients), with a significant difference in the 30-day mortality rate in the COVID-19-positive group (10/20, 50%) compared to the COVID-19-negative group (4/55, 7.3%), with mean time to death of 19.8 days (95% confidence interval: 17.0–22.5). The mean time from admission to surgery was 43.1 h and 38.3 h, in COVID-19-positive and COVID-19-negative groups, respectively. All COVID-19-positive patients had shown symptoms of fever and cough, and all 10 cases who died were hypoxic. Seven (35%) cases had radiological lung findings consistent of viral pneumonitis which resulted in mortality (70% of mortality). 30% ( n = 6) contracted the COVID-19 infection in the community, and 70% ( n = 14) developed symptoms after hospital admission. Conclusion: Hip fractures associated with COVID-19 infection have a high 30-day mortality. COVID-19 testing and chest X-ray for patients presenting with hip fractures help in early planning of high-risk surgeries and allow counselling of the patients and family using realistic prognosis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document