Migraine symptomatology and major depressive disorder

Cephalalgia ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 1073-1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lannie Ligthart ◽  
Brenda WJH Penninx ◽  
Dale R Nyholt ◽  
Marijn A Distel ◽  
Eco JC de Geus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Qualitative Comparison ◽  
Symptom Profiles ◽  
Migraine Prevalence ◽  
Similar Disease ◽  
Migrainous Headache

Introduction and objective: Migraine and major depressive disorder (MDD) frequently co-occur, but it is unclear whether depression is associated with a specific subtype of migraine. The objective of this study was to investigate whether migraine is qualitatively different in MDD patients ( N = 1816) and non-depressed controls ( N = 3428). Methods: Migraine symptom data were analyzed using multi-group Latent Class Analysis, and a qualitative comparison was made between the symptom profiles of MDD patients and controls, while allowing for differences in migraine prevalence and severity between groups. Results: In both groups, three migrainous headache classes were identified, which differed primarily in terms of severity. Both mild and severe migrainous headaches were two to three times more prevalent in MDD patients. Migraine symptom profiles showed only minor qualitative differences in the MDD and non-MDD groups: in the severe migrainous headache class, significant differences were observed only in the prevalence of aggravation by physical activity (83% and 91% for the non-MDD and MDD groups, respectively) and aura (42% vs. 53%, respectively). Conclusion: The similar overall symptom profiles observed in the MDD and non-MDD subjects suggest that a similar disease process may underlie migraine in both groups.

scholarly journals Clinical differences between bipolar and unipolar depression

2008 ◽  
Vol 192 (5) ◽  
pp. 388-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liz Forty ◽  
Daniel Smith ◽  
Lisa Jones ◽  
Ian Jones ◽  
Sian Caesar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Bipolar Depression ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Symptom Profiles ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Course Variables ◽  
Depressive Episodes

SummaryIt is commonly – but wrongly – assumed that there are no important differences between the clinical presentations of major depressive disorder and bipolar depression. Here we compare clinical course variables and depressive symptom profiles in a large sample of individuals with major depressive disorder (n=593) and bipolar disorder (n=443). Clinical characteristics associated with a bipolar course included the presence of psychosis, diurnal mood variation and hypersomnia during depressive episodes, and a greater number of shorter depressive episodes. Such features should alert a clinician to a possible bipolar course. This is important because optimal management is not the same for bipolar and unipolar depression.

Vascular Disease and Trajectories of Late-life Major Depressive Disorder in Secondary Psychiatric Care

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s242-s242
Author(s):  
K. Musliner ◽  
T. Laursen ◽  
T. Munk-Olsen ◽  
X. Liu ◽  
P. Mortensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Cerebrovascular Disease ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Related Risk

ObjectivesTo examine 5 years trajectories of secondary-treated late-life major depressive disorder (MDD), and evaluate whether pre-existing cerebrovascular disease and related risk factors are associated with more severe trajectories of late-life MDD.MethodsData were obtained from Danish registers. The sample included 11,184 adults ≥ 60 at index MDD diagnosis. Trajectories of in or outpatient contact at psychiatric hospitals for MDD over the 5 years period following index MDD diagnosis were modeled using latent class growth analysis. Risk factors included cerebrovascular disease, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, and vascular dementia defined based on hospital diagnoses and prescription medications, demographic characteristics and characteristics of the index MDD diagnosis.ResultsThe final model included classes with consistently low (66%), high decreasing (19%), consistently high (9%) and moderate fluctuating (6%) probabilities of contact at a psychiatric hospital for MDD during the 5 year period following the index MDD diagnosis (Fig. 1). Older age, greater severity, inpatient treatment and > 12 antidepressant prescriptions within 5 years of the index MDD diagnosis predicted membership in more severe trajectory classes. Cerebrovascular disease and related risk factors were not associated with trajectory class membership.ConclusionsA substantial proportion (34%) of individuals diagnosed with MDD in late-life require specialized psychiatric treatment for extended periods of time. We found no evidence that cerebrovascular disease or related risk factors predicted course trajectories in secondary-treated late-life MDD.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Subtypes of Depression: Latent Class Analysis in Spanish Old People with Depressive Symptoms

Life ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Sergio Pérez-Belmonte ◽  
Laura Galiana ◽  
Patricia Sancho ◽  
Amparo Oliver ◽  
José M. Tomás
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Subsequent Treatment ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Important Public Health Problem

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most disabling disorders and the one that most contributes to disability. When it occurs in older people, it is an additional burden to their potential physical and cognitive deficiencies, making MDD an important public health problem that supposes a large investment in health. There is a clear lack of consistency between the subtypes of depression found in the literature, ranging from two to seven classes, with three being the most commonly found non-melancholic, melancholic and psychotic, or putative psychotics. The aim of this research is to add knowledge to the profiles of depressive symptoms in a representative sample of older Spanish people, and to study the possible relationship of these symptom profiles with variables that have traditionally been related to depression. Spanish data from the sixth wave of SHARE were used, with 612 Spanish older adults living in Spain. A routine of several LCAs with a different number of classes was performed to answer this first aim to classify Spanish adults with depression symptoms. The results pointed out the presence of three different classes among the participants in the study: psychosomatic (11.12%), melancholic (14.21%), and anhedonic (74.67%). This work represents a step forward to understand the heterogeneity of major depressive disorder, facilitating the diagnosis, and subsequent treatment of older adults.

scholarly journals Cornu Ammonis Changes Are at the Core of Hippocampal Pathology in Depression

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 247054701984937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren Roddy ◽  
Veronica O’Keane
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Biol Psychiatry ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
The Core ◽  
Output Circuit ◽  
Cornu Ammonis

Commentary on: Roddy DW, Farrell C, Doolin K, Roman E, Tozzi L, Frodl T, O'Keane V, O'Hanlon E. The Hippocampus in Depression: More Than the Sum of Its Parts? Advanced Hippocampal Substructure Segmentation in Depression. Biol Psychiatry. 2019 Mar 15;85(6):487-497. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.08.021. Epub 2018 Sep 6. PubMed PMID: 30528746. The hippocampus is a key cognitive hub implicated in major depressive disorder. However, major depressive disorder neuroimaging studies have used inconsistent anatomical hippocampal definitions to estimate hippocampal volumes, leading to some heterogeneity in findings. In a recent paper, we used a novel reassembly of automated hippocampal substructures (composites) to build alternative anatomical hippocampal definitions and used these to investigate differences in a well-defined cohort of major depressive disorder patients and healthy controls. We found that the most significant differences between major depressive disorder and healthy controls were localized to the core cornu ammonis (CA) regions of the hippocampus. The CA2–4 regions were smaller in first episode major depressive disorder, whereas more widespread differences were found in recurrent/chronic major depressive disorder, suggestive of a potential disease process in major depressive disorder. In this commentary, we also show how new hippocampal composites to investigate sections of the hippocampal circuitry demonstrate that differences in major depressive disorder occur across the input, middle and output circuit nodes of the hippocampal core. Hippocampal pathology localized across the core hippocampal CA circuity may account for the diverse and wide-ranging symptoms often experienced in depression.

scholarly journals Structure of major depressive disorder in adolescents and adults in the US general population

2012 ◽  
Vol 201 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Femke Lamers ◽  
Marcy Burstein ◽  
Jian-ping He ◽  
Shelli Avenevoli ◽  
Jules Angst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
National Comorbidity Survey ◽  
Nationally Representative

BackgroundAlthough techniques such as latent class analysis have been used to derive empirically based subtypes of depression in adult samples, there is limited information on subtypes of depression in youth.AimsTo identify empirically based subtypes of depression in a nationally representative sample of US adolescents, and to test the comparability of subtypes of depression in adolescents with those derived from a nationally representative sample of adults.MethodRespondents included 912 adolescents and 805 adults with a 12-month major depressive disorder, selected from the National Comorbidity Survey Adolescent Supplement and the National Comorbidity Survey Replication samples respectively. Latent class analysis was used to identify subtypes of depression across samples. Sociodemographic and clinical correlates of derived subtypes were also examined to establish their validity.ResultsThree subtypes of depression were identified among adolescents, whereas four subtypes were identified among adults. Two of these subtypes displayed similar diagnostic profiles across adolescent and adult samples (P=0.43); these subtypes were labelled ‘severe typical’ (adults 45%, adolescents 35%) and ‘atypical’ (adults 16%, adolescents 26%). The latter subtype was characterised by increased appetite and weight gain.ConclusionsThe structure of depression observed in adolescents is highly similar to the structure observed in adults. Longitudinal research is necessary to evaluate the stability of these subtypes of depression across development.

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