Conduct Disordered Adolescents from a Community Sample*

1987 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 756-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javad H. Kashani ◽  
Anasserile E. Daniel ◽  
Leigh A. Sulzberger ◽  
Tomas K. Rosenberg ◽  
John C. Reid
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Psychiatric Problem ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Conduct Disordered

This study reports on a group of adolescents with conduct disorder in a community sample. Utilizing structured interviews for the adolescents and their parents, and strict requirements for caseness, conduct disorder was found to be the most common psychiatric problem (along with anxiety disorders). Various instruments were used. The findings, including approaches to conflict resolution in adolescents and their parents, are discussed.

Relationships between attention to emotion and anxiety among a community sample of adolescents

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Benjamin C. Mullin ◽  
Jacob B. W. Holzman ◽  
Laura Pyle ◽  
Emmaly L. Perks ◽  
Yaswanth Chintaluru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Attentional Bias ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Control Analysis ◽  
Attentional Processes ◽  
Anxious Youth ◽  
Case Control Analysis

Abstract Background Attentional bias to threat has been implicated as a cognitive mechanism in anxiety disorders for youth. Yet, prior studies documenting this bias have largely relied on a method with questionable reliability (i.e. dot-probe task) and small samples, few of which included adolescents. The current study sought to address such limitations by examining relations between anxiety – both clinically diagnosed and dimensionally rated – and attentional bias to threat. Methods The study included a community sample of adolescents and employed eye-tracking methodology intended to capture possible biases across the full range of both automatic (i.e. vigilance bias) and controlled attentional processes (i.e. avoidance bias, maintenance bias). We examined both dimensional anxiety (across the full sample; n = 215) and categorical anxiety in a subset case-control analysis (n = 100) as predictors of biases. Results Findings indicated that participants with an anxiety disorder oriented more slowly to angry faces than matched controls. Results did not suggest a greater likelihood of initial orienting to angry faces among our participants with anxiety disorders or those with higher dimensional ratings of anxiety. Greater anxiety severity was associated with greater dwell time to neutral faces. Conclusions This is the largest study to date examining eye-tracking metrics of attention to threat among healthy and anxious youth. Findings did not support the notion that anxiety is characterized by heightened vigilance or avoidance/maintenance of attention to threat. All effects detected were extremely small. Links between attention to threat and anxiety among adolescents may be subtle and highly dependent on experimental task dimensions.

“Why can’t I Have the Office Jobs?”: Immigrant Latinx Transgender Peoples’ Experiences with Seeking Employment

2021 ◽  
pp. 089484532110629
Author(s):  
Roberto L. Abreu ◽  
Kirsten A. Gonzalez ◽  
Louis Lindley ◽  
Cristalís Capielo Rosario ◽  
Gabriel M. Lockett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
The United States ◽  
Disability Benefits ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Transgender People ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Positive Experiences

Research has documented the experiences of transgender people in seeking employment. To date, no scholarship has explored the experiences of immigrant Latinx transgender people seeking employment in the United States. Using an intersectionality framework, the present study aimed to uncover the experiences of immigrant Latinx transgender people as they sought employment in the United States. A community sample of 18 immigrant Latinx transgender people from a large metropolitan city in Florida engaged in semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis revealed five themes related to participants’ experiences seeking employment, including: (1) discrimination, (2) limited options, (3) positive experiences, (4) momentary de-transition, and (5) disability benefits as financial relief. Future directions such as exploring ways in which immigrant Latinx transgender people resist discrimination while seeking job opportunities are discussed. Implications for practice and advocacy such as advocating for equitable employment policies that acknowledge the intersectional experiences of this community are presented.

Use of the Draw-a-Person with Conduct-Disordered Children

1994 ◽  
Vol 78 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1353-1354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janelle M. Feyh ◽  
Cooper B. Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Conduct Disordered

The Draw-A-Person test was administered to 40 conduct-disordered and 40 nonconduct-disordered children and adolescents. There were 20 boys and 20 girls, ages 10 to 16 years, in each group. Two independent judges rated the drawings for presence or absence of indicators of aggressiveness that should accompany a conduct disorder, but no significant differences were found between groups or sexes.

Schizophrenia, Conduct Disorder and Depressive Disorder: Neuropsychological, Speech Sample and EEG Results

1983 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carole L. Selin ◽  
Louis A. Gottschalk
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Neuropsychological Impairment ◽  
Rhythm Perception ◽  
Category Test ◽  
Conduct Disordered ◽  
Test Use ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between degree of schizophrenia and neuropsychological impairment was investigated in 24 adolescent and adult hospitalized and non-hospitalized psychiatric patients with diagnoses of depressive disorder, conduct disorder, and schizophrenia. Schizophrenic adults and conduct disordered adolescents showed greater cognitive impairment than depressed patients on a neuropsychological test of rhythm perception and attention and showed greater frequency of EEG abnormality. Schizophrenics were differentiated from other groups by their impaired abstraction ability on the Halstead-Reitan Category Test. Use of these tests for prediction of adolescents at high risk for schizophrenia was discussed.

scholarly journals GPs’ experiences of children with anxiety disorders in primary care: a qualitative study

2017 ◽  
Vol 67 (665) ◽  
pp. e888-e898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doireann O’Brien ◽  
Kate Harvey ◽  
Bridget Young ◽  
Tessa Reardon ◽  
Cathy Creswell
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Childhood Anxiety ◽  
Care Process ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Specialist Services

BackgroundAnxiety disorders have a median age of onset of 11 years and are the most common emotional disorders in childhood; however, a significant proportion of those affected do not access professional support. In the UK, GPs are often the first medical professional that families see so are in a prime position to support children with anxiety disorders; however, currently there is little research available on GPs’ perspectives on and experiences of supporting children with these disorders.AimTo explore the experiences of GPs in relation to identification, management, and access to specialist services for children (<12 years) with anxiety disorders.Design and settingTwenty semi-structured interviews were conducted with GPs in primary care throughout England.MethodGPs reflected a diverse group in relation to the ethnic and socioeconomic profile of registered patients, GP age, sex, professional status, previous engagement with research, and practice size and location. Purposive sampling was used to recruit GPs until theoretical saturation was reached. Data were analysed using a constant comparative method of thematic analysis.ResultsData from 20 semi-structured interviews were organised into three themes: decision making, responsibility, and emotional response, with an overarching theme of GPs feeling ill equipped. These themes were retrospectively analysed to illustrate their role at different stages in the primary care process (identification, management, and access to specialist services).ConclusionGPs feel ill equipped to manage and support childhood anxiety disorders, demonstrating a need for medical training to include greater emphasis on children’s mental health, as well as potential for greater collaboration between primary and specialist services.

scholarly journals Amygdala-orbitofrontal structural and functional connectivity in females with anxiety disorders, with and without a history of conduct disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Lindner ◽  
Pär Flodin ◽  
Peter Larm ◽  
Meenal Budhiraja ◽  
Ivanka Savic-Berglund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
History Of

Slippery desire: Women’s qualitative accounts of their vaginal lubrication and wetness

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 280-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Breanne Fahs
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Function ◽  
Sexual Arousal ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Qualitative Studies ◽  
Biological Phenomenon ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Brain Chemistry ◽  
Vaginal Lubrication ◽  
And Function

In the shadows of the cultural obsession with male erections, women’s vaginal lubrication and experiences of wetness have received surprisingly little academic attention. Framed largely as a biological or normative behavioral “sexual function” issue and not as a subjective experience, no previous qualitative studies have asked women to discuss their feelings about their vaginal lubrication and wetness. This study analyzed semi-structured interviews with 20 women from a diverse 2014 community sample collected in a large Southwestern U.S. city in order to examine American women’s subjective feelings about their own vaginal lubrication and wetness, particularly the sensations they experience and the meanings they make around wetness. Results revealed four themes in how women described vaginal lubrication: (1) wetness as pleasure, joy, and connection; (2) wetness as physical and biological phenomenon; (3) anxiety about insufficient wetness; and (4) having excessive or “too much” wetness. Tensions surrounding women’s sexual anxieties and where they place responsibility for “too little” wetness is discussed in tandem with analyses of how pleasure and arousal may (or may not) overlap with feelings about sexual normality and health. Ultimately, renewed attention to the complexities of women’s sexual arousal and function, particularly in stark contrast with pharmaceutical efforts to medicate women’s sexual arousal and reduce it to “brain chemistry,” are examined.

scholarly journals Representaciones sociales, conciliación en equidad y justicia comunitaria: un estudio de caso / Social Representations, Equitiy Conciliation and Community Justice: A Case Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Alfonso Torregrosa Jiménez ◽  
Norhys Torregrosa Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Community Justice ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Masses ◽  
The City

ABSTRACTaccess problems and dysfunctions of the judiciary, in all societies there are communal forms of conflict resolution. Community and institutional mechanisms for conflict resolution can provide the ability to handle conflict from the values, habits and customs of the communities and not from the mere formality of state justice inaccessible to the masses. Thus, the Settlement in Equity is one of the alternatives through which the popular sectors can get for themselves and through community leaders, a righteousness that is in accordance with the needs and responsibilities of the direct stakeholders of the community. Thus, the purpose of the research is to investigate the social representations (RS) of the concepts of fairness, justice and coexistence Community Ratings equity conciliation of a town in the city of Bogotá, Colombia. In addition, as we are interested in identifying the point of view of these users, ie, their opinions, attitudes and information, is that the theoretical and methodological approach used RS. So, be described by methods and with the support of the theoretical framework, the cognitive dimension of the RS user. Such representations are interpreted through formalization that conform segmenting in graphic forms (codes), the corpus of semi-structured interviews applied to users, considered as a continuation of separate occurrences among themselves, delimited by several characters. These occurrences are analyzed, both quantitatively and qualitatively.RESUMENPor problemas de acceso y disfunciones del aparato judicial, en todas las sociedades existen formas comunitarias de resolución de conflictos. Los mecanismos comunitarios e institucionales de solución de conflictos pueden brindar la posibilidad de tramitar los conflictos a partir de los valores, los usos y las costumbres de las comunidades y no desde la mera formalidad de la justicia estatal inaccesible para los sectores populares. Así, la Conciliación en Equidad es una de las alternativas a través de la cual los sectores populares pueden obtener por ellos mismos y a través de líderes comunitarios, una justicia que esté de acuerdo con las necesidades y responsabilidades de los actores directos de la comunidad. De este modo, el propósito de la investigación es indagar sobre las representaciones sociales (RS) de los conceptos de equidad, justicia comunitaria y convivencia de los usuarios de la conciliación en equidad de una Localidad en la ciudad de Bogotá-Colombia. Y como lo que interesa es identificar el punto de vista de estos usuarios, es decir, sus opiniones, actitudes e información, es que se usa el enfoque teórico-metodológico de las RS. Así, se describirá, a través de métodos y con el apoyo de los referentes teóricos, la dimensión cognitiva de las RS de los usuarios. Dichas representaciones son interpretadas a través de formalizaciones que se conforman segmentando en formas gráficas (códigos), el corpus de entrevistas semi-dirigidas aplicadas a los usuarios, considerado como una continuación de ocurrencias separadas, entre sí, mediante varios caracteres delimitados. Estas ocurrencias son analizadas, tanto desde el punto de vista cuantitativo como cualitativo.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF COLONIALISM ON INDIGENOUS CONFLICT RESOLUTION SYSTEMS AMONG POKOT AND TURKANA COMMUNITIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Mary Wahome ◽  
Daniel Ng’ang’a
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Conflict Management ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Informal Justice ◽  
Current State ◽  
Pastoral Communities ◽  
Different Cultures

Colonialism impacted local cultures far beyond their infrastructure, government and geography. In addition to eroding indigenous power structures, the structural violence inflicted during colonialism left native populations with lasting self-doubt and rejection of traditional practices. Among these rejected traditions were informal processes and mechanisms of resolving conflicts. Conflict resolution methods in different cultures often vary greatly in underlying values and perceptions. Western judicial systems reflect individualistic, high uncertainty-avoidant, low-context tendencies, while indigenous conflict resolution methods reflect collectivistic, minimal uncertainty-avoidant and high-context tendencies. Research into the current state of formal courts and informal justice forums in Pokot and Turkana Counties provides case study-based evidence arguing that the transition from restorative justice (Lapai) ffered by indigenous justice mechanisms to retributive justice catalyzed by  colonialism has effectively weakened both the Turkana and Pokot systems of justice. Due to impacted value systems, neither the restorative, socialharmony focus of traditional processes, nor the retributive, compensatory justice focus of the formal judicial system make the available forums wholly appropriate or adequate resources. This has left the two communities torn between two distinct choices - the western and indigenous approaches to conflict management. The main objective of this research was to investigate the effects of colonialism on indigenous conflict management in Pokot and Turkana counties. These were both positive and negative effects. To achieve this objective the overarching question was;“how did colonialism affect the indigenous approaches to conflict management in Pokot and Turkana counties? The study was designed to apply qualitative research methods. Both structured and semi-structured interviews were conducted along the Turkana-Pokot borders. This paper proposes a hybrid model in conflict management, not only for the Pokot and Turkana pastoral communities, but also to other pastoral communities with similar set-ups.

scholarly journals Resilience of Adolescents Diagnosed with Anxiety and Their Parents in Clinical Sample

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Krisztina Törő ◽  
Szabolcs Takács ◽  
Gábor Csikós
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Group ◽  
Psychiatric Problem ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Psychological Difficulties

Anxiety disorder is the most frequent psychiatric problem among children and adolescents. Research proved that resilience can be a protective factor in coping with psychological difficulties. Our research focuses on these aspects of resilience. Aims: We aimed to investigate the resilience and anxiety level of families with adolescents who were diagnosed with anxiety disorders. The clinical sample included 40 adolescents who were diagnosed with anxiety disorders and who received ambulant treatment. (18 boys and 22 girls; age: M=13.37 years, SD=1.46). Members of the control group were recruited from schools and they were normally developing adolescents without any psychiatric diagnosis. (18 boys and 19 girls, age: M=13.7 years; SD=1.56) DASS-21, Ten items Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and self-made demographic sheet were used. Regarding the resilience, a Significant difference was found between the clinical and the sample group both among the mothers and their children. However, in the case of fathers, no discrepancy was found. Our results suggest that there is a significant, moderate positive relationship between the resilience of the mother and their children. Nevertheless, similar mechanisms in the fathers’ case cannot be registered. In the control group, the fathers’ perception of their child’s resilience proved to be the strongest predictive factor (beta=0,495). On the contrary in the clinical group, the maternal perception was more accurate. (beta=0,06). Resilience can serve as a protective factor against anxiety. Our results can be useful for practitioners and draw attention to the importance of intrafamily mechanisms in coping with anxiety and mood disorders.

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