Microwave-assisted surface modification for the separation of polycarbonate from polymethylmethacrylate and polyvinyl chloride waste plastics by flotation

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 294-300
Author(s):  
Luoluo Huang ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Chongqing Wang ◽  
Junyao Zhao ◽  
Bo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Permanganate ◽  
Polyvinyl Chloride ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Separation Process ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Waste Plastics ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Microwave Assisted

Microwave-assisted potassium permanganate modification (MPPM) was used for the flotation separation of polycarbonate (PC) from polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) waste plastics. The separation process was optimized by investigating the potassium permanganate concentration, treatment time, flotation time and frother concentration. MPPM selectively reduced the flotation recovery of PC. The optimum conditions were determined to be: potassium permanganate concentration, 2 mM/L; treatment time, 1 min; frother concentration, 17.57 g/L; and flotation time, 1 min. PC was efficiently separated from PVC and PMMA under the optimum conditions. The purity of the separated PC was 97.71%. The purity and recovery of PVC and PMMA were both >95%. The modification mechanism was investigated using the water contact angles, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry and scanning electron microscopy. This work provides technical insights into the industrial recycling of waste plastics.

scholarly journals Effect of Modified Silica Materials on Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Substrates to Obtain Transparent and Hydrophobic Hybrid Coatings

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 11044
Author(s):  
Violeta Purcar ◽  
Valentin Rădițoiu ◽  
Alina Rădițoiu ◽  
Florentina Monica Raduly ◽  
Georgiana Cornelia Ispas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Chloride ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Hybrid Coatings ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Silica Coatings ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Silica Materials ◽  
Window Blinds

In this research, we report a simple and inexpensive way to prepare transparent and hydrophobic hybrid coatings through deposition of different silica materials on polyvinyl chloride (PVC) substrates. The silica materials were prepared using an acid-catalyzed sol–gel method at room temperature (25 ± 2 °C), using alkoxysilanes: tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), as the silica source, and ethoxydimethylvinylsilane (DMVES), triethoxyoctylsilane (OTES), and trimethoxyhexadecylsilane (HDTMES), as modifier agents. The obtained materials were characterized (either as powders or as thin films) by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV/Vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), atomic force microscopy (AFM), spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE), and water contact-angle measurements. UV/Vis spectra showed that the PVC substrate coated with the silica material containing TEOS/DMVES/OTES had a transmittance of about 90% in the wavelength range of 650–780 nm. The water contact angles increased from 83° for uncoated PVC substrate to ~94° for PVC substrates coated with the sol–gel silica materials. These PVC films with hybrid silica coatings can be used as the materials for outdoor applications, such as energy-generating solar panel window blinds or PVC clear Windmaster outdoor blinds.

scholarly journals Fabrication of a Functional Relief on the Surface of a Polyvinyl Chloride Film by Nanosecond Laser Microtexturing-=SUP=-*-=/SUP=-

2020 ◽  
Vol 128 (8) ◽  
pp. 1196
Author(s):  
I.V. Krylach ◽  
S.I. Kudryashov ◽  
R.O. Olekhnovich ◽  
V.E. Sitnikova ◽  
M.K. Moskvin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Radiation ◽  
Polyvinyl Chloride ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Nanosecond Laser ◽  
Separation And Purification ◽  
Sharp Drop ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Texture Surface ◽  
Peak Fluence

Modification of the surface of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) deposited on a copper foil under the influence of nanosecond laser radiation with different peaks fluence was studied by using infrared spectroscopy of attenuated total reflection and optical microscopy. The dependences of the wetting angle of the texture surface with water on the peak fluence of laser radiation were measured. The obtained various relief textures demonstrate a sharp drop in water contact angles from (~ 50o) to super hydrophilic (~ 15o), which allows us to design and fabricate micro-scale elements of laboratory devices for the tasks of bactericidal treatment, collection and removal of liquids, as well as their separation and purification. A stable increase in the contact angles of water with the surface of the textures to hydrophobic (~ up to 140o) observed over time indicates degradation of the polymer coating.

Effect of Ethanol Treatment on Lycopene Extraction yield

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nam Kyong-il ◽  
KIM rak-chon ◽  
Kang chang-hyok ◽  
Lee song-nam ◽  
Ryom sok-hun
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Extraction Rate ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Ethanol Treatment ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Liquid Ratio ◽  
Pretreatment Method ◽  
Ethanol Pretreatment

In order to extract lycopene more effectively, this experiment focused on the optimization of ethanol pretreatment method to study the effects of ethanol treatment on the extraction rate of lycopene and its antioxidant activity. The test results show that 2 times ethanol treatment is very effective for improving lycopene yield. The optimum conditions of ethanol treatment are temperature 50 ℃, treatment time 1 time 2h, 2 times 2h, solid to liquid ratio is 1:12. The lycopene yield can be reached 20mg / 100g above.

scholarly journals The Effect of Hydroxyl on the Superhydrophobicity of Dodecyl Methacrylate (LMA) Coated Fabrics through Simple Dipping-Plasma Crosslinked Method

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1263
Author(s):  
Liyun Xu ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Ying Guo ◽  
Ruiyun Zhang ◽  
Jianjun Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
Hydrophobic Effect ◽  
Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Binding Property ◽  
Interesting Phenomenon ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Capacitively Coupled ◽  
Pet Fabric ◽  
Dodecyl Methacrylate

In order to obtain stable superhydrophobicity, suitable hydrophobic treatment agents should be selected according to different material properties. In this paper, cotton and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fabrics were respectively coated with dodecyl methacrylate (LMA) via argon combined capacitively coupled plasma (CCP), and the surface hydrophobicity and durability of the treated cotton and polyester fabrics are also discussed. An interesting phenomenon happened, whereby the LMA-coated cotton fabric (Cotton-g-LMA) had better water repelling and mechanical durability properties than LMA-coated PET fabric (PET-g-LMA), and LMA-coated hydroxyl-grafted PET fabrics (PET fabrics were successively coated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and LMA, PET-g-PEG & LMA) had a similar performance to cotton fabrics. The water contact angles of Cotton-g-LMA, PET-g-LMA and PET-g-PEG & LMA were 156°, 153° and 155°, respectively, and after 45 washing cycles or 1000 rubbing cycles, the corresponding water contact angles decreased to 145°, 88°, 134° and 146°, 127° and 143°, respectively. Additionally, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and polyamides-6 (PA6) fabrics all exhibited the same properties as the PET fabric. Therefore, the grafting of hydroxyl can improve the hydrophobic effect of LMA coating and the binding property between LMA and fabrics effectively, without changing the wearing comfort.

scholarly journals Preparation of Zn-MOFs by microwave-assisted ball milling for removal of tetracycline hydrochloride and Congo red from wastewater

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-133
Author(s):  
Qinhui Ren ◽  
Fuhua Wei ◽  
Hongliang Chen ◽  
Ding Chen ◽  
Bo Ding
Keyword(s):  
Ball Milling ◽  
Congo Red ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Tetracycline Hydrochloride ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Wastewater Purification ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Metal Organic

Abstract In this study, we prepared Zn-MOFs as an ordinary, low-cost, and efficiency method taking advantage of zinc(ii) acetate monohydrate and 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid in microwave-assisted ball milling. The Zn-MOFs were measured via scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetry. We explored its use as a photocatalyst for the degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride and Congo red from aqueous solutions. The results demonstrate that the kinetic model was appropriate for the removal of organic pollutants. In general, it is feasible, inexpensive, and effective to use metal organic framework (MOF) to treat waste liquid. Therefore, our findings indicate that Zn-MOFs have broad application vista in wastewater purification.

scholarly journals Polypropylene/Lignin/POSS Nanocomposites: Thermal and Wettability Properties, Application in Water Remediation

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 3950
Author(s):  
Abeer Alassod ◽  
Syed Rashedul Islam ◽  
Mina Shahriari Khalaji ◽  
Rogers Tusiime ◽  
Wanzhen Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Liquid ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Water Remediation ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Thermally Induced ◽  
Dsc Measurements ◽  
Infrared Measurement ◽  
Oligomeric Silsesquioxane ◽  
Tga And Dsc

Compositing is an interesting strategy that has always been employed to introduce or enhance desired functionalities in material systems. In this paper, sponges containing polypropylene, lignin, and octavinyl-polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (OV-POSS) were successfully prepared via an easy and elegant strategy called thermally induced phase separation (TIPS). To fully explore the behaviour of different components of prepared sponges, properties were characterized by a thermogravimetric analyser (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared measurement (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, wettability properties toward an organic liquid and oil were investigated. The FTIR analysis confirmed the chemical modification of the components. TGA and DSC measurements revealed thermal stability was much better with an increase in OV-POSS content. OV-POSS modified sponges exhibited ultra-hydrophobicity and high oleophilicity with water contact angles of more than 125°. The SEM revealed that POSS molecules acted as a support for reduced surface roughness. Moreover, OV-POSS-based blend sponges showed higher sorption capacities compared with other blend sponges without OV-POSS. The new blend sponges demonstrated a potential for use as sorbent engineering materials in water remediation.

scholarly journals Physico-Chemical Characterization and Antimicrobial Properties of Hybrid Film Based on Saponite and Phloxine B

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 325
Author(s):  
Nitin Chandra teja Dadi ◽  
Matúš Dohál ◽  
Veronika Medvecká ◽  
Juraj Bujdák ◽  
Kamila Koči ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Film ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Layered Silicate ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Hybrid Films ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Physico Chemical

This research was aimed at the preparation of a hybrid film based on a layered silicate saponite (Sap) with the immobilized photosensitizer phloxine B (PhB). Sap was selected because of its high cation exchange capacity, ability to exfoliate into nanolayers, and to modify different surfaces. The X-ray diffraction of the films confirmed the intercalation of both the surfactant and PhB molecules in the Sap film. The photosensitizer retained its photoactivity in the hybrid films, as shown by fluorescence spectra measurements. The water contact angles and the measurement of surface free energy demonstrated the hydrophilic nature of the hybrid films. Antimicrobial effectiveness, assessed by the photodynamic inactivation on hybrid films, was tested against a standard strain and against methicillin-resistant bacteria of Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). One group of samples was irradiated (green LED light; 2.5 h) and compared to nonirradiated ones. S. aureus strains manifested a reduction in growth from 1-log10 to over 3-log10 compared to the control samples with Sap only, and defects in S. aureus cells were proven by scanning electron microscopy. The results proved the optimal photo-physical properties and anti-MRSA potential of this newly designed hybrid system that reflects recent progress in the modification of surfaces for various medical applications.

scholarly journals Bonding of Selected Hardwoods with PVAc Adhesive

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Ján Iždinský ◽  
Ladislav Reinprecht ◽  
Ján Sedliačik ◽  
Jozef Kúdela ◽  
Viera Kučerová
Keyword(s):  
Adhesion Strength ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Solid Wood ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Positive Tendency ◽  
The Impact

The bonding of wood with assembly adhesives is crucial for manufacturing wood composites, such as solid wood panels, glulam, furniture parts, and sport and musical instruments. This work investigates 13 hardwoods—bangkirai, beech, black locust, bubinga, ipé, iroko, maçaranduba, meranti, oak, palisander, sapelli, wengé and zebrano—and analyzes the impact of their selected structural and physical characteristics (e.g., the density, cold water extract, pH value, roughness, and wettability) on the adhesion strength with the polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) adhesive Multibond SK8. The adhesion strength of the bonded hardwoods, determined by the standard EN 205, ranged in the dry state from 9.5 MPa to 17.2 MPa, from 0.6 MPa to 2.6 MPa in the wet state, and from 8.5 MPa to 19.2 MPa in the reconditioned state. The adhesion strength in the dry state of the bonded hardwoods was not influenced by their cold water extracts, pH values, or roughness parallel with the grain. On the contrary, the adhesion strength was significantly with positive tendency influenced by their higher densities, lower roughness parameters perpendicular to the grain, and lower water contact angles.

scholarly journals Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Ti–6Al–4V Surfaces with Single-Scale Micotextures by using Two-Step Laser Irradiation and Silanization

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 3816
Author(s):  
Haidong He ◽  
Risheng Hua ◽  
Xuan Li ◽  
Chunju Wang ◽  
Xuezhong Ning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Laser Fluence ◽  
Rolling Direction ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Single Scale ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Hierarchical Multiscale

Laser irradiation is a popular method to produce microtextures on metal surfaces. However, the common laser-produced microtextures were hierarchical (multiscale), which may limit their applicability. In this paper, a method of two-step laser irradiation, combining first-step strong ablation and sequentially second-step gentle ablation, was presented to produce micron-rough surface with single-scale microtextures. The effect of laser fluence on the Ti–6Al–4V surface morphology and wettability were investigated in detail. The morphology results revealed that the microtextures produced using this method gradually evolved from multiscale to single-scale meanwhile from microprotrusions to microholes with increasing the second-step laser fluence from 0.0 to 2.4 J/cm2. The wettability and EDS/XPS results indicated that attributing to the rich TiO2 content and micron roughness produced by laser irradiation, all the two-step laser-irradiated surfaces exhibited superhydrophilicity. In addition, after silanization, all these superhydrophilic surfaces immediately turned to be superhydrophobic with close water contact angles of 155–162°. However, due to the absence of nanotextures, the water-rolling angle on the superhydrophobic surfaces with single-scale microtextures distinctly larger than those with multiscale ones. Finally, using the two-step laser-irradiation method and assisted with silanization, multifunctional superhydrophobic Ti–6Al–4V surfaces were achieved, including self-cleaning, guiding of the water-rolling direction and anisotropic water-rolling angles (like the rice-leaf), etc.

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