Factors Associated With Extended Breastfeeding in India

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arpit R. Mehta ◽  
Sigamani Panneer ◽  
Suparna Ghosh-Jerath ◽  
Elizabeth F. Racine
Keyword(s):  
Median Duration ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Health Effect ◽  
World Health ◽  
Breastfeeding Duration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Duration Of Breastfeeding

Background: Extended breastfeeding duration is common in India. Extended breastfeeding protects the infant from infectious disease and promotes child spacing. In the 1990s, the median breastfeeding duration in India was 24 months. Research aim: This study aimed to investigate the median duration of breastfeeding in India and to identify the factors associated with extended breastfeeding to 24 months as recommended by the World Health Organization. Methods: This cross-sectional data analysis used nationally representative data from the 2011–2012 Indian Human Development Survey II. The outcome in this study was extended breastfeeding defined as breastfeeding to 24 months or more. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify the factors associated with extended breastfeeding. Results: The median duration of breastfeeding was 12 months; approximately 25% of women breastfed 24 months or more. Women were at greater odds of breastfeeding 24 months or more if the infant was a boy compared with a girl, if the women lived in a rural area compared with an urban area, if the women were married at a young age (< 17 vs. 20 years or older at marriage), and if the delivery was assisted by a friend or relative compared with a doctor. Conclusion: The median duration of breastfeeding has decreased by 50% from 1992–1993 to 2011–2012. The women who continue to breastfeed 24 months or more tend to be more traditional (i.e., living in rural areas, marrying young, and having family/friends as birth attendants). Further research to study the health effect of decreased breastfeeding duration is warranted.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Maternal Concerns of Exclusive Breast Feeding in Libyan Women in Albaida City

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-111
Author(s):  
Mohamed Thabet Ali ◽  
Faiza M. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Median Duration ◽  
Outpatient Clinic ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Affecting Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negative Perceptions ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Duration Of Breastfeeding

Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is strongly recommended by the World Health Organization, United Nation Children's Fund (UNICEF), and American Academy of Pediatrics during the first six months of life. Breastfeeding should continue up to two years for optimal growth and development while it is suggested to start supplementary foods beginning from the seventh month. The study aimed to determine the frequency and examine the affecting factors of EBF in infants who attended the pediatrics outpatient clinic in Althawra Hospital in Albaida city, Libya. A cross-sectional study was conducted in eight months period among 223 breastfeeding mothers, with infants aged 6-24 months, who attended the pediatrics Outpatient clinic. Mothers’ perceptions about breastfeeding, complementary feeding practices, and demographic characteristics were collected by interviews with them. EBF periods were 1-45 weeks, Median week was 17 weeks. Six months EBF rate was 32,28%. Younger mother (≤ 20) or older (≥35) ages, and mothers having chronic diseases had a shorter median week of EBF. The median duration of breastfeeding was 9 months (0-24 months). The most frequent reason of the early interruption of EBF was, according to mother’s perceptions, for having inadequate breast milk (50.3 %). The study indicates that the frequency of 6 months EBF (32,28%) and the median duration of breastfeeding (17 weeks) are low in Albaida. A local strategy must be developed to overcome mothers negative perceptions about EBF in the first 6 months of age.

scholarly journals Breastfeeding Duration and Its Effective Factors in Mothers with Children Aged 30-36 Months in Kerman in 2020

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sedighe Mirafzali ◽  
Ali Akari Sari ◽  
somayeh alizadeh
Keyword(s):  
World Health ◽  
Breastfeeding Duration ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Right ◽  
Rural Mothers ◽  
Duration Of Breastfeeding ◽  
Mean Time

Abstract Introduction: Complete cessation of breastfeeding (CCB) at the right time is as important as starting breastfeeding, as well as identifying the factors that affect the duration of breastfeeding, so that breastfeeding promotion programs focus on these causes, to increase mothers' ability and desire to breastfeed. This study aimed to determine the time of CCB and its related factors.Methods: This study was a descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional type. A total of 802 urban and rural mothers with children aged from 30 to 36 months completed the questionnaire. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were confirmed by Cronbach's alpha of 85%. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16.Results: The mean time of breastfeeding was 19.23±7.09 and the median was 22-month-year. About 41% of children were breastfed until 24-month-year. There was a significant relationship between the time of cessation of breastfeeding with contraception, number of households, place of residence, and weight at 6-month-year at the level of 0.05.Conclusion: Duration of breastfeeding is influenced by some demographic and cultural factors. The timing of the CCB differs from the suggestions of the World Health Organization (WHO) and religious teachings. Useful interventions are needed to increase the duration of breastfeeding.

scholarly journals “Yes, I’m interested in taking PrEP!”: PrEP interest among women respondents to the European community-based survey “Flash! PrEP in Europe”

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0246037
Author(s):  
Rosemary M. Delabre ◽  
Adeline Bernier ◽  
Flor Sánchez ◽  
Antoine Vilotitch ◽  
Sophocles Chanos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Final Multivariable Model ◽  
Cdc Guidelines ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis

The World Health Organization recommends pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for all populations at substantial risk of HIV infection, including women. However, data regarding PrEP interest among women is lacking, particularly in Europe. Factors associated with interest in using PrEP were assessed among women respondents to the Flash! PrEP in Europe (FPIE) survey. This community-based cross-sectional study, conducted in 12 European countries, aimed to assess PrEP knowledge and interest. “High objective risk” (HOR) was assessed using established risk criteria following EACS and CDC guidelines. Factors associated with interest in using PrEP were assessed in univariable and multivariable logistic regression models. Among 678 women, 12.5% (n = 85) were considered at HOR, 46.8% (n = 317) indicated prior PrEP knowledge and 18.0% (n = 122) reported interest in using PrEP. Among women at HOR, 40.0% (n = 34) were interested in PrEP. Factors significantly associated with PrEP interest in the final multivariable model were: younger age (18–29 years) (aOR 1.91[95CI: 1.07; 3.41]), bad self-perceived financial status (1.84[1.09; 3.11]), migrant status (south to north) (2.87[1.05; 7.89]), single or dating relationship status (1.93[1.23; 3.03]), sexual abuse history (1.86[1.17; 2.97]), “rather high”/ “high” self-perceived HIV risk (3.21[1.32; 7.81]), and HOR (2.49[1.42; 4.35]). These results show that women at HOR and those who perceived themselves to be at high risk are interested in using PrEP. There is a critical need for targeted information and improved access to PrEP to increase uptake of this HIV prevention tool to meet PrEP interest among women.

scholarly journals Trends in snakebite mortality in India from 2000 to 2019 in a nationally representative mortality study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilson Suraweera ◽  
David Warrell ◽  
Romulus Whitaker ◽  
Geetha R Menon ◽  
Rashmi Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Substantial Progress ◽  
Low Altitude ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Health Organization

The World Health Organization call to halve global snakebite deaths by 2030 will requires substantial progress in India. We analyzed 2,833 snakebite deaths from 611,483 verbal autopsies in the nationally representative Indian Million Death Study from 2001-14, and conducted a systematic literature review from 2000-19 covering 87,590 snakebites. We estimate that India had 1.2 million snakebite deaths (average 58,000/year) from 2000-19. Nearly half occurred at ages 30-69 years and over a quarter in children <15 years. Most occurred at home in rural areas. About 70% occurred in eight higher-burden states and half during the rainy season and at low altitude. The risk of an Indian dying from snakebite before age 70 is about 1 in 250, but notably higher in some areas. More crudely, we estimate 1.11-1.77 million bites occurred in 2015, of which 70% showed symptoms of envenomation. Prevention and treatment strategies might substantially reduce snakebite mortality in India.

KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES (KAP) TOWARDS AYURVEDA, YOGA & NATUROPATHY, UNANI, SIDDHA, HOMEOPATHY (AYUSH) AND ITS USE IN DENTISTRY AMONG DENTAL PROFESSIONALS.

2021 ◽  
pp. 69-71
Author(s):  
Atul Sankhyan ◽  
Nidhi Gupta ◽  
Preety Gupta ◽  
Krishana Priya ◽  
Surbhi Jindal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Dental Curriculum ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Dental Professionals

WHO (World Health Organization) accepts that traditional systems will continue to play an important part in providing services to very large numbers of people, particularly in rural areas India has rich tradition of healing. A vast amount of medical knowledge has evolved in India over thousands of years, through trial and error in exchange and assimilation between diverse cultures. . In recent times, dental health care approaches also used holistic methods like Ayurveda, Homeopathy ad Naturopathy etc in managing diseases and conditions related to oral and related structures. Objective: To assess Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP) towards Ayurveda, Yoga & Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy (AYUSH) and its use in Dentistry among Dental Professionals. Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted among n=400 dental professionals of dental colleges in and around Chandigarh. Questionnaire was used and data was analyzed using SPSS 21.ver. Results: Out of total 400 subjects 163(41%) were males and 237(59%) were females. When knowledge of AYUSH is assessed 63% had knowledge about term complementary and alternative medicine, As much as 59% subjects wished to learn AYUSH and its use in dentistry. Among users of AYUSH treatment 73% subjects found it effective. Conclusion: Majority of subjects have a positive attitude towards AYUSH and wished to learn its use in dentistry. This makes us feel that AYUSH can be integrated with existing dental curriculum.

Is there a syndrome of bullying?

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Srabstein ◽  
Thomas Piazza
Keyword(s):  
Health And Safety ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
World Health ◽  
Emotional Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Psychosomatic Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Objective: We investigated the existence of a psychosomatic disorder associated with bullying by delineating its health and safety and correlates, and defining the demographic characteristics of the USA adolescents affected by this condition. Methods: This study was based on an analysis of USA data from the 1996 World Health Organization Health Behavior in School-aged Children survey. The survey provides nationally-representative, cross-sectional survey information on 9938 USA students in Grades 6–10. We examined those students who were involved in bullying as a victim and/or as a bully, with or without a self-reported cluster of depression, “bad mood”, “feeling low”, “feeling nervous” and sleeping difficulties, and one or more physical symptoms (headaches, stomach aches, back aches, dizziness). Results: A cluster of physical and emotional symptoms linked to their participation in bullying as bullies and/or victims was reported by 9.5% of adolescents, with a higher frequency of 8th Grade students and a predominance of females. These students were 8.14 times more likely to hurt themselves on purpose and 4.20 times more likely to hurt others purposely than their peers who were not involved in bullying and did not suffer from a cluster of physical and emotional symptoms. Conclusions: This study may elicit further examination and debate about the existence of a nosological entity linked to bullying. Pending further research, the present results should support the need to ascertain participation in bullying, as a bully and/or as a victim, in all pediatric visits. Furthermore, there is a need to enquire about symptoms and risks related to this form of abuse.

scholarly journals Trends in snakebite deaths in India from 2000 to 2019 in a nationally representative mortality study

eLife ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilson Suraweera ◽  
David Warrell ◽  
Romulus Whitaker ◽  
Geetha Menon ◽  
Rashmi Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Substantial Progress ◽  
Low Altitude ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Health Organization

The World Health Organization call to halve global snakebite deaths by 2030 will require substantial progress in India. We analyzed 2833 snakebite deaths from 611,483 verbal autopsies in the nationally representative Indian Million Death Study from 2001 to 2014, and conducted a systematic literature review from 2000 to 2019 covering 87,590 snakebites. We estimate that India had 1.2 million snakebite deaths (average 58,000/year) from 2000 to 2019. Nearly half occurred at ages 30–69 years and over a quarter in children < 15 years. Most occurred at home in the rural areas. About 70% occurred in eight higher burden states and half during the rainy season and at low altitude. The risk of an Indian dying from snakebite before age 70 is about 1 in 250, but notably higher in some areas. More crudely, we estimate 1.11–1.77 million bites in 2015, of which 70% showed symptoms of envenomation. Prevention and treatment strategies might substantially reduce snakebite mortality in India.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice During the COVID-19 Pandemic in South-east Gabon.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roméo Karl IMBOUMY-LIMOUKOU ◽  
Barthélemy NGOUBANGOYE ◽  
Serge Ely DIBAKOU ◽  
Lydie Sandrine OYEGUE-LIBAGUI ◽  
Franck MOUNIOKO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract BackgroundCOVID-19 is an emerging respiratory disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. It has spread from China to more than 200 countries and has been declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). This survey aimed to describe the knowledge, attitudes, perception and practices (KAP) of the Gabonese public towards the COVID-19 disease.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was performed on 1016 participants aged 10 years and over in rural and urban area in south-east Gabon, using a questionnaire. All participants filled the questionnaire voluntarily, reporting demographic characteristics and answering questions assessing their level of knowledge, attitudes, perceptions and practice toward the COVID-19. ResultsAmong the 1016 participants, there were 535 men (52.7%) and 476 women (46.9%). The mean age of the participants was 33.2±16.7 years old. Almost all participants (98.1%) said that they had heard about COVID-19 but only 2.8% knew the pathogenic agent responsible for COVID-19. Only 20.9% of respondents thought that vaccination can protect them but 51.9% were looking forward to getting the vaccine when available. More than 80% knew that the disease could be transmitted by greeting infected people (87.3%), kissing an infected person (90.0%), touching an infected doorknobs (83.5%), and attending meetings (83.9%). The mean knowledge score was higher among younger than older participants, higher among participants living in urban area than those living in rural areas, and higher among participants with higher levels of education than those with lower levels of education.ConclusionIn general, respondents had good knowledge of COVID-19, and a positive attitude towards using protective measures. These results are encouraging in the fight against the spread of COVID-19 in Gabon. However, efforts are needed to improve the knowledge level in older participants, those living in rural areas and those with low levels of education. Awareness campaigns in local languages could, for example, be conducted to improve knowledge of the disease in rural areas.

scholarly journals Correlates of Hypertension among Persons with HIV at Livingstone Central Hospital: CHAP study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sody Mweetwa Munsaka ◽  
Annet Kirabo ◽  
Benson M. Hamooya ◽  
Musalula Sinkala ◽  
John R. Koethe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Salt Consumption ◽  
New Guidelines ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background: Persons with HIV (PWH) are more likely to develop hypertension and cardiovascular disease than the HIV-negative population. The new hypertension guidelines by the American Heart Association (AHA) and the American College of Cardiology (ACC) lowered the definition of hypertension from a systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) of ≥140/90mmHg to ≥130/80, respectively. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence and factors associated with hypertension in PWH using the new hypertension diagnostic criteria.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. We recruited 226 antiretroviral treated PWH attending routine visits. Socio-demographic, health, and clinical data including BP readings were collected. Interviewer-structured questionnaires adapted from the World Health Organization Stepwise approach to Surveillance (WHO STEPs) and the international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ) were used to collect data. Statistical evaluations were employed to elucidate relationships between hypertension and all response variables.Results: The prevalence of hypertension using the old and new guidelines was 16% and 42%, respectively. Factors significantly associated with increased and reduced odds for developing hypertension after adjustments in multivariate logistic regression were age, body mass index (BMI), employment status, fasting blood sugar (FBS) and table salt consumption, respectively (p<0.05 for all). Using the new AHA/ACC criteria for hypertension shifted the prevalence from 16% (old criteria) to 42%.Conclusion: The major risk factors associated with hypertension in PWH were increasing age, BMI and FBS. We recommend inclusion of FBS in routine measurements in PWH. The AHA/ACC new guidelines should be re-enforced in low-cost settings to increase the treatment of hypertension among PWH.

scholarly journals Post-Cesarean Section Maternal Health Outcome and its Determinants in Tigray Regional State, North Ethiopia.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mebrahtu Abay ◽  
Welay Gebremariam ◽  
Mirkuzie Woldie Kurie ◽  
Haileselassie Berhane ◽  
Abraham Mengstu
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Maternal Outcome ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Regional State ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Referral Status

Abstract Back ground Cesarean section rate is increasing worldwide. However, the World Health Organization has declared that there is insufficient information on maternal outcome following cesarean section for decision making.Objective The aim of this study was to assess post cesarean section maternal outcome and its associated factors availing evidence for practice and policy.Methods Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted among 357 mothers who underwent cesarean section in six selected public general hospitals of Tigray regional State, Ethiopia. Mothers were followed for the duration of post-operative period until they became safe for discharge. The maternal outcomes were categorized into either adverse or good outcomes depending on whether mothers develop any cesarean section related morbidity or not. Logistic regression model was constructed to determine the AOR and 95% CI of independent factors associated with maternal outcome following cesarean section.Results The proportion of adverse maternal outcome was 19.3% with 95% CI of (15.7% -23.8%). Route of anesthesia administration (AOR = 0.296, 95% CI: 0.126 - 0.695) and referral status (AOR = 0.371, 95%CI: 0.214 - 0.641) were statistically significant factors associated with maternal outcome following cesarean section.Conclusion There was high proportion of adverse maternal outcome. General anesthesia and referral from lower health facilities were associated with higher risk of post-CS adverse maternal outcome. Equipping lower level health facilities with the human and material capacity for timely detection of CS indications and provision of cesarean section services could decrease the number of referrals and subsequent delays that lead to adverse maternal outcome.

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