scholarly journals Breastfeeding Duration and Its Effective Factors in Mothers with Children Aged 30-36 Months in Kerman in 2020

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sedighe Mirafzali ◽  
Ali Akari Sari ◽  
somayeh alizadeh
Keyword(s):  
World Health ◽  
Breastfeeding Duration ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Right ◽  
Rural Mothers ◽  
Duration Of Breastfeeding ◽  
Mean Time

Abstract Introduction: Complete cessation of breastfeeding (CCB) at the right time is as important as starting breastfeeding, as well as identifying the factors that affect the duration of breastfeeding, so that breastfeeding promotion programs focus on these causes, to increase mothers' ability and desire to breastfeed. This study aimed to determine the time of CCB and its related factors.Methods: This study was a descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional type. A total of 802 urban and rural mothers with children aged from 30 to 36 months completed the questionnaire. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were confirmed by Cronbach's alpha of 85%. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16.Results: The mean time of breastfeeding was 19.23±7.09 and the median was 22-month-year. About 41% of children were breastfed until 24-month-year. There was a significant relationship between the time of cessation of breastfeeding with contraception, number of households, place of residence, and weight at 6-month-year at the level of 0.05.Conclusion: Duration of breastfeeding is influenced by some demographic and cultural factors. The timing of the CCB differs from the suggestions of the World Health Organization (WHO) and religious teachings. Useful interventions are needed to increase the duration of breastfeeding.

Factors Associated With Extended Breastfeeding in India

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arpit R. Mehta ◽  
Sigamani Panneer ◽  
Suparna Ghosh-Jerath ◽  
Elizabeth F. Racine
Keyword(s):  
Median Duration ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Health Effect ◽  
World Health ◽  
Breastfeeding Duration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Duration Of Breastfeeding

Background: Extended breastfeeding duration is common in India. Extended breastfeeding protects the infant from infectious disease and promotes child spacing. In the 1990s, the median breastfeeding duration in India was 24 months. Research aim: This study aimed to investigate the median duration of breastfeeding in India and to identify the factors associated with extended breastfeeding to 24 months as recommended by the World Health Organization. Methods: This cross-sectional data analysis used nationally representative data from the 2011–2012 Indian Human Development Survey II. The outcome in this study was extended breastfeeding defined as breastfeeding to 24 months or more. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify the factors associated with extended breastfeeding. Results: The median duration of breastfeeding was 12 months; approximately 25% of women breastfed 24 months or more. Women were at greater odds of breastfeeding 24 months or more if the infant was a boy compared with a girl, if the women lived in a rural area compared with an urban area, if the women were married at a young age (< 17 vs. 20 years or older at marriage), and if the delivery was assisted by a friend or relative compared with a doctor. Conclusion: The median duration of breastfeeding has decreased by 50% from 1992–1993 to 2011–2012. The women who continue to breastfeed 24 months or more tend to be more traditional (i.e., living in rural areas, marrying young, and having family/friends as birth attendants). Further research to study the health effect of decreased breastfeeding duration is warranted.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude, and Perception of COVID-19 Pandemic in Enugu, Southeast Nigeria- The Initial Experience

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-37
Author(s):  
E. K. Mgbe ◽  
C. G. Mgbe ◽  
S. N. Ezeofor ◽  
J. F. Etiki
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
World Health ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The World ◽  
Enugu State ◽  
Health Organization

Background: The world is experiencing a global corona virus (COVID-19) pandemic. As of 9th June 2020, over 7 million confirmed cases of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and more than 400,000 deaths had been reported in more than 30 countries of the world according to World Health Organization. Aim: We aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and vulnerability perception of Enugu state residents during the coronavirus outbreak in order to facilitate better health care outcomes. Methodology: A prospective Web-based cross-sectional survey was designed for this study which was conducted in March 2020 among Enugu state residents. The obtained data were coded, validated, and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences SPSS software, version 24. Descriptive analysis was applied to calculate the frequencies and proportions and Chi-Square Test was also used. A preliminary phase was conducted to assess the validity and reliability of the questionnaire before its use.  Results: The study showed that significant number (99.6%) of the respondents had heard about Covid-19 and the most stated source of knowledge was social media (57.6%), followed by Newspaper and television shows (50.2%) while the least was from General Practitioner (GP) (8.9%). There was over 75% agreement with, and practice, of all known covid precautionary measures and less than 35% responses for wrong claims and practices about covid -19. Conclusion: The overall knowledge, attitude, and perception are high in Enugu state population although few still has background combined superstitious believes. Social media and internet are the highest used facility for acquisition of knowledge and information in Enugu, Nigeria.

scholarly journals Physical & Postural Determinants of Musculoskeletal Disorders among Dental Healthcare Professionals

2021 ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
Arsalan Humayun ◽  
Parveen Imdad Memon ◽  
Aneela Atta Ur Rahman ◽  
Fahad Jibran Siyal ◽  
Muhammad Ilyas Siddiqui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
World Health ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Health Organization

Background: According to World Health Organization, work-related health deals with all facets of health and determinants of one’s health may vary in different occupations. Identifying those determinants may be crucial for primary prevention of risks and adverse health conditions. Objective: To identify the physical and postural determinants of musculoskeletal disorders among dental healthcare professionals. Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out amongst public and private sector dentists of Hyderabad. The data was collected through pre-tested questionnaire from 132 participants. Participants’ socio-demographic characteristics, personal information, work-related factors, physical load related factors and prevalence of different musculoskeletal pain sites were analyzed through frequencies. Associations were assessed using Pearson’s coefficient the strength of association was determined via Chi-square test. Results: Females (39.4%) as compared to males (60.6%) were more affected and most subjects falling in the age group of 24-28 years with +0.66 SD. The postgraduate (77.3%) individuals were more affected as compared to their graduate counterparts. Furthermore, majority complained of neck pain (65.8%) followed by back (64%) & shoulder (59.6) pain. The study also found out that majority of the dentists (95.6%) have a reduction in activity due to MSDs. The only significant association (P value = 0.039) was found between sleeping hours/day and occurrence of MS disorders. Conclusion: Musculoskeletal disorders amongst dentists were found in remarkably high number. Wrong posture and poor physical ergonomics of workspace are attributed to higher incidence of MSDs.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Maternal Concerns of Exclusive Breast Feeding in Libyan Women in Albaida City

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-111
Author(s):  
Mohamed Thabet Ali ◽  
Faiza M. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Median Duration ◽  
Outpatient Clinic ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Affecting Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negative Perceptions ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Duration Of Breastfeeding

Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is strongly recommended by the World Health Organization, United Nation Children's Fund (UNICEF), and American Academy of Pediatrics during the first six months of life. Breastfeeding should continue up to two years for optimal growth and development while it is suggested to start supplementary foods beginning from the seventh month. The study aimed to determine the frequency and examine the affecting factors of EBF in infants who attended the pediatrics outpatient clinic in Althawra Hospital in Albaida city, Libya. A cross-sectional study was conducted in eight months period among 223 breastfeeding mothers, with infants aged 6-24 months, who attended the pediatrics Outpatient clinic. Mothers’ perceptions about breastfeeding, complementary feeding practices, and demographic characteristics were collected by interviews with them. EBF periods were 1-45 weeks, Median week was 17 weeks. Six months EBF rate was 32,28%. Younger mother (≤ 20) or older (≥35) ages, and mothers having chronic diseases had a shorter median week of EBF. The median duration of breastfeeding was 9 months (0-24 months). The most frequent reason of the early interruption of EBF was, according to mother’s perceptions, for having inadequate breast milk (50.3 %). The study indicates that the frequency of 6 months EBF (32,28%) and the median duration of breastfeeding (17 weeks) are low in Albaida. A local strategy must be developed to overcome mothers negative perceptions about EBF in the first 6 months of age.

scholarly journals Assessing the Progress towards Achieving “VISION 2020: The Right to Sight” Initiative in Ghana

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enyam Komla Amewuho Morny ◽  
Samuel Bert Boadi-Kusi ◽  
Stephen Ocansey ◽  
Samuel Kyei ◽  
Kwame Yeboah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Vision 2020 ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Delivery ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Eye Health ◽  
The Government ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Right

Purpose. The aim of this study was to analyse eye health delivery in Ghana and examine the progress towards achieving VISION 2020 indicator targets. Methods. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between October 2017 and May 2018. It used a mixed method approach including desk-based reviews, a questionnaire-based survey of eye facilities in Ghana, and interviews with eye health system stakeholders to collect information on eye health delivery in facilities owned by the Ghana Health Service (GHS), quasigovernmental bodies (security agencies), and Christian Association of Ghana (CHAG). The information was benchmarked against the World Health Organization (WHO) targets for achieving the goals of VISION 2020. Results. The magnitude of blindness and moderate to severe visual impairment (without pinhole) was 0.9% and 3.0%, respectively. The number of ophthalmologists available at the country level was 80.6% of the VISION 2020 target with optometrists and ophthalmic nurses exceeding targets for VISION 2020. The distribution of human resources was heavily skewed towards two out of the 10 regions in Ghana. Cataract surgical rate was low and met 25% of the WHO target. Basic equipment for refraction was available in the majority of facilities; however, there was a general lack of specialised eye care equipment across the country. Comparatively, CHAG facilities were better equipped than GHS facilities at the same level. Conclusion. The Government of Ghana should revitalize the goals of VISION 2020 beyond the year 2020 and spearhead a concerted effort to ensure equitable distribution of human and infrastructural resources across the country.

scholarly journals Community’s misconception about COVID-19 and its associated factors in Satkhira, Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257410
Author(s):  
Md. Bakebillah ◽  
Md. Arif Billah ◽  
Befikadu L. Wubishet ◽  
Md. Nuruzzaman Khan
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Health Organization

Introduction Misconception related to coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) have been spread out broadly and the the World Health Organization declared these as a major challenge to fight against the pandemic. This study aimed to assess COVID-19 related misconception among rural people in Bangladesh and associated socio-demographic and media related factors. Methods Multistage sampling method was used to collect data (n = 210) from three unions of Satkhira District, Bangladesh. The dependent variable was the presence of COVID-19 related misconception (Yes, No) which was generated based on respondents’ responses to a set of six questions on various types of misconception. Exposure variables were respondents’ socio-demographic characteristics, mass media and social media exposure. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the characteristics of the respondents. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to determine the factors associated with COVID-19 misconception. Results More than half of the study respondents had one or more COVID-19 related misconception. Over 50% of the total respondents considered this disease as a punishment from God. Besides, many of the respondents reported that they do not think the virus causing COVID-19 is dangerous (59%) and it is a disease (19%). Around 7% reported they believe the virus is the part of a virus war (7.2%). The bivariate analysis found the presence of socio-demographic factors of the respondents, as well as the factors related to social and mass media, were significantly associated with the COVID-19’s misconception. However, once all factors considered together in the multivariate model, misconception were found to be lower among secondary (AOR, 0.33, 95% CI: 0.13–0.84) and tertiary (AOR, 0.29, 95% CI: 0.09–0.92) educated respondents compared to the respondents with primary education. Conclusion This study obtained a very higher percentage of misconception about the COVID-19 among the respondents of Satkhira district in Bangladesh. This could be a potential challenge to fight against this pandemic which is now ongoing. Prioritizing mass and social media to disseminate evidence-based information as well as educate people about this disease are necessary.

scholarly journals Breastfeeding Duration and Related Factors among Mothers in Southeast Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 305-312
Author(s):  
Uchenna Ekwochi ◽  
Ebelechuku Francesca Ugochukwu ◽  
Chinyere Ukamaka Onubogu
Keyword(s):  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Breastfeeding Duration ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Southeastern Nigeria ◽  
Early Introduction ◽  
One Year ◽  
Nutritional Benefits ◽  
Duration Of Breastfeeding

Background: Breastfeeding is beneficial to mothers, infants and society at large. The nutritional and non-nutritional benefits are gained when practiced in line with recommended durations. Objective: The duration of breastfeeding and related factors among mothers of southeastern Nigeria were explored. Methods: This was a hospital based cross-sectional study using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data analysis employed SPSS version 20. Results: A total of 1,833 women were surveyed. Most (93.3%) were aged 20-40 years and had at least secondary education (94,6%). More than half (64.3%) were working class. Many had 1-4 children (91.5%) and a family size of ≤6 (74.2%). Up to 83.3% of the mothers breastfed for ≥12 months. Common reasons advanced for cessation of breastfeeding were pregnancy (29.8%), baby refusing to suckle (10.2%) or old enough to stop breastfeeding (18.0%). No reason for cessation was given for 22.4%. Mothers <20 years practiced non-exclusive breastfeeding or early introduction of complementary feeds, bottle-fed and were significantly least likely to breastfeed for up to one year. Conclusion: A suboptimal number of Nigerian mothers breastfed for ≥12 months. Unscientific reasons were proffered for cessation of breastfeeding. Younger mothers practiced non-exclusive breastfeeding, bottle-fed and gave early complementary feeds, negatively affecting duration of breastfeeding. Sustained individualized health education is advocated to improve duration of breastfeeding and avail young children of its wholesome nutritional benefits. Key words: Breastfeeding Cessation, Breastfeeding Duration, Lactation Cessation Determinants, Weaning Timing, Nutrition.

scholarly journals Behavior patterns in the automation of the nursing professional against the absence of sanitary prevention policies in a national hospital, 2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Mónica Meneses ◽  
Jorge Baldárrago ◽  
Sandra Velasquez
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Behavior Patterns ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
National Hospital ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pharmacological Management ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Nursing Professional

World Health Organization reports that 5% of the population of the planet could be allergic to one or more drugs or make resistance to it, due to self-medication. Objective: To determine the behavior patterns in the self-medication of the nursing professional of a National Hospital. Methodology: Quantitative cross-sectional study, a sample composed of 118 nurses. A questionnaire was used that was subjected to validity and reliability tests. For the analysis of the data, descriptive statistics were used with the statistical package SPSS version 24, respecting the ethical considerations Results: The behavior patterns of the nurses with respect to self-medication were: That of the total of respondents, 95% self-medicated without a prescription, 75% used analgesics and / or anti-inflammatories, 16% antihistamines and 6% % antipyretics Regarding the frequency of self-medication, "sometimes" was 93%, while almost always it is 6%. In the form of obtaining the dose, 43% refers to the medication literature, 38% for previous medical consultation, 15% use their personal criteria, while the main reason for self-medication is the lack of time to go to the doctor in 40 %. 37% reported having the knowledge to prescribe themselves, 14% for other reasons (lack of money, delay in care) while, 9% overload of work. Conclusions: It is confirmed that the nursing professional has competencies in pharmacological management, which facilitates the adoption of non-responsible self-medication behaviors placing them in a vulnerable situation with respect to their health.

Factors Affecting the Behavior and Duration of Breastfeeding Among Physician Mothers

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 471-477
Author(s):  
Gamze Ersen ◽  
Ismail Kasim ◽  
Ezgi Agadayi ◽  
Aybuke Demir Alsancak ◽  
Tijen Sengezer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Report ◽  
Breastfeeding Duration ◽  
Legal Rights ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Workplace Conditions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Duration Of Breastfeeding ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Night Shifts

Background Increasing breastfeeding duration may help physician mothers better counsel their patients. To improve the breastfeeding duration of physician mothers, the factors that may influence their breastfeeding duration should be known. Research Aim To investigate the breastfeeding behavior and duration among physician mothers and to determine the factors that influence breastfeeding practices. Methods This was an online prospective cross-sectional self-report survey. A 26-item author-created data-collecting tool inquiring sociodemographic and work characteristics, medical history of delivery, and breastfeeding history was sent to female physicians who had infants between 12 and 60 months of age via an online social group, “Physician Mothers,” with 11,632 members. Participants ( N = 615) responded, and descriptive statistics were analyzed. Results Participants’ mean duration of exclusive breastfeeding was 4.8 months ( SD = 1.9). The total breastfeeding length was a mean 15.8 months ( SD = 7.6). The rate of breastfeeding duration for at least 24 months was 17.8% ( n = 75). The most common reason for weaning from breastfeeding was workplace-related conditions (23.6%, n = 145). Participants reported that the mean time of resuming night shifts after delivery was 8.6 months ( SD = 4.7). The rate of participants who were unable to use their breastfeeding leave rights partially or completely was 43.6% ( n = 268). Conclusion Although legislation is in place to allow working mothers to breastfeed their infants, these legal rights were not used properly. Physician mothers should be fully supported in using their breastfeeding leave rights, and workplace conditions should be improved to enable physician mothers to breastfeed their infants for extended periods.

scholarly journals Profile of vision function amongst learners with low vision attending inclusive schools in Kakamega County, Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Doreen E. Ashioya ◽  
Peter C. Clarke-Farr
Keyword(s):  
Low Vision ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Assessment Tests ◽  
Academic Activities ◽  
Inclusive Schools ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Right ◽  
Vision Function

Background: The quality of vision function of low vision (LV) children determines their ease and success in performing activities of daily living including academic activities undertaken whilst at school.Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the vision function of LV learners attending inclusive schools in Kakamega County, Kenya.Setting: This study was designed at public primary inclusive schools in Kakamega County, with LV placements by the County Educational Assessment and Resource Center.Methods: This was a school-based cross-sectional study. A census survey identified 21 LV learners, who met the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of LV and had been assessed and placed in 11 public primary inclusive schools in Kakamega County. Participants underwent standard LV assessment tests. Data were entered into Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25 software and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Data were summarised and presented using tables, figures and percentages.Results: Out of the 21 LV learners who were selected, 19 (90.5%) were assessed. The best recorded visual acuity (VA) was 0.33 decimal notation at far and 0.02 and 0.01 in the right eye and the left eye, respectively, at near. The vast majority, 94.7%, had reduction in stereopsis, whilst 42.1% had defects in colour vision, 20.0% reduced contrast sensitivity (CS) and 15.8% had visual field impairment within the central 20 degrees.Conclusion: There is an overall decrease in vision function amongst LV learners attending inclusive schools in Kakamega County. The most affected parts of vision function are VA and stereopsis.

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