Genetic Contribution to Variation in Risk Taking: A Functional MRI Twin Study of the Balloon Analogue Risk Task

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 1679-1691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Lin Rao ◽  
Yuan Zhou ◽  
Dang Zheng ◽  
Liu-Qing Yang ◽  
Shu Li
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
Genetic Influence ◽  
Balloon Analogue Risk Task ◽  
Active Choice ◽  
Risk Taking Behavior ◽  
Adult Twins ◽  
Risk Taking Behaviors ◽  
Left Insula

Excessive risk-taking behaviors have been implicated as a potential endophenotype for substance use disorders and psychopathological gambling. However, the genetic and environmental influences on risk taking and the risk-related brain activations remain unclear. This study investigated the heritability of risk taking and the genetic influence on individual variation in risk-related brain activation. The Balloon Analogue Risk Task was used to assess individuals’ risk-taking behavior. In a sample of 244 pairs of young adult twins, we found that there was a moderate heritability (41%) of risk taking. Using voxel-level analysis, we found a moderate genetic influence on risk-related brain activation. We also found a moderate genetic correlation between risk-taking behavior and risk-related brain activation in the left insula, right striatum, and right superior parietal lobule in the active-choice condition. The present study provides important evidence for the genetic correlation between risk-taking behavior and risk-related brain activation.

scholarly journals Preprint of “How does peer competition modulates risk-taking behavior: Evidence from Event-related potentials (ERPs) in the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART)”

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Chen Zhang ◽  
Kai Dou
Keyword(s):  
Peer Influence ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Specific Effect ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Comparison Theory ◽  
Balloon Analogue Risk Task ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Risk Taking Behavior ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Risk Taking Behaviors

The relation between peer influence and risk-taking behaviors has received extensive empirical attention. However, the underlying mechanisms of whether how two-way conflicting context influences risk-taking behaviors still remain unclear. To this end, the current study used event-related potentials (ERPs) to investigate how peer competition affects risk-taking behaviors among adolescents. Twenty-four college students completed a Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART) under two contexts: single and peer competition condition. Behavioral results showed that participants prefer risk aversion in competitive context. ERPs results showed that participants induce higher N2 under peer competition in the decision-making phase. In the feedback phase, a higher P300 was observed in single condition while a more negative feedback-related negativity (FRN) was showed after loss feedback. Results are in line with social comparison theory and reinforcement learning theory. The specific effect of peer influence on risk-taking behavior has been discussed.

scholarly journals Can Risk-Taking Be an Endophenotype for Bipolar Disorder? A Study on Patients with Bipolar Disorder Type I and Their First-Degree Relatives

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 474-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ceren Hıdıroğlu ◽  
Özlem Demirci Esen ◽  
Zeliha Tunca ◽  
Şehnaz Neslihan Gűrz Yalçìn ◽  
Lauren Lombardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Type I ◽  
Balloon Analogue Risk Task ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
Risk Taking Behavior ◽  
Disorder Type ◽  
Core Features

AbstractRisk-taking behavior and impulsivity are core features of bipolar disorder. Whether they are part of the inherited aspect of the illness is not clear. We aimed to evaluate risk-taking behavior as a potential endophenotype for bipolar disorders, and its relationship with impulsivity and illness features. The Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART) and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS-11) were used to assess risk-taking behavior and impulsivity respectively in 30 euthymic bipolar I patients (BD), their 25 asymptomatic first-degree relatives (BD-R), and 30 healthy controls (HC). The primary BART outcome measure was the behavioral adjustment score (number of pumps after trials where the balloon did not pop minus the number of pumps after trials where the balloon popped). BD (p< .001) and BD-R (p= .001) had similar and significantly lower adjustment scores than HC. Only BD scored significantly higher on BIS-11 total (p= .01) and motor (p= .04) subscales than HC. Neither the BART, nor impulsivity scores associated with illness features. A limitation of this study is medicated patients and a heterogeneous BD-R were included. Riskiness may be a candidate endophenotype for bipolar disorder as it appears independently from illness features, presents similarly in BD and BD-R groups and differs from impulsivity. (JINS, 2013,19, 1–9)

scholarly journals A new look at risk-taking: Using a translational approach to examine risk-taking behavior on the balloon analogue risk task.

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 444-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly S. DeMartini ◽  
Robert F. Leeman ◽  
William R. Corbin ◽  
Benjamin A. Toll ◽  
Lisa M. Fucito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Balloon Analogue Risk Task ◽  
Translational Approach ◽  
Risk Taking Behavior ◽  
New Look

The Role of Parental Monitoring in Mediating the Link Between Adolescent ADHD Symptoms and Risk-Taking Behavior

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 1141-1147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yehuda Pollak ◽  
Bella Poni ◽  
Naama Gershy ◽  
Adi Aran
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Parental Monitoring ◽  
Parental Knowledge ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Reduce Risk ◽  
Risk Taking Behavior ◽  
Risk Taking Behaviors ◽  
Youth With Adhd

Objective: ADHD in adolescents and low level of parental monitoring have been associated with increased risk-taking behavior. The present study examined whether parental knowledge of the child’s whereabouts mediates the correlations between adolescent ADHD symptoms and risk-taking behavior. Method: Ninety-two adolescents and their parents completed questionnaires assessing perceptions of parents’ monitoring, engagement in risk-taking behaviors, and ADHD symptoms. Results: Greater engagement in risk-taking behavior correlated with higher levels of ADHD symptoms and decreased parental monitoring. Mediation analysis revealed both direct effect of ADHD symptoms on risk-taking behavior and an indirect effect mediated by level of parental knowledge. Conclusion: These findings suggest that parental knowledge is negatively affected by the presence of ADHD symptoms, and may in turn lead to risk-taking behavior. The findings emphasize the need to target parenting and in particular parental knowledge of the child’s whereabouts to reduce risk-taking behaviors among youth with ADHD.

Framing Alters Risk-Taking Behavior on a Modified Balloon Analogue Risk Task (Bart) in a Sex-Specific Manner

2010 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 699-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kara I. Gabriel ◽  
Ashley Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Balloon Inflation ◽  
Balloon Analogue Risk Task ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Specific Manner ◽  
Risk Taking Behavior ◽  
Risk And Benefit ◽  
And Behavior

Framing uncertain scenarios to emphasize potential positive or negative elements influences decision making and behavior. The current experiment investigated sex differences in framing effects on risk-taking propensity in a modified version of the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART). Male and female undergraduates completed questionnaires on sensation seeking, impulsiveness, and risk and benefit perception prior to viewing one of three framing conditions for the BART: (1) positively-framed instructions emphasizing the ability to earn money if balloons were inflated to large size; (2) negatively framed instructions emphasizing the possibility that money could be lost if balloons were inflated to bursting; and (3) completely framed instructions noting both possible outcomes. Results revealed correlations between BART performance and impulsiveness for both sexes. Compared to positive and complete framing, negatively framed instructions decreased balloon inflation time in women but not men, indicating sex differences in response to treatments designed to alter risk-taking behavior.

An Experimental Study of Risk Taking Behavior Among Adolescents: A Closer Look at Peer and Sex Influences

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 1125-1141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anouk de Boer ◽  
Margot Peeters ◽  
Ina Koning
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Peer Groups ◽  
Balloon Analogue Risk Task ◽  
Risk Taking Behavior

In this experimental study, it was examined to what extent peers and sex were important predictors of risk taking behavior of adolescents. Participants were 140 Dutch adolescents (52.9% boys, 12-15 years) who completed the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART) as a measure of risk taking behavior, either individually or in the presence of homogenous or heterogeneous peer groups. Results showed that (a) adolescents took significantly more risk when they completed the BART with peers than when they completed the risk taking task individually, (b) boys took significantly more risk when they completed the task with peers than girls but not when they completed the task individually, and (c) boys in “boy-only triads” revealed the strongest risk taking behavior compared with “mixed-girl triads” or “girl-only triads.” These results suggest that boys appear to be more susceptible to the influence of peers on risk taking behavior than girls.

scholarly journals Relational victimization and elementary schoolchildren’s risk-taking behavior: Impact of the classroom norm toward risk-taking

2019 ◽  
pp. 016502541988061
Author(s):  
Jacintha M. Tieskens ◽  
J. Marieke Buil ◽  
Susanne Koot ◽  
Pol A. C. van Lier
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Social Preference ◽  
Preference Score ◽  
Relational Victimization ◽  
Balloon Analogue Risk Task ◽  
Classroom Norms ◽  
The Social ◽  
Teacher Reports ◽  
Risk Taking Behavior ◽  
Increase In Risk

The association between relational victimization and risk-taking development in children is understudied. Also, it is not clear how the social classroom norm may affect this link. The aim of this study was, therefore, to investigate the link between relational victimization and risk-taking behavior in elementary schoolchildren, and the potential moderating role of the classroom norm salience toward risk-taking. We expected that relationally victimized children would show an increase in risk-taking behavior in classrooms that are unfavorable toward risk-taking as a way to provoke and act against the classroom norm. However, alternatively, relationally victimized children could show an increase in risk-taking behavior in classrooms that are favorable toward risk-taking as a way to fortify the feeling of belonging to the classroom. Participants were 1,009 children (50% boys) in 69 classrooms of 13 mainstream elementary schools, followed annually across ages 7–11 (Grade 1–5). Risk-taking was assessed using the Balloon Analogue Risk Task. Relational victimization was assessed using teacher reports. The classroom norm salience toward risk-taking was based on the within-classroom correlation of risk-taking with children’s social preference score among peers. Results from multilevel modeling showed that there was no significant main effect of relational victimization on risk-taking behavior. However, the classroom norm salience toward risk-taking significantly moderated the effect of relational victimization on risk-taking. Relational victimization was related to relative increases in risk-taking when classroom norms were unfavorable toward risk-taking. In classrooms where risk-taking was favored, relational victimization was related to relative decreases in risk-taking. These findings suggest that children who are relationally victimized may engage in norm-defying behavior in their classroom. Implications for further research are discussed.

scholarly journals 大学生冒险行为的心理学解读

2019 ◽  
Vol 01 (02) ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
静 许 ◽  
秀君 杨
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Psychological Perspective ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Adolescent Risk ◽  
Risk Taking Behavior ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Risk Taking Behaviors

从青少年期冒险行为的界定和大学生心理发展特点入手，从心理学视角提出大学生冒险行为的几种可能解释，然后结合实际心理咨询案例片段，分析大学生冒险行为背后的心理动力，帮助咨询师更好地理解大学生冒险行为，让其积极价值得到充分发挥，尽可能减少其消极影响。 Starting from the definition of the Adolescent risk-taking behavior and the psychological characteristics of college students，several possible explanations for college students’ risk-taking behavior were proposed from a psychological perspective. Combined with the clinical case fragments of college psychological counseling，the psychological motivation behind the risk-taking behavior of college students was analyzed. It should help the counselors to better understand the risk-taking behaviors of college students. Its positive value would be brought into full play，and its negative effects would be reduced as much as possible.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document