Protective effect of essential oil from Citrus limon against aspirin-induced toxicity in rats

The present study is planned to examine the antioxidant activity (AA) and the protective effect of the essential oil of Citrus limon (EOC) against aspirin-induced histopathological changes in the brain, lung, and intestine of female rats. For this purpose, 28 albino rats were classified to control group (group C), aspirin group (group A), EOC group (group EOC), and pretreatment with EOC and treated with aspirin group (group EOC + A). The antioxidant activities of EOC were evaluated by three different assays including reducing power, β-carotene, and scavenging of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Our results found that EOC represents, respectively (0.064 ± 0.013 and 0.027 ± 00 mg Quer E/100 µL), of flavonoid and flavonol. Then, it exhibited a potential activity of reducing power (at 300 mg/mL, which was found to be 0.82 ± 0.07), β-carotene-linoleic acid (AA% = 69.28 ± 3.5%), and scavenging of H2O2 (IC50 = 0.23 ± 0.008 mg/mL). In vivo, aspirin given to rats at the dose of 600 mg/kg body weight induced histomorphological damage in brain, lung, and intestine. However, our data found that the pretreatment with EOC offered a significant protection against the injury induced by aspirin. It can be concluded that the protective effect of EOC can be due to its antioxidant activities.

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Ducrosia ismaelis Asch. essential oil: chemical composition profile and anticancer, antimicrobial and antioxidant potential assessment

Open Chemistry ◽

10.1515/chem-2020-0019 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 175-184 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ramzi A. Mothana ◽

Fahd A. Nasr ◽

Jamal M. Khaled ◽

Omar M. Noman ◽

Nael Abutaha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Moderate Activity ◽

Antioxidant Agent ◽

Total Oil ◽

Β Carotene ◽

Mcf 7

AbstractThe essential oil of Ducrosia ismaelis Asch. (Apiaceae) that grows wild in Saudi Arabia was investigated utilizing gas chromatography (GC), and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Fifty constituents were characterized, representing 96.1% of the total oil. The D. ismaelis essential oil (DIEO) was distinguished by a high composition of oxygenated monoterpenes (51.6%). Decanal (40.6%), α-pinene (15.1%) and dodecanal (13.7%) were the fundamental components. Additionally, DIEO was evaluated for its cytotoxic, antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activities. DIEO revealed a great cytotoxic effectiveness against the tested cancer cell lines with IC50 values between 66.2 and 137.3 μg/mL particularly against MCF-7 cancer cells. Furthermore, the induction of apoptosis against MCF-7 cells has been asserted using staining assay (annexin VFITC and/or propidium iodide (PI) dyes) and flow cytometry technique. The DIEO possessed a strong antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacterial and fungal strains with MIC-values between 0.07 and 0.31 mg/ml. The values of MBC or MFC were almost once higher than those of MIC’s. Moreover, the β-carotene-bleaching and DPPH free radical-scavenging tests showed that DIEO had a moderate activity (68%) as an antioxidant agent in decolouring of the β-carotene at 1.0 mg/mL and a moderate radical scavenging for DPPH (66 and 72%) at 0.50 and 1.0 mg/mL.

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The Dual Antimelanogenic and Antioxidant Activities of the Essential Oil Extracted from the Leaves ofAcorus macrospadiceus(Yamamoto) F. N. Wei et Y. K. Li

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2012/781280 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Huey-Chun Huang ◽

Hsiao-Fen Wang ◽

Kuang-Hway Yih ◽

Long-Zen Chang ◽

Tsong-Min Chang

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Metal Ion ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Cellular Level ◽

Tyrosinase Activity ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

Melanin Content ◽

Chelating Activity

The antimelanogenic and antioxidant activities of the essential oil extracted from the leaves ofAcorus macrospadiceus(Yamamoto) F. N. Wei et Y. K. Li have never been explored. The essential oil effectively inhibited mushroom tyrosinase activity (EC50= 1.57 mg/mL) and B16F10 tyrosinase activity (IC50= 1.01 mg/mL), decreased the melanin content (EC50= 1.04 mg/mL), and depleted the cellular level of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) (EC50= 1.87 mg/mL). The essential oil effectively scavenged 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) (EC50= 0.121 mg/mL) and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) ABTS+radicals (EC50= 0.122 mg/mL). It also exhibited an apparent reducing power (EC50= 0.021 mg/mL) and metal-ion chelating activity (EC50= 0.029 mg/mL). The chemical constituents of the essential oil are ethers (55.73%), ketones (19.57%), monoterpenes (7.82%), alcohols (3.85%), esters (3.77%), sesquiterpenes (3.72%), and aromatic compounds (2.85%). The results confirm thatA. macrospadiceusessential oil is a natural antioxidant and inhibitor of melanogenesis.

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Protective effect of Nigella sativa oil on acoustic trauma induced hearing loss in rats

Audiology Research ◽

10.4081/audiores.2017.181 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Belde Culhaoglu ◽

Selim S. Erbek ◽

Seyra Erbek ◽

Evren Hizal

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

Protective Effect ◽

Nigella Sativa ◽

Acoustic Trauma ◽

Female Rats ◽

Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Intensity Level ◽

Hearing Thresholds

Acoustic trauma is a common reason for hearing loss. Different agents are used to prevent the harmful effect of acoustic trauma on hearing. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential preventive effect of Nigella sativa (black cumin) oil in acoustic trauma. Our experimental study was conducted with 20 Sprague Downey female rats (mean age, 12 months; mean weight 250 g). All of the procedures were held under general anesthesia. Following otoscopic examinations, baseline-hearing thresholds were obtained using auditory brainstem responses (ABR). To create acoustic trauma, the rats were then exposed to white band noise of 4 kHz with an intensity level of 107 dB in a soundproof testing room. On Day 1 following acoustic trauma, hearing threshold measurements were repeated. The rats were divided into two groups as the study group (n: 10) and the controls (n: 10). 2 mL/kg/day of Nigella sativa oil was given to the rats in the study group orally. On Day 4 following acoustic trauma, ABR measurements were repeated again. There was no difference between the baseline hearing thresholds of the rats before acoustic trauma (P>0.005). After the acoustic trauma, hearing thresholds were increased and there was no significant statistically difference between the hearing thresholds of the study and control groups (P=0.979). At the 4th day following acoustic trauma, hearing thresholds of the rats in control group were found to be higher than those in the study group (P=0.03). Our results suggest that Nigella sativa oil has a protective effect against acoustic trauma in early period. This finding should be supported with additional experimental and clinical studies, especially to determine the optimal dose, duration and frequency of potential Nigella sativa oil therapy.

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Propolis Protective Effects Against Doxorubicin-Induced Multi-Organ Toxicity via Suppression of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Apoptosis, and Histopathological Alterations in Female Albino Rats

Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry ◽

10.33263/briac122.17621777 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 1762-1777

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Large Scale ◽

Protective Efficacy ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Female Rats ◽

Control Group ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Protective Agent ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Treatment Protocols

Doxorubicin (DOX) is effective chemotherapy in several malignancies, but large-scale toxicities limit its clinical usefulness. Propolis has been reported to exhibit a broad spectrum of biological activities. We aim to assess the protective efficacy of propolis against DOX-induced multi-toxicity in female rats. Forty female rats were divided into four groups: control group; Group (P) were administrated oral propolis (100 mg/kg once daily for 28 days); Group (P+DOX) were injected with a single intraperitoneal dose of DOX (20 mg/kg i.p at 24th day after the propolis administration) and group (DOX) were injected with doxorubicin only. Estimation of cardiac, renal and hepatic injury markers, apoptosis and pro-inflammatory cytokines were done using sera. Also, liver and heart tissue samples were collected to determine GSH and MDA as oxidative stress markers. In addition to histopathological and immunohistochemical examination of Cytochrome-C and Connexin43 on lysed myocardium, liver, kidney and lung tissues. Doxorubicin toxicity caused marked deteriorations of measured parameters through the different mechanisms in different body organs. However, pre-treatment with propolis significantly ameliorated these alterations. Thus propolis can ameliorate the DOX-induced experimental multi-toxicity as cardiomyopathy, hepatotoxicity, nephritis and pneumonia. Thus, it could be a promising protective agent in DOX treatment protocols.

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Investigation of the Anti-cataract and Antioxidant Activities of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius Leaves Extract In vitro

Iraqi Journal of Science ◽

10.24996/ijs.2021.62.1.3 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 28-38

Author(s):

Henry Bulama ◽

Daniel Dahiru ◽

Joshua Madu

Keyword(s):

Total Protein ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Control Group ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Aqueous Fraction ◽

Cnidoscolus Aconitifolius

Background: Cataract is a major cause of visual impairment and blindness around the world. This study evaluated the in vitro antioxidant and anti-cataract activities of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius leaves extract and fractions. Antioxidant activities were evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiozoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), total reducing power, and hydrogen peroxide scavenging assays. Anti-cataract potential was evaluated in vitro using goat lenses divided into eight groups of different treatments and incubated in artificial aqueous humor at 37 °C for 72 hours. Glucose-induced opacity in the lenses was observed and biochemical indices quantified (catalase, Malondialdehyde (MDA) and total protein in the lens homogenate). Results: The crude extract and its fractions possess substantial antioxidant activities. The aqueous fraction exhibited the best DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50 value 78.599 µg/ml); while the dichloromethane fraction exhibited the highest ABTS radical scavenging activity with IC50 66.68 µg/ml. The anti-cataract evaluation of crude and fractions at 250 μg/ml showed a significant increase (p<0.05) in the total protein and catalase activity compared to the cataract control group. The malonaldehyde level decreased significantly (p<0.05) in all the treated groups.

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Evaluation of the toxic effect of silver nanoparticles and the possible protective effect of ascorbic acid on the parotid glands of albino rats: An in vivo study

Toxicology and Industrial Health ◽

10.1177/0748233720933071 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (6) ◽

pp. 446-453

Author(s):

Salma Awad Taghyan ◽

Hend El Messiry ◽

Medhat Ahmed El Zainy

Keyword(s):

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Protective Effect ◽

Toxic Effect ◽

Toxic Effects ◽

Control Group ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Parotid Glands ◽

Ductal Cells

This study aimed to evaluate the toxic effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on the parotid glands (PGs) of albino rats histologically and ultrastructurally and assess the possible protective effect of ascorbic acid as an antioxidant. Thirty male albino rats weighing between 150 mg and 200 mg were divided into three groups: the control group (C1) contained 10 rats that received 2 mg/kg (body weight (bw)) of aqueous nitrate buffer by intraperitoneal (IP) injection daily for 28 days; the AgNPs group contained 10 rats that received 2 mg/kg (bw) IP AgNPs daily for 28 days; and the AgNPs-vitamin C group contained 10 albino rats that received 2 mg/kg (bw) AgNPs IP daily for 28 days with oral administration of 100 mg/kg (bw) vitamin C in drinking water daily for 28 days. The PG acinar and ductal cells of the AgNPs group showed signs of toxicity and degeneration characterized as pleomorphic nuclei, binucleation, cytoplasmic vacuolations, and stagnated secretion in the ductal lumen. In addition to degenerated mitochondria, dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum and lysosomes were filled with AgNPs ( p < 0.001). The AgNPs-vitamin C group showed significantly less degenerative changes histologically and ultrastructurally compared to the AgNPs group ( p = 0.002). AgNPs produced significant toxic effects on the PG of albino rats, presumably through the generation of reactive oxygen species and toxic ion release, and administration of vitamin C was shown effective in decreasing these toxic effects.

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Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Essential Oil and Extracts of Saurauia lantsangensis Hu Root

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C ◽

10.1515/znc-2012-5-607 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 67 (5-6) ◽

pp. 282-290

Author(s):

Liang Zhu ◽

Si-ming Zhu ◽

Ying-juan Tian

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Antimicrobial Effect ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Hansenula Anomala ◽

Zones Of Inhibition ◽

Reducing Power Assay ◽

Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activities

Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the essential oil and n-hexane (HEE), chloroform (CHE), ethyl acetate (EAE), and methanol (MEE) extracts, respectively, from the root of Saurauia lantsangensis Hu were investigated. The GC-MS analysis revealed 39 compounds representing 96.41% of the oil containing T-muurolol (13.85%), acetophenone (7.46%), α-cadinol (6.26%), methyl palmitate (5.36%), n-hexadecanoic acid (4.31%), torreyol (3.69%), and isospathulenol (3.48%) as major components. Antioxidant activities determined by three various testing systems, i. e. DPPH radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging, and reducing power assay, increased in the order: HEE < CHE < oil < MEE < EAE. CHE, EAE, MEE and oil exhibited a promising antimicrobial effect determined as the diameter of zones of inhibition (13.3 - 16.2, 16.5 - 20.4, 13.5 - 16.6, and 16.5 - 22.7 mm), respectively, along with their respective MIC values (500 - 1000, 125 - 500, 250 - 500, and 250 - 500 μg/ml) against Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli), Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus), and a yeast (Hansenula anomala).

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Aortae of Young Rats with Metabolic Syndrome Exhibit Enhanced Vasoconstrictor Activity Than Older Rats

QJM ◽

10.1093/qjmed/hcaa065.006 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

R H Ali ◽

N M B Gamil ◽

A M Abdelrahman ◽

M A Ahmed ◽

G K Megahed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Young Adult ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Age Groups ◽

Female Rats ◽

Control Group ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Functional Changes ◽

Vasoconstrictor Response ◽

Nitrite Content

Abstract Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) causes pathological remodeling of the heart and adjacent vessels. The functional changes in the big vessels in different age groups had not been fully delineated. Aim of the work The present study was planned to investigate aortic vasodilator and vasoconstrictor reactivity in young, adult and old female rats with MetS. Design: The experimental study was performed on 90 female albino rats randomized into 6 groups: young, adult and old rats with MetS and their respective control groups. Methods MetS was induced by feeding rats 41% fructose -containing diet and giving fructose solution (5 g fructose in 4 ml distilled water/day) by gavage in two sessions (2 ml/session). On the 8th week, all rats were sacrificed and were subjected to determination of body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), absolute and relative visceral fat weight (VF), fasting blood glucose (FBG), plasma insulin (PI), homeostasis model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and plasma lipid profile. All rats’ aortae were subjected to study of vascular reactivity to Potassium chloride (KCL), phenylephrine (PE) and acetyl choline (A.Ch) as well as estimation of nitrite content. Results On the 8th week of the study, all MetS groups developed criteria of metabolic syndrome as evidenced by the significant increase in final BW, BMI, absolute and relative VF weights, FBG, PI and HOMA-IR compared to their control group values. Also, MetS rat groups exhibited evident dyslipidemia in the form of significant increase in plasma levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol and significant decrease in HDL-cholesterol compared to their control group values. Aortae of young and adult MetS rat groups showed significant increase in their vasoconstrictor response to KCl and PE and decrease in A.Ch/KCL% and A.Ch/PE % compared to their controls, while old MetS rat group showed significantly increased vasoconstrictor response only to KCL compared to their controls. When compared to each other, young age MetS group had significantly higher vasoconstrictor response to PE compared to old MetS group despite comparable nitrite content. Conclusion Met.S causes functional vascular changes in all age groups with unexpectedly enhanced vasoconstrictor response in the young group compared to old.

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Antifungal and Antioxidant Activities of the Essential Oil fromAngelica koreanaNakai

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2014/398503 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Junghyun Roh ◽

Seungwon Shin

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Minimum Effective Dose ◽

Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations ◽

Oil Fraction ◽

Antioxidant Agents ◽

Main Components ◽

Promising Source

Purpose. The purpose of this study is to determine the antifungal and antioxidant activities of the essential oil fromAngelica koreana.Methods. Essential oil was obtained from the dried roots ofA. koreanaby steam distillation, and its composition was identified by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the oil fraction and its main components were determined by broth dilution assay using common pathogenicAspergillusandTrichophytonspecies. The combined effects of the oils with itraconazole were evaluated using a checkerboard titer test. In addition, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH) free radical scavenging, nitrite inhibition, and reducing power were determined to assess the antioxidant activity of this oil.Results. The essential oil fraction and its main components showed inhibitory activity against all of the tested fungi, with minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 250–1000 μg/mL. Furthermore, this oil exhibited synergism when combined with itraconazole.Conclusion. In the treatment of infections caused byAspergillusandTrichophytonspecies, combining itraconazole with eitherA. koreanaessential oil or its main components may reduce the minimum effective dose of itraconazole required and, thus, minimize its side effects. In addition, this oil is a promising source of natural antioxidant agents.

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