scholarly journals Forced treatment and care in home-dwelling persons with dementia

2020 ◽  
pp. 096973302094810
Author(s):  
Åshild Gjellestad ◽  
Trine Oksholm ◽  
Frøydis Bruvik
Keyword(s):  
Daily Living ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Regional Committee ◽  
Descriptive Statistical Analysis

Background: The use of forced treatment and care of home-dwelling persons with dementia is a universally important topic. These patients are completely dependent on care from others to continue living at home. Aim: This study aimed to gain insights into formal decisions related to the forced treatment and care of home-dwelling persons with dementia. Design and sample: This is a cross-sectional study, based on formal decisions of forced treatment and care of home-dwelling persons with dementia in Norway between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2016. Methods: Descriptive statistical analysis. Statistically significant associations suitable for binary logistic regression were presented as odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Ethical considerations: Approved by The Regional Committee for Medical and Health Research Ethics, and by the Norwegian Center for Research. Results: We found 108 formal decisions of forced treatment and care of persons with dementia. Decisions of admission represented 57% of the data, other medical and safety decisions 27%, and assistance with activities of daily living 16%. In most cases, physicians were responsible for the decisions (77%), but nurses and family members were often involved. Discussion and conclusion: This study demonstrated a prevalence rate of formally documented decisions of forced treatment and care much lower than findings in previous studies. Poor documentation may constitute a risk for the safety and wellbeing of persons with dementia. Although physicians were usually responsible for the decisions, nurses and family members were often involved in the process. Family participation in forced treatment and care raises ethical dilemmas. More research on the experiences of nurses, persons with dementia and family members with forced treatment and care is needed to aid ethical, legal, and clinically challenging decision-making processes.

Hubungan Budaya Organisasi dengan Intensi Turnover di Rumah Sakit Awal Bros Batam

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 464
Author(s):  
Endang Sulastri ◽  
Yulastri Arif ◽  
Utari Christhya Wardhani
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Turnover Intention ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Good Communication

<p>Intensi turnover pada institusi pelayanan kesehatan merupakan masalah serius dan harus segera ditindaklanjuti, karena akan berdampak terhadap kualitas sumber daya manusia yang dapat mempengaruhi dalam pemberian pelayanan kesehatan kepada pasien. Intensi turnover di Rumah Sakit  Awal Bros Batam sejak lima tahun terakhir diatas standar rata-rata turnover dan Rumah Sakit belum mempunyai stategi yang efektif untuk mencegahnya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis hubungan budaya organisasi dengan risiko intensi turnover di Rumah Sakit Awal Bros Batam. Metode penelitian menggunakan desain kuantitatif dengan cross sectional study. Pengambilan sampel kuantitatif menggunakan kuesioner berdasarkan proposional random sampling, Chi Square dan Uji Regresi Logistic Berganda (Binary Logistic). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa budaya organisasi di Rumah Sakit Awal Bros Batam  mempunyai hubungan yang bermakna dengan intensi turnover dengan nilai pValue 0.005. Saran yang dapat diberikan peneliti adalah  menciptakan suasana kerja yang kondusif dengan menjaga hubungan interpersonal dan komunikasi yang baik antar karyawan maupun atasan.</p><p> </p><p>The intention of turnover in health care institutions is a serious problem and must be followed up immediately, because it will have an impact on the quality of human resources that can affect the delivery of health services to patients. The intention of the turnover in Batam Awal Bros Hospital since the last five years is above the average turnover standard and the Hospital does not yet have an effective strategy to prevent it. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between organizational culture and risk of turnover intention at Awal Bros Batam Hospital. The research method uses quantitative design with cross sectional study. Quantitative sampling using a questionnaire based on proportional random sampling, data processing using the mean, Chi Square and Binary Logistic Regression Test. The results showed that the organizational culture in Batam Awal Bros Hospital had a significant relationship with turnover intention with a pValue 0.005. Suggestions that can be given by researchers is establish a conducive work atmosphere by maintaining interpersonal relationships and good communication between employees and superiors</p>

scholarly journals Socioeconomic Factors and Health Status Disparities Associated with Difficulty in ADLs and IADLs among Long-Lived Populations in Brazil: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 004695802110072
Author(s):  
Júlia Cristina Leite Nóbrega ◽  
Juliana Barbosa Medeiros ◽  
Tácila Thamires de Melo Santos ◽  
Saionara Açucena Vieira Alves ◽  
Javanna Lacerda Gomes da Silva Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: To evaluate the association between socioeconomic factors, health status, and Functional Capacity (FC) in the oldest senior citizens in a metropolis and a poor rural region of Brazil. Method: Cross-sectional study of 417 seniors aged ≥80 years, data collected through Brazil’s Health, Well-being and Aging survey. FC assessed by self-reporting of difficulties in Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs). Chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed using “R” statistical software. Results: Socioeconomic and demographic inequalities in Brazil can influence FC in seniors aged 80 years and older. Comparatively, urban long-lived people had a higher prevalence of difficulties for ADLs and rural ones showed more difficulties for IADLs. Among urban oldest seniors, female gender and lower-income were correlated with difficulties for IADLs. Among rural oldest seniors, female gender, stroke, joint disease, and inadequate weight independently were correlated with difficulties for ADLs, while the number of chronic diseases was associated with difficulties for IADLs. Conclusion: Financial constraints may favor the development of functional limitations among older seniors in large urban centers. In poor rural areas, inadequate nutritional status and chronic diseases may increase their susceptibility to functional decline.

scholarly journals Correction to: Mental health status among family members of health care workers in Ningbo, China, during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuchen Ying ◽  
Liemin Ruan ◽  
Fanqian Kong ◽  
Binbin Zhu ◽  
Yunxin Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mental Health Status ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Workers

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

scholarly journals Assessment of Daily Living of Patients with Spinal Cord Injury: A Cross-Sectional Study in Kermanshah

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Hatefi ◽  
AmirHosein Meisami ◽  
Alalleh Dalvand ◽  
Milad Borji
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
The Impact

Background: Spinal cord injuries (SCI) are a variety of chronic diseases that various causes such as trauma may contribute to its onset. One of the problems in these patients is the problem of physical activity and, consequently, daily activities. Objectives: This study aimed to assess daily living of patients with SCI. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study in 2019, 120 patients with SCI in Kermanshah were included in the study using purposive sampling. The instruments used in this study fell into two parts. One part included the demographic characteristics of the SCI patients, and the other part was a questionnaire of the rate of the Impact on Participation and Autonomy questionnaire (IPA-P). Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16 using descriptive tests such as mean and standard deviation. Results: The result showed there was a significant relationship between demographic characteristics such as education (P < 0.007), time of spinal cord injury (P < 0.01), and income (P = 0.000). Also, the results showed there was a relationship between Autonomy and Participation, and the age of patients and their autonomy and participation decreased with age (P = 0.000, R = 0.72). Most of the patients had severe problems with daily activities. Also, most patients had very poor scores in relation to daily living activities. Conclusions: Considering the low rate of participation and autonomy in patients with SCI, it is suggested to conduct studies aimed at improving their self-care and social participation.

scholarly journals Prevalence of sexual violence and its associated factors among housemaids attending evening schools in urban settings of Gedeo zone, Southern Ethiopia: A school based cross sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0258953
Author(s):  
Kalkidan Gezahegn ◽  
Selamawit Semagn ◽  
Mohammed Feyisso Shaka
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Based

Background Housemaids are the most vulnerable group to sexual violence due to their working condition, isolation and school arrangements. Despite the ubiquity of sexual violence among the domestic work sector, particularly among housemaids, this area of research continues to be neglected. This study was aimed at examining the prevalence and factors pertaining to sexual violence among housemaids attending night school program in urban setups of Gedeo zone, Southern Ethiopia. Method A school based quantitative cross sectional study was conducted among 394 housemaids attending night schools in the urban setups of Gedeo Zone from April to May 2019. After stratifying of students using class grade, SRS technique was used to choose study subjects from each stratum. Quantitative data was collected using face to face interview and qualitative was collected using focus group discussion, in-depth interview and key informant interview. The data was entered and analyzed by SPSS version 20. Binary logistic regression was fitted to determine the association of each independent variable with the dependent variable. Result Based on the finding, the prevalence of sexual violence was 60.2%. The odds of experiencing sexual violence through working life-time as housemaid was higher for those who had migrated from rural to urban for work [AOR = 1.97: 95% CI, (1.07,3.63)], had less than 5 years of experience as housemaid [AOR = 3.10: 95% CI, (1.60, 6.00)], were in the age group of 15–19 [AOR = 3.75:95% CI (1.88, 7.46), ever used alcohol [AOR = 6.77: 95% CI, (2.65,17.33)] and whose fathers lacked formal education [AOR = 2.75:95%CI (1.24,6.08)]. On the other hand, unmarried /housemaids having no regular sexual partner were less likely to face sexual violence [AOR. = 0.28: 95% CI, (0.13, 0.57)]. Conclusion The level of sexual violence was found to be high among housemaids attending night schools in in this study. Housemaids from rural area, those newly starting the work, younger housemaids, and those who were married were more likely to be victims of sexual violence.

scholarly journals Intensity and frequency of moral distress in Brazilian nurses

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavia Regina Souza Ramos ◽  
Priscila Orlandi Barth ◽  
Laura Cavalcanti de Farias Brehmer ◽  
Graziele de Lima Dalmolin ◽  
Mara Ambrosina Vargas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Professional Identity ◽  
Moral Distress ◽  
Work Teams ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Work Environments ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nurses Role ◽  
Distress Scale ◽  
Descriptive Statistical Analysis

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the frequency and intensity of moral distress in Brazilian nurses. Method: Cross-sectional study performed with nurses from 27 Brazilian states through application of the Brazilian Moral Distress Scale in Nurses (Portuguese acronym: EDME-Br) and descriptive statistical analysis. Results: Participation of 1,226 Brazilian nurses in the study. The intensity and frequency of overall moral distress were rated as moderate level, with averages of 3.08 (± 1.45) and 2.94 (± 1.37), respectively. Specifically, the highest intensity and frequency was related to the factors Acknowledgement, power and professional identity and Work teams, while the lowest was related to the factor Defense of values and rights. Conclusion: Moral distress occurs in precarious work environments, with little expressiveness of the nurses’ role. One highlights the importance of the problem in terms of its amplitude and multicausality, reaching professionals acting in different work contexts.

scholarly journals Willingness to Accept COVID-19 Vaccine and Its Determinants among Nigeria Citizens: A Web-based Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-22
Author(s):  
Olanrewaju Davies Eniade ◽  
Abayomi Olarinmoye ◽  
Agofure Otovwe ◽  
Funke E. Akintunde ◽  
Omowumi O. Okedare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Willingness To Accept ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
To Receive

Background: The peculiarity in Nigerians’ demographic, socio-economic and cultural pattern necessitated the need to explore potential COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. This study investigated the determinants of willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccine in Nigeria. Methods: An online cross-sectional study among the general population in Nigeria. Data were collected using an electronic questionnaire.  A total of 368 individuals participated in the research. The outcome variable was willingness to accept COVID-19 vaccine coded as “Yes=1 and No=0.”  Basic socio-demographic information of participants and other information related to COVID-19 were obtained. Stata MP 14 was used for the statistical analysis. Descriptive statistics were presented, test of association were carried out using chi square and a binary logistic regression was used to assess the determinants of willingness to accept COVID-19 vaccine. All analyses were performed at 5% level of significance. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 29.4 + 9.65 years.  Majority of the study participants were female (58.9%), Yoruba (74.7%) and dwellers of urban area (68.5%). Also, 85.6% have attained tertiary level of education. Two-fifth (40.5%) of respondent reported their willingness to take the COVID-19 if made available. Majority (69.8%) of those that are willing to take the vaccine would prefer a live attenuated form and 39.6% would prefer the vaccine administered intramuscularly. Age group≥40 years (AOR: 5.20, CI: 1.02- 26.41), currently married (AOR: 2.81, CI: 1.05 – 7.53) and susceptibility to COVID 19 infection (AOR: 2.52, CI: 1.21 – 5.26) were associated with likelihood of willingness to accept COVID-19 vaccine. Conclusion: Despite the fact that majority were at risk of COVID-19 infection, willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccine was low among Nigerians. Level of maturity in terms of age and marriage as well as susceptibility to COVID-19 infection increased the likelihood of accepting COVID-19 infection. In Furtherance, younger ones, unmarried and non-susceptible individual may require more efforts tailored towards enrichment of understanding about the importance of COVID-19 vaccine in other to improve the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine in Nigeria.

scholarly journals The association between serum uric acid and diabetic complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by gender: a cross-sectional study

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e10691
Author(s):  
Yimeng Hu ◽  
Qinge Li ◽  
Rui Min ◽  
Yingfeng Deng ◽  
Yancheng Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background The relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) and several diabetic complications or co-morbidities remains a matter of debate. The study aims to explore the association between SUA levels and the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), diabetic retinopathy (DR), diabetic nephropathy (DN) and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods A total of 2,809 participants (1,784 males and 1,025 females) were included in this cross-sectional study. Clinical characteristics and the prevalence of each of the four diseases were analyzed based on gender-specific quartiles of SUA levels. The Pearson correlation analysis and linear-regression analysis were used to access the correlation between SUA levels and clinical characteristics. Furthermore, a binary logistic regression analysis was carried out to determine whether SUA was an independent risk factor for each of the four complications. Results SUA levels were positively correlated to BMI, BUN, Scr and TG, but negatively associated with eGFR, HDL, FBG, 2h-PG and HbA1c% for the patients with T2DM. The prevalence of NAFLD and DN, but not DR or DPN, were increased with SUA levels from the first to the fourth quartile. Binary logistic regression further disclosed that SUA was an independent risk factor for NAFLD (ORs Male = 1.002, ∗P = 0.0013; ORs Female = 1.002, ∗P = 0.015) and DN (ORs Male = 1.006, ∗P < 0.001; ORs Female = 1.005, ∗P < 0.001), but not for DR and DPN. After adjustment for the confounders, SUA levels were significantly associated with NAFLD within the 3rd (ORs = 1.829, P = 0.004) and 4th quartile (ORs = 2.064, P = 0.001) for women, but not independently associated with SUA for man. On the other hand, our results revealed increased prevalence of DN for SUA quartile 2 (ORs = 3.643, P = 0.039), quartile 3 (ORs = 3.967, P = 0.024) and quartile 4 (ORs = 9.133, P < 0.001) in men; however, SUA quartiles were significantly associated with DN only for quartile 4 (ORs = 4.083, P = 0.042) in women Conclusion For patients with T2DM, elevated SUA concentration is an independent risk factor for the prevalence of NAFLD and DN after adjustment for other indicators, but not DR or DPN.

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