City Profile: Batangas City, Philippines

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-175
Author(s):  
Mario R. Delos Reyes ◽  
Keith Gerard L. Daguio ◽  
Mark Anthony M. Gamboa
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Current State ◽  
Metropolitan Cities ◽  
Metro Manila ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The City ◽  
Urban Characteristics

Cities have always been the predominant centres of political power, economic growth, educational and cultural advancement and technological innovation. However, rapid urbanization and growth of metropolitan cities, especially in developing countries, have resulted to various challenges that national and local governments and institutions fail to address completely. Against this background, small- and medium-sized cities are becoming the new growth nodes of the country. Batangas City in the Philippines is a medium-sized city located in the proximity of the Metro Manila region. This article provides an overview of the urbanization of Batangas City with special reference to its social, economic and urban characteristics along with its pressing challenges. The study highlights the current state of Batangas City with an emphasis on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) on health, education and urban sustainability. Finally, the article attempts to conclude on whether the city is gearing towards a learning, healthy and sustainable Batangas City.

City Profile: Manila, Philippines

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-358
Author(s):  
Mark Anthony M. Gamboa ◽  
Ryan Randle B. Rivera ◽  
Mario R. Delos Reyes
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Significant Implication ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Urban Conditions ◽  
The City

Manila is a primate city with national and international significance. Unlike any other city in the Philippines, Manila has the mandate of serving not just its local constituents, but also a clientele of national and even global scale. Recognizing that the localization of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) at sub-national levels is a key element in meeting the targets by 2030, it is important to look at how cities have been confronting local challenges relating to the development goals. Focusing on SDGs 3, 4 and 11, this city profile shows that Manila has performed reasonably well against key national and regional benchmarks on health, education and urban sustainability. However, as the city continues to lag behind many of its regional counterparts, key reforms must be undertaken in the areas of local policymaking, targeting of resources, scale of public participation and engagement of national government agencies. Heading into the first four years of the SDGs, the aim of this profile is to recognize and contextualize Manila’s existing urban conditions, best practices and pressing challenges—which would all have a significant implication on how Manila stands to attain SDGs 3, 4 and 11.

scholarly journals Localizing Indicators of SDG11 for an Integrated Assessment of Urban Sustainability—A Case Study of Hainan Province

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 11092
Author(s):  
Chi Zhang ◽  
Zhongchang Sun ◽  
Qiang Xing ◽  
Jialong Sun ◽  
Tianyu Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Hainan Province ◽  
Assessment Framework ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Development Assessment ◽  
The City

Rapid urbanization has brought many problems, including housing shortages, traffic congestion, air pollution, and lack of public space. To solve these problems, the United Nations proposed “The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development”, which contains 17 Sustainable Development Goals covering three dimensions: economy, society, and environment. Among them, Sustainable Development Goal 11 (SDG11), “Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable”, can be measured at the city level. So far SDG11 still lacks three-quarters of the data required to accurately assess progress towards the goal. In this paper, we localized the indicators of SDG11 and collected Earth observation data, statistical data, and monitoring data at the city and county levels to build a better urban sustainable development assessment framework. Overall, we found that Haikou and Sanya were close to achieving sustainable development goals, while other cities were still some distance away. In Hainan Province, there was a spatial distribution pattern of high development levels in the north and south, but low levels in the middle and west. Through the Moran’s I Index of Hainan Province, we found that the sustainable development of Hainan Province did not yet form part of integrated development planning. The sustainable development assessment framework and localization methods proposed in this paper at the city and county levels provide references for the sustainable development of Hainan. At the same time, it also provides a reference for the evaluation of county-level sustainable development goals in cities in China and even the world.

scholarly journals Mobility-Guided Modeling of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Metro Manila

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Egwolf ◽  
O.P. Nicanor Austriaco
Keyword(s):  
The Philippines ◽  
The Novel ◽  
National Capital Region ◽  
Viral Spread ◽  
Mobility Data ◽  
National Capital ◽  
Metro Manila ◽  
The Government ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The City

ABSTRACTCOVID-19 is a novel respiratory disease first identified in Wuhan, China, that is caused by the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2. To better understand the dynamics of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines, we have used real-time mobility data to modify the DELPHI Epidemiological Model recently developed at M.I.T., and to simulate the pandemic in Metro Manila. We have chosen to focus on the National Capital Region, not only because it is the nation’s demographic heart where over a tenth of the country’s population live, but also because it has been the epidemiological epicenter of the Philippine pandemic. Our UST CoV-2 model suggests that the government-imposed enhanced community quarantine (ECQ) has successfully limited the spread of the pandemic. It is clear that the initial wave of the pandemic is flattening, though suppression of viral spread has been delayed by the local pandemics in the City of Manila and Quezon City. Our data also reveals that replacing the ECQ with a General Community Quarantine (GCQ) will increase the forecasted number of deaths in the nation’s capital unless rigorous tracing and testing can be implemented to prevent a second wave of the pandemic.

scholarly journals How strong is the integrity disclosure in Indonesian Province website?

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-44
Author(s):  
Maria Hellenikapoulos ◽  
Intiyas Utami
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Good Image ◽  
The Public ◽  
Strategic Issue ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
High Level

The high level and trend of corruption in Indonesia Province could hinder the goal of Sustainable Development Goals point 16. This study aims to identify disclosures of integrity through websites and classify the Indonesia Provinces into 3 categories, namely high, medium, and low based on the integrity disclosure index using institutional theory. The data is based on content analysis to analyze practices through disclosure of integrity on 34 Indonesian Province websites using the Integrity Framework Disclosure Index instrument. The findings indicate that Indonesia has disclosed 775 items (48%). The items of vision, mission, and integrity report are the biggest disclosed items among other items that show Indonesia’s effort to create a “good image” in the public eyes. Several Provinces are in the moderate category because of a strategic issue in the field of education. Local governments still have to review the increase in integrity disclosure on websites and their real-life implementation to improve integrity and fight corruption in Indonesia.

scholarly journals Penerapan Daily Physical Activity di Sekolah Malacampa Elementary School-Main, Tarlac City, Philippines

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
Nissa Aulia Belistiana Utami ◽  
Andi Suntoda Situmorang ◽  
Suherman Slamet
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Daily Physical Activity ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
Development Goals

The education system in the Philippines has changed because it refers to the United Nations program, the Sustainable Development Goals. One of the changes is that each student is required to attend the Daily Physical Activity program before starting learning. This research is conducted at Malacampa Elementary School-Main, Tarlac City, Philippines. The purpose of this study is to determine what impacts occur after the implementation of the Daily Physical Activity which is carried out every morning in the long run. Daily Physical Activity is done by dancing 10 to 15 minutes. This type of research is an ex-post-facto study in which the researcher examines a program that is happening in the Philippines. Researchers take samples of one class, named class 6 SSES, amounting to 27 students. Based on the results of this study, there are positive impacts in the form of children being more enthusiastic in doing daily tasks and negative in the form of students feeling bored with less varied songs and movements.AbstrakSistem Pendidikan di Filipina berubah karena merujuk program PBB yaitu Sustainable Development Goals. Salah satu perubahannya yaitu setiap siswa wajib mengikuti program Daily Physical Activity sebelum memulai pembelajaran. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yang dilakukan di Malacampa Elementary School-Main, Tarlac City, Philippines. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui dampak apa saja yang terjadi setelah diterapkannya Daily Physical Activity yang dilakukan setiap pagi hari dalam jangka waktu yang panjang. Daily Physical Activity yang dilakukan adalah menari 10 sampai 15 menit. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian ex-post facto di mana peneliti meneliti program yang sedang terjadi di Filipina. Peneliti mengambil sampel satu kelas, yaitu kelas 6 SSES yang berjumlah 27 siswa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini yaitu adanya dampak positif berupa anak lebih antusias dalam melakukan tugas gerak di kesehariannya dan negatif berupa siswa merasa bosan dengan lagu dan gerakan yang kurang bervariatif.

Urban equality and the SDGs: three provocations for a relational agenda

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (0) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Stephanie Butcher
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Global South ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Significant Potential ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Equitable Outcomes ◽  
The City

We live in an increasingly urban, increasingly unequal world. This is nowhere more evident than in cities of the global South, where many residents face deep injustices in their ability to access vital services, participate in decision-making or to have their rights recognised as citizens. In this regard, the rallying cry of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to ‘leave no one behind’ offers significant potential to guide urbanisation processes towards more equitable outcomes, particularly for the urban poor. Yet the SDGs have also faced a series of criticisms which have highlighted the gaps and silences in moving towards a transformative agenda. This article explores the potentials of adopting a relational lens to read the SDGs, as a mechanism to navigate these internal contradictions and critiques and build pathways to urban equality. In particular, it offers three questions if we want to place urban equality at the heart of the agenda: who owns the city; who produces knowledge about the city; and who is visible in the city? Drawing from the practices of organised groups of the urban poor, this article outlines the key lessons for orienting this agenda towards the relational and transformative aims of urban equality.

scholarly journals Reclaiming On-Site Upgrading as a Viable Resilience Strategy-Viabilities and Scenarios through the Lens of Disaster-Prone Informal Settlements in Metro Manila

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 10600
Author(s):  
Juan Du ◽  
Stefan Greiving
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Informal Settlement ◽  
National Level ◽  
Informal Settlements ◽  
Community Resilience ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
City Development ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Metro Manila

The Philippines is argued as the only Southeast Asian country where informal settlers’ communities have been self-organized and produced discernible impacts on the country’s urban policies. As one of the high risk countries, fifty percent of the country’s informal settlements are located in danger and disaster-prone areas. However, informal settlement upgrading has not reached its significance in disaster mitigation and community resilience building. At the national level, on-site upgrading is not established in disaster risk management or climate change adaptation strategies, which explains the lack of strategic approaches for local implementation. Metro Manila serves as a suitable backdrop in this sense to study informal settlement upgrading under the condition of high risk and rapid urbanization with a high civil society engagement. This study investigates the underlined reasons why upgrading strategically falls short in addressing disaster mitigation and community resilience building. Theoretically, it questions what on-site upgrading is about. Empirically, two hazard-prone informal settlement communities within Metro Manila are examined with their different risk profiles, community development needs and resilience priorities. The core issues of upgrading are, therefore, differentiated at the settlement level with communities’ innate socio-economic and eco-spatial features over time. Meanwhile, the paper heightens the necessity of tackling on-site upgrading at the settlement level and articulating settlements’ spatial correlations with the city development, so as to sustain upgrading outcomes. In addition, this study attempts at setting up a range of scenarios conditioned with COVID pandemic fallout. It endeavors to provide another facet of how to deal with adaptation and resilience. This includes the urgent strategy shift in the housing sector and its financial sustainability, innovative mechanisms to manage uncertainty and risks, lessons for post-COVID planning, etc.

scholarly journals Localizing the Sustainable Development Goals Through the Lens of Urban Resilience: Lessons and Learnings from 100 Resilient Cities and Cape Town

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia Croese ◽  
Cayley Green ◽  
Gareth Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Rockefeller Foundation ◽  
Cape Town ◽  
Global Development ◽  
Urban Resilience ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Paris Climate Agreement ◽  
The City

Urban resilience is increasingly seen as essential to managing the risks and challenges arising in a globally changing, connected, and urbanized world. Hence, cities are central to achieving a range of global development policy commitments adopted over the past few years, ranging from the Paris Climate Agreement to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, knowledge of the ways in which cities are going about implementing resilience or of how such efforts can practically contribute to the implementation of global agendas is still limited. This paper discusses the experience of cities that were members of the 100 Resilient Cities (100RC) network, an entity pioneered by The Rockefeller Foundation. It reviews the resilience strategies developed by 100RC members to show that 100RC cities are increasingly aligning their resilience work to global development policies such as the SDGs. It then draws on the case of the city of Cape Town in South Africa to illustrate the process of developing a resilience strategy through 100RC tools and methodologies including the City Resilience Framework (CRF) and City Resilience Index (CRI) and its alignment to the SDGs and reflects on lessons and learnings of Cape Town’s experience for the global city network-policy nexus post-2015.

scholarly journals Earth Observation and Cloud Computing in Support of Two Sustainable Development Goals for the River Nile Watershed Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenzhao Li ◽  
Hesham El-Askary ◽  
Venkat Lakshmi ◽  
Thomas Piechota ◽  
Daniele Struppa
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Equal Opportunity ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Earth Observation ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Stress Indicator ◽  
Development Goals

In September 2015, the members of United Nations adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development with universal applicability of 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and 169 targets. The SDGs are consequential for the development of the countries in the Nile watershed, which are affected by water scarcity and experiencing rapid urbanization associated with population growth. Earth Observation (EO) has become an important tool to monitor the progress and implementation of specific SDG targets through its wide accessibility and global coverage. In addition, the advancement of algorithms and tools deployed in cloud computing platforms provide an equal opportunity to use EO for developing countries with limited technological capacity. This study applies EO and cloud computing in support of the SDG 6 “clean water and sanitation” and SDG 11 “sustainable cities and communities” in the seven Nile watershed countries through investigations of EO data related to indicators of water stress (Indicator 6.4.2) and urbanization and living conditions (Indicators 11.3.1 and 11.1.1), respectively. Multiple approaches including harmonic, time series and correlational analysis are used to assess and evaluate these indicators. In addition, a contemporary deep-learning classifier, fully convolution neural networks (FCNN), was trained to classify the percentage of impervious surface areas. The results show the spatial and temporal water recharge pattern among different regions in the Nile watershed, as well as the urbanization in selected cities of the region. It is noted that the classifier trained from the developed countries (i.e., the United States) is effective in identifying modern communities yet limited in monitoring rural and slum regions.

Achieving Goal 16 of the Sustainable Development Goals and Environmental Lessons for Malaysia

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-269
Author(s):  
Sarah Tan
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Public Access ◽  
Equal Access ◽  
Access To Justice ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
2030 Agenda ◽  
Clean Environment ◽  
Development Goals

AbstractOn September 2015, countries around the world pledged to end poverty, protect the planet, and hit specific developmental targets within fifteen years at the signing of th|e United Nations 2030 Agenda. Within the 2030 Agenda are seventeen Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). Goal 16 of the SDG contains twelve targets; of these, Target 16.3 is aimed at ensuring equal access to justice for all and Target 16.10 at ensuring public access to information. Malaysia as a signatory has pledged its commitment to fulfilling these SDGs. This paper's primary focus is on the fulfilment of Targets 16.3 and 16.10 within Malaysia's legal environmental framework. At present, there are provisions that ensure equal access to justice and those that ensure public access to information; however, it is suggested that these are insufficient, uncommon, and limited. This paper proposes an amendment to the Federal Constitution to include the express right to a clean environment, and demonstrates, through comparative study, the success similar provisions have had on the environmental protection laws of other countries such as India, the Philippines, South Africa, Nepal, the Netherlands, and Nigeria. It then considers what possible lessons Malaysia could glean from these national experiences in fulfilling its goals for Targets 16.3 and 16.10 before concluding with the proposition that Malaysia should consider an express constitutional right to a clean environment if she intends to meet her SDG goals.

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