Psychological Resilience and Its Downstream Effects for Business Survival in Nascent Entrepreneurship

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid C. Chadwick ◽  
Jana L. Raver
Keyword(s):  
Test Theory ◽  
Psychological Resilience ◽  
Nascent Entrepreneurs ◽  
Nascent Entrepreneurship ◽  
Business Survival ◽  
Downstream Effects ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Broaden And Build Theory ◽  
Time Lagged ◽  
First Time

While scholars frequently argue that nascent entrepreneurs will be more successful if they are resilient, this assumption remains untested and the mechanisms for its potential benefits are unknown. To establish the utility of this psychological construct, we draw from Fredrickson's broaden-and-build theory (1998 ) to develop and test theory on the processes through which psychological resilience influences first-time entrepreneurs' business survival. Results of a time-lagged study of nascent entrepreneurs followed over a 2-year period support this theory, highlighting the cognitive and behavioral ways in which psychological resilience helps nascent entrepreneurs become less vulnerable to their stressful circumstances.

Psychological Resilience Provides No Independent Protection From Suicidal Risk

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danica W. Y. Liu ◽  
A. Kate Fairweather-Schmidt ◽  
Richard Burns ◽  
Rachel M. Roberts ◽  
Kaarin J. Anstey
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Psychological Resilience ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Life Project ◽  
Resilience Factors ◽  
First Time

Abstract. Background: Little is known about the role of resilience in the likelihood of suicidal ideation (SI) over time. Aims: We examined the association between resilience and SI in a young-adult cohort over 4 years. Our objectives were to determine whether resilience was associated with SI at follow-up or, conversely, whether SI was associated with lowered resilience at follow-up. Method: Participants were selected from the Personality and Total Health (PATH) Through Life Project from Canberra and Queanbeyan, Australia, aged 28–32 years at the first time point and 32–36 at the second. Multinomial, linear, and binary regression analyses explored the association between resilience and SI over two time points. Models were adjusted for suicidality risk factors. Results: While unadjusted analyses identified associations between resilience and SI, these effects were fully explained by the inclusion of other suicidality risk factors. Conclusion: Despite strong cross-sectional associations, resilience and SI appear to be unrelated in a longitudinal context, once risk/resilience factors are controlled for. As independent indicators of psychological well-being, suicidality and resilience are essential if current status is to be captured. However, the addition of other factors (e.g., support, mastery) makes this association tenuous. Consequently, resilience per se may not be protective of SI.

Economic Analysis of Residents’ Health Potential Benefits from PM2.5 Reduction Caused by New Ambient Air Quality Standard in Beijing

2012 ◽  
Vol 524-527 ◽  
pp. 3371-3375
Author(s):  
Xiu Teng Wang ◽  
Ya Jing Zhang ◽  
Ling Xu ◽  
Ling Lin ◽  
Dong Feng Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Ambient Air Quality ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Ambient Air Quality Standard ◽  
First Time ◽  
Pm2.5 Concentration

PM2.5 pollution causes great health hazards, which will finally result in much economic loss. In China, it is first time to take PM2.5 as a general limitation factor in the revised version of "Ambient Air Quality Standard". In this work, we take Beijing as investigation objective, choose five kinds of typical health impacts, and make rough economic estimation of the potential benefits from the decrease of PM2.5 concentration through the epidemic-doses model in a quantitative point of view. Assuming the PM2.5 pollution is controlled well and satisfies the requirement of Grade 2 and 1 of new standard, 1681 and 2269 million Yuan will be saved in Beijing considering only health aspects. So it is necessary to take PM2.5 into the new ambient air quality standard as a general indicator, which is overall beneficial for environment and economy.

Psychological resilience and business survival chances: A study of small firms in the USA during COVID-19

2022 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 277-286
Author(s):  
Malvika Chhatwani ◽  
Sushanta Kumar Mishra ◽  
Arup Varma ◽  
Himanshu Rai
Keyword(s):  
Small Firms ◽  
Psychological Resilience ◽  
Business Survival ◽  
The Usa

Nascent entrepreneur characteristic predictors of early-stage entrepreneurship outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen E. Lanivich ◽  
Laci M. Lyons ◽  
Anthony R. Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Fear Of Failure ◽  
Nascent Entrepreneurs ◽  
Nascent Entrepreneurship ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Assistance Programs ◽  
Perceived Success ◽  
Core Self

PurposeSocial cognitive theory suggests that entrepreneurs' characteristics affect entrepreneurial outcomes through interaction with their environment. This study examines the relationship between entrepreneurs' characteristics and performance in the context of entrepreneurial nascence.Design/methodology/approachThis study investigated lagged-panel responses from a sample of 100 confirmed nascent entrepreneurs. Data collected on three separate occasions included core self-evaluations, commitment, fear of failure and success. PLS analysis was used to assess mediation of commitment on the self-evaluation – success relationship.FindingsCore self-evaluations are an important predictor of entrepreneurial success in nascent-stage entrepreneurs participating in pre-venture assistance programs; positively affecting success and commitment, while negatively affecting fear of failure.Research limitations/implicationsThis investigation contributes to a fuller understanding of social cognitive theory as it pertains to nascent entrepreneurship. Furthermore, contrary to general expectations found in the entrepreneurship literature, the authors uncover a context where entrepreneurs' characteristics are relevant predictors of early entrepreneurial outcomes.Practical implicationsResults showed core self-evaluations as a robust predictor of perceived success in nascent entrepreneurs. Administrators of pre-venture assistance programs should consider screening applicants to programs designed to assist nascent entrepreneurial opportunity development for signs of high core self-evaluations.Originality/valueThis study advances theory by (1) demonstrating the value of assessing nascent entrepreneurs' core self-evaluations as a specific predictor of early-stage entrepreneurial outcomes, (2) suggesting social interaction amidst participation in pre-venture assistance programs makes commitment a salient part of perceived success and (3) providing evidence that entrepreneur-level characteristics need consideration in the context of nascent entrepreneurship and pre-venture assistance programs.

Determinants of Nascent Entrepreneurship Development

2021 ◽  
pp. 172-193
Author(s):  
Albérico Travassos Rosário ◽  
Filipa Fernandes ◽  
Ricardo Gomes Raimundo ◽  
Rui Nunes Cruz
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Nascent Entrepreneurs ◽  
Nascent Entrepreneurship ◽  
Organizational Contexts ◽  
Important Concept ◽  
Entrepreneurial Attitude ◽  
Business Opportunities ◽  
The Moment

The current international economic crisis, at the moment of writing, will affect global economy and will demand entrepreneurial attitude to seize business opportunities. Nascent entrepreneurship emerged as an important concept in the boundary between entrepreneurship and organizational contexts. Literature on nascent entrepreneurship has only gained attention recently, thus remaining diverse and limited, particularly concerning their interplay with contexts and varying entrepreneurial processes. This study reviews those themes on nascent entrepreneurship and it enhances the way contextual challenges are addressed by nascent entrepreneurs, through diverse entrepreneurial leaning and entrepreneurial capability.

Much More Than Meets the Eye

2021 ◽  
pp. 61-91
Author(s):  
Alexandra França ◽  
Silja Frankenbach ◽  
Vanda Vereb ◽  
Alexandra Vilares ◽  
António Carrizo Moreira
Keyword(s):  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
New Venture ◽  
New Venture Creation ◽  
Venture Creation ◽  
Nascent Entrepreneurs ◽  
Sociological Perspective ◽  
Nascent Entrepreneurship ◽  
Creation Process ◽  
The Way

Nascent entrepreneurship plays an important role in the study of entrepreneurship. It has been studied from different angles, especially from the psychological and sociological perspective as nascent entrepreneurs have distinctive traits and competencies. Other important foci of research are the investigation of the environment in which nascent entrepreneurs operate, as well as the way both the identification and exploitation of entrepreneurial opportunities have emerged. The main objective of this chapter is to address (1) the main individual characteristics that entrepreneurs have in common; (2) the environmental factors contributing to new venture creation; and (3) the steps in the creation process. The chapter departs from the fundamental process of nascent entrepreneurship, which is centered on opportunity recognition, evaluation, and exploitation, and is complemented by the way how contextual factors and personal characteristics and competencies influence the new venture creation process.

The Impact of Entrepreneurial Cognition on the Founding and Survival of New Small Businesses

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 453-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew P. Hird
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Style ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Nascent Entrepreneurs ◽  
Nascent Entrepreneurship ◽  
Nascent Entrepreneur ◽  
Psychometric Instruments ◽  
New Business ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

This paper reports on an investigation into nascent entrepreneurship. Developing and sustaining a new business is a complex and uncertain process, and different types of individuals react to this uncertainty in different ways. It is argued that cognitive factors play a crucial role. Validated and reliable psychometric instruments were administered to 119 nascent entrepreneurs in the UK. The respondents were tracked through the nascent phase, business launch and to six months after launch. The findings indicate that cognitive style is not a predictor of nascent entrepreneurship but that it is highly influential in the process of founding a business. Both intuitive and analytic nascent entrepreneurs started businesses and cognitive style did not affect survival rates, but the process of business formation and survival developed in different ways. Most research to date has argued that an intuitive cognitive style is associated with the necessary characteristics for launching an entrepreneurial venture. It is possible that this conclusion has been drawn because most studies have been conducted among existing entrepreneurs. The findings of the present study indicate that, at the nascent stage of entrepreneurship, and particularly among inexperienced nascent entrepreneurs, this assertion is open to challenge. An awareness of an entrepreneur's cognitive style may assist those who seek to support and advise the nascent entrepreneur, but may also help individual entrepreneurs to recognize their strengths and weaknesses and, so, to develop appropriate strategies for business launch and survival.

scholarly journals Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Improves Facial Dysmorphology Associated with Down Syndrome

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Starbuck ◽  
Sergi Llambrich ◽  
Ruben González ◽  
Julia Albaigès ◽  
Anna Sarlé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Chromosome 21 ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Facial Morphology ◽  
Egcg Treatment ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Facial Development ◽  
First Time

AbstractIn Down syndrome (DS), the overall genetic imbalance caused by trisomy of chromosome 21 leads to a complex pleiotropic phenotype that involves a recognizable set of facial traits. Several studies have shown the potential of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a green tea flavanol, as a therapeutic tool for alleviating different developmental alterations associated with DS, such as cognitive impairment, skull dysmorphologies, and skeletal deficiencies. Here we provide for the first time experimental and clinical evidence of the potential benefits of EGCG treatment to facial morphology. Our results showed that mouse models treated with low dose of EGCG during pre- and postnatal development improved facial dysmorphology. However, the same treatment at high dose produced disparate facial morphology changes with an extremely wide and abnormal range of variation. Our observational study in humans revealed that EGCG treatment since early in development is associated with intermediate facial phenotypes and significant facial improvement scores. Overall, our findings suggest a potential beneficial effect of ECGC on facial development, which requires further research to pinpoint the optimal dosages of EGCG that reliably improve DS phenotypes. Current evidence warns against the non-prescribed intake of this supplement as a health-promoting measure.

scholarly journals A Review: Inductively Coupled Plasma Reactive Ion Etching of Silicon Carbide

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Racka-Szmidt ◽  
Bartłomiej Stonio ◽  
Jarosław Żelazko ◽  
Maciej Filipiak ◽  
Mariusz Sochacki
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Etching Rate ◽  
Reactive Ion Etching ◽  
Semiconductor Processing ◽  
Ion Etching ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Hard Materials ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
First Time

The inductively coupled plasma reactive ion etching (ICP-RIE) is a selective dry etching method used in fabrication technology of various semiconductor devices. The etching is used to form non-planar microstructures—trenches or mesa structures, and tilted sidewalls with a controlled angle. The ICP-RIE method combining a high finishing accuracy and reproducibility is excellent for etching hard materials, such as SiC, GaN or diamond. The paper presents a review of silicon carbide etching—principles of the ICP-RIE method, the results of SiC etching and undesired phenomena of the ICP-RIE process are presented. The article includes SEM photos and experimental results obtained from different ICP-RIE processes. The influence of O2 addition to the SF6 plasma as well as the change of both RIE and ICP power on the etching rate of the Cr mask used in processes and on the selectivity of SiC/Cr etching are reported for the first time. SiC is an attractive semiconductor with many excellent properties, that can bring huge potential benefits thorough advances in submicron semiconductor processing technology. Recently, there has been an interest in SiC due to its potential wide application in power electronics, in particular in automotive, renewable energy and rail transport.

scholarly journals Dwell Time Modelling and Optimized Simulations for Crowded Rail Transit Lines Based on Train Capacity

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhibin Jiang ◽  
Chao Xie ◽  
Tingting Ji ◽  
Xiaolei Zou
Keyword(s):  
Dwell Time ◽  
Urban Rail Transit ◽  
Rail Transit ◽  
Transit Systems ◽  
Time Simulation ◽  
Urban Rail ◽  
Micro Simulation ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Passenger Trains ◽  
First Time

Understanding the nature of rail transit dwell time has potential benefits for both the users and the operators. Crowded passenger trains cause longer dwell times and may prevent some passengers from boarding the first available train that arrives. Actual dwell time and the process of passenger alighting and boarding are interdependent through the sequence of train stops and propagated delays. A comprehensive and feasible dwell time simulation model was developed and optimized to address the problems associated with scheduled timetables. The paper introduces the factors that affect dwell time in urban rail transit systems, including train headway, the process and number of passengers alighting and boarding the train, and the inability of train doors to properly close the first time because of overcrowded vehicles. Finally, based on a time-driven micro-simulation system, Shanghai rail transit Line 8 is used as an example to quantify the feasibility of scheduled dwell times for different stations, directions of travel and time periods, and a proposed dwell time during peak hours in several crowded stations is presented according to the simulation results.

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