An Investigation of a Computerized Sequential Depression Module of the MMPI-2

Assessment ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1084-1097
Author(s):  
Alex C. Nyquist ◽  
Johnathan D. Forbey
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory ◽  
Sequential Testing ◽  
Student Sample ◽  
Psychological Constructs ◽  
College Student Sample ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Somatic Dysfunction ◽  
Time Savings

The current study investigated the utility and validity of a computerized “depression” module of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory–Second version (MMPI-2), with and without sequential testing rules, with a college student sample. Participants completed one of three MMPI-2 test–retest administrations (i.e., conventional–conventional, conventional–module, or conventional–sequential module) as well as 15 criterion measures across two testing sessions exactly 1 week apart. The findings pointed to statistically significant and clinically meaningful time-savings in administering selected MMPI-2 scales (for both full-length and variable-length versions). Criterion measures rationally selected to represent similar (depression, anhedonia, anxiety) and dissimilar (behavioral, thought, and somatic dysfunction) psychological constructs were administered to assess the convergent and discriminant validity of the depression module. The criterion correlations suggested minimal differences in discriminant and convergent validity across administration modes, suggesting limited to no impact of administering targeted MMPI-2 scales in terms of construct validity.

What Does the Implicit Association Test Measure? A Test of the Convergent and Discriminant Validity of Prejudice-Related IATs

2002 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bertram Gawronski
Keyword(s):  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Association Test ◽  
Recent Criticism ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
East Asians ◽  
Student Sample ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Explicit Prejudice ◽  
Turkish People

Abstract. Drawing on recent criticism of the Implicit Association Test (IAT), the present study tested the convergent and discriminant validity of two prejudice-related IATs to corresponding explicit prejudice measures in a German student sample (N = 61). Confirming convergent validity, (a) an IAT designed to assess negative associations related to Turkish people was significantly related to the explicit endorsement of prejudiced beliefs about Turkish people, and (b) an IAT designed to assess negative associations related to East Asians was significantly related to explicit prejudice against East Asians. Moreover, confirming discriminant validity, (c) the Asian IAT was unrelated to the explicit endorsement of prejudiced beliefs about Turkish people, and (d) the Turkish IAT was unrelated to explicit prejudice against Asian people. These results further corroborate the assumption that the IAT is a valid method to assess the strength of evaluative associations in the domain of prejudice and stereotypes.

A Validation Study of the Adolescent Risk-taking Questionnaire

2000 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora Gullone ◽  
Jacqueline Paul ◽  
Susan M. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Parent Attachment ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Risk Beliefs ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Adolescent Risk

AbstractThe Adolescent Risk-taking Questionnaire (ARQ) was developed to comprehensively assess adolescent risk-taking beliefs and behaviours. Research has shown that it is a reliable instrument with strong construct validity. The current study investigated the convergent and discriminant validity of the ARQ by comparing responses of a sample of 52 male adolescents from a juvenile justice centre and 211 school-attending male adolescents. Consistent with past research, the juvenile justice centre youth reported significantly higher levels of depression and less optimal levels of parent attachment compared to school-attending youth. Convergent validity of the ARQ was demonstrated through significant relationships between attachment and risk-taking. Specifically, those adolescents with less optimal parent attachment were more likely to engage in risk-taking behaviour and were less likely to perceive the behaviours included in the ARQ as risky compared to those with more optimal levels of parent attachment. Discriminant validity of the ARQ was demonstrated through significant differences between the two groups on risk beliefs and behaviours. Responses on the ARQ indicated that youth from the juvenile justice centre were significantly more likely to engage in risky behaviours, if given the opportunity, than school-based youth. They also perceived the behaviours to be less risky. It was concluded that the ARQ has good convergent and discriminant validity.

scholarly journals Reliability and Validaty of St George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) into Indonesian Version

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Adnan Adnan ◽  
Dyah Aryani Perwitasari ◽  
Ully Adhie Mulyani
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Special Instrument ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Group Validity ◽  
Section Design ◽  
St George's Respiratory Questionnaire

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the disease as the highest contributor to the disease burden in Indonesia. Tuberculosis can affect the patients’ quality of life, such as psychological, physical, and social functioning. St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) is a special instrument which was widely used to measure the patients’ quality of life with respiratory disease. The objective of this study was to validate the Indonesian version of the SGRQ as instrument to collect data. A descriptive cross section design with 61 subjects was conducted at the Pulmonary Clinics and Primary Health Centers in the region of Yogyakarta within 3 months. The validation process included the known group validity, convergent and discriminant validity and factor analysis. There were 14 items question numbers which did not meet the criteria for convergent validity and 9 items which did not meet the criteria for discriminant validity. Known group validity analysis on gender showed that of the three domains of SGRQ, the activity domain gave statistically significant result. The factor analysis showed the result of Kaiser Meyer Olkin analysis (KMO) was less than 0.5. With a few modifications, the Indonesian version of SGRQ is valid and reliable for measuring quality of life in tuberculosis patients.

scholarly journals Psychometric Performance of Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescent (RSCA) for Undergraduates in Guangdong, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-93
Author(s):  
Hou Yongmei ◽  
Wang Yiyang
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Floor Effect ◽  
Psychometric Performance ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
Chinese Adolescent ◽  
Variance Contribution

To analyze the psychometric performance of Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescent (RSCA) for undergraduates in Guangdong. Stratified random sampling method was used to select 1628 undergraduates from 7 colleges in Guangdong. RSCA and Academic Burnout Scale for Chinese Undergraduates (ABSCU) were used to investigate them. Cronbach's αcoefficient and split-half reliability were used to analyze the internal consistency of RSCA. Convergent validity, discriminant validity, factor analysis and criterion validity were used to evaluate its validity. Celling and floor effect were used to analyze its sensitivity. Cronbach's α coefficient of the total questionniar, 2 domains and 5 factors were0.72-0.86, which met the requirements of the group comparison. Spearman-Brown split-half coefficient of the total questionniar, 2 domains and 5 factors were 0.71-0.89. The calibration success rate of convergent and discriminant validity of 5 factors were all 100%. The calibration success rate of convergent and discriminant validity of 2 domains were all above 86.7%. Five principal components obtained from 27 items, witha cumulative variance contribution rate of48.79% and two principal components obtained from 5 factors, withacumulative variance contribution rateof 65.23%,which basically metthe theoretical conception of RSCA. The total score of RSCA significantly predicted the total score of ABSCU (Radj2=0.158, P<0.001). The total score, scores of 2 domains and 5 factors of RSCA were all normal distribution, without any celling or floor effect. The psychometric performance of RSCA for undergraduates in Guangdong were valid and reliable.

Associations Among the MCMI-II Clinical Syndrome Scales and the MMPI-2 Clinical Scales

Assessment ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Blais ◽  
Kenneth B. Benedict ◽  
Dennis K. Norman
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Clinical Scales ◽  
Axis I

The Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory—II (MCMI-II), a frequently used self-report measure of psychopathology, contains nine scales designed to assess Axis I psychopathology (the clinical syndrome and severe syndrome scales). This study explored the relationships among these nine MCMI-II clinical syndrome scales and the clinical scales of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory–2 (MMPI-2). A sample of 108 psychiatric inpatients was administered both the MCMI-II and the MMPI-2 within 7 days of admission. Pearson correlation coefficients and principal component factors were obtained for the MCMI-II and MMPI-2 scales. The results provided support for the convergent validity of all the MCMI-II Axis I scales. However, the majority of the MCMI-II scales failed to demonstrate adequate discriminant validity in relation to the MMPI-2 scales. The principal component analysis revealed that method variance was the principal influence in determining factor loadings for the majority of test scales. This finding suggests that these two popular self-report tests differ substantially in how they measure psychopathology.

scholarly journals Convergent and Discriminant Validity of Personality Inventory for DSM-5-BF in a Primary Care Sample

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 846-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Porcerelli ◽  
Christopher J. Hopwood ◽  
John R. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Personality Inventory ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Primary Care Settings ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Psychiatric Screening

A growing body of research supports the validity of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) in evaluating community and psychiatric samples. Although maladaptive personality also has significant relevance in primary care settings, research on the PID-5 in primary care samples is limited. In this study, the authors examined the intercorrelations, convergent validity, and discriminant validity of the brief form of the PID-5 (PID-5-BF) in 100 primary care outpatients. Results are consistent with findings in other samples in suggesting that PID-5 domains are moderately intercorrelated and associated with a variety of mental health variables. Smaller associations with physical health variables support the discriminant validity of the instrument. Overall, results suggest that the PID-5-BF can provide a useful psychiatric screening tool in primary care settings.

Leniency Effects on Convergent and Discriminant Validity for Grouped Questionnaire Items: A Further Investigation

1981 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1093-1099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chester A. Schriesheim
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Matrix ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Leader Behavior ◽  
Matrix Analysis ◽  
Discount Store ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Questionnaire Validity ◽  
Behavior Description ◽  
The Impact

Two previous investigations revealed that grouping (rather than randomizing) questionnaire items measuring similar constructs (in subsections) resulted in impaired discriminant validity (Schrie-sheim and DeNisi, 1980) and that grouping also strengthened the impact of leniency response bias (Schriesheim, 1981). This study reanalyzed the data of the two earlier investigations to determine whether the impairment of the discriminant validity of the grouped questionnaire items might be due to spurious correlations attributable to leniency. The responses of thirty discount store employees to a questionnaire containing grouped items measuring leniency in leader behavior descriptions (Schriesheim, 1980) and four similar constructs from the Leader Behavior Description Questionnaire (Stogdill, 1963) and Four-Factor Theory Questionnaire (Taylor and Bowers, 1972) were examined for convergent and discriminant validity by using a traditional zero-order multitrait-multimethod correlation matrix analysis (Campbell and Fiske, 1959) and by statistically controlling the effect of spurious correlation attributable to leniency (by computing a first-order partial multitrait-multimethod correlation matrix, controlling for leniency as measured by the leniency scale). It was found that controlling for leniency resulted in a slight decrement in convergent validity, but that discriminant validity was substantially improved. Implications for questionnaire validity and further research are discussed.

scholarly journals Convergent and discriminant validity of psychiatric symptoms reported in The Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study at age 3 years with independent clinical assessment in the Longitudinal ADHD Cohort Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Biele ◽  
Pål Zeiner ◽  
Heidi Aase
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Separation Anxiety ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Parent Questionnaires

Epidemiological studies often use parent questionnaires to assess children's development and mental health. To date, few studies have investigated the validity of parent questionnaires with standardized clinical assessments as criterion. The current study examines discriminant and convergent validity of parent questionnaires for symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Oppositional Defiance Disorder (ODD), and Conduct Disorder (CD) as well as symptoms of Separation Anxiety employed in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study by using structured clinical interviews performed 5 months later in the Longitudinal ADHD Cohort Study as a criterion. The comparison of confirmatory factor analysis models and examination of factor correlations indicate convergent and discriminant validity of MoBa parent questionnaires for preschool children, especially for the assessment of ADHD and ODD/CD. Future research should attempt to further improve parent questionnaires, examine their validity in representative samples, and explicitly test their utility for screening.

scholarly journals Convergent and Discriminant Validity of the Barthel Index and the EQ-5D-3L When Used on Older People in a Rehabilitation Setting

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 10314
Author(s):  
Billingsley Kaambwa ◽  
Norma B. Bulamu ◽  
Christine Mpundu-Kaambwa ◽  
Raymond Oppong
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Physical Functioning ◽  
Barthel Index ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Empirical Performance ◽  
Status Measure ◽  
Scatter Plots ◽  
Spearman’S Correlation

This study compares the empirical performance of a commonly used functional-status measure, the Barthel Index (BI), to that of a widely used generic preference-based instrument, the EuroQoL-5-Dimensions 3 Level (EQ-5D-3L), in older people. Data from older people receiving rehabilitation services were used to test the validity of the BI and EQ-5D-3L. Convergent validity was investigated using Spearman’s correlation, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), scatter plots, Krippendorff’s alpha and modified Bland-Altman plots. Discriminant validity was examined using Kruskal Wallis tests, ceiling effects and EFA. A total of 1690 participants were included in the analysis. The BI total and EQ-5D-3L utility scores showed moderate correlation (r = 0.51; Krippendorff’s alpha = 0.52). Kendall’s Tau-B correlations between BI items and EQ-5D-3L dimensions measuring the same construct were weak to moderate (0.05 ≤ absolute r ≤ 0.54). In the EFA, some BI items cross-loaded onto the same factors as EQ-5D-3L dimensions, suggesting that the instruments were interrelated. The BI, however, focuses more on physical functioning, while the EQ-5D-3L measures broader wellbeing concepts. Both instruments showed good discriminant validity and would therefore be equally valuable for measuring subgroup differences. Researchers should consider using the BI in rehabilitation to capture more physical functioning-specific constructs not measured by the EQ-5D-3L.

The Fear of Being Laughed at, Social Anxiety, and Paranoid Ideation: A Multilevel Confirmatory Factor Analysis of Multitrait–Multimethod Data

Assessment ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 107319112110109
Author(s):  
Jorge Torres-Marín ◽  
Hugo Carretero-Dios ◽  
Michael Eid
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Paranoid Ideation ◽  
Peer Ratings ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Multilevel Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

The GELOPH-15 is a self-report measure that assesses individual differences in the fear of being laughed at (i.e., gelotophobia), a relatively understudied but important trait that is closely related to social anxiety. Using a multitrait–multimethod (MTMM) approach, the convergent and discriminant validity of the GELOPH-15 scale was examined based on 217 self- and 651 peer ratings (of three close acquaintances per target) of the traits gelotophobia, social anxiety, and paranoid ideation. Participants completed the Spanish versions of the GELOPH-15, the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale, and the Paranoia Scale. Applying MTMM models of multilevel confirmatory factor analyses (ML-CFA-MTMM) revealed relatively high associations between the self- and peer ratings, supporting the convergent validity of the GELOPH-15. Discriminant validity analyses confirmed the expected relationship patterns of gelotophobia with social anxiety and paranoid ideation (i.e., strong, but not perfect associations). The results showed that the ML-CFA-MTMM models might be a useful tool for analyzing the convergent and discriminant validity based on self- and peer ratings.

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