scholarly journals Risk Factors and Services to Reduce Child Sexual Abuse Recurrence

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-116
Author(s):  
Vincent J. Palusci ◽  
Marissa Ilardi
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Protective Services ◽  
Hispanic Families ◽  
Substance Abuse Services ◽  
Increased Risk

Child sexual abuse (CSA) is associated with a range of negative consequences for victims that are compounded when it recurs. We used the National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System to study a cohort of 42,036 children in 45 U.S. states with sexual abuse reports first confirmed by child protective services (CPS) during 2010 in order to identify children with increased risk for recurrence. A small proportion (3.6%) had a second confirmed sexual abuse report through 2015. In multivariate models, female gender, family hearing and vision problems, other child maltreatment, and other family violence were associated with increased risk of recurrence, while younger children, Hispanic families, and those with substance abuse tended to have less risk. One fourth of recurrence involved the same offender, usually a parent or caretaker. One fourth of cases were referred for any CPS services, which were more likely to be provided for families with poverty, drug or alcohol problems, or other violence. Only substance abuse services significantly reduced recurrence in multivariable models. Those trying to reduce CSA recurrence should recognize that certain case characteristics are associated with greater recurrence, and most CPS services do not significantly reduce CSA recurrence.

scholarly journals Child Sexual Abuse, Self-esteem, and Delinquent Behaviors During Adolescence: The Moderating Role of Gender

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110014
Author(s):  
Amélie Gauthier-Duchesne ◽  
Martine Hébert ◽  
Martin Blais
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
School Students ◽  
Delinquent Behaviors ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Moderated Mediation Model ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Complex Phenomena

To reflect the complex phenomena of child sexual abuse (CSA), studies should examine possible gender specificities and explore potentially explanatory mechanisms. The current study aimed to test the moderating effect of gender in the mediated relationship between CSA, self-esteem, and delinquency during adolescence. A moderated mediation model was tested among a representative sample of 8,194 high school students (57.8% girls and 42.2% boys) age 14 to 18 in the province of Quebec in Canada. Results showed that self-esteem has an indirect effect on the relationship between CSA and delinquency. Gender (being a boy) was associated with a higher level of self-esteem and an increased risk of delinquent behaviors. Among victims of CSA, boys reported lower levels of self-esteem than girls, which was associated with an increased risk of displaying delinquent behaviors. Self-esteem may be an important target of intervention for sexually abused youth, especially for boys. Focusing on promoting positive self-esteem may also reduce the risk for male adolescents struggling with the deleterious consequences of delinquency.

scholarly journals Children with a language disorder are vulnerable to sexual abuse

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Preliminary Data ◽  
Language Disorder ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Disclosure Patterns

Preliminary data suggest that children with language disorder may be at an increased risk of child sexual abuse (CSA),1,2 but few have studied the CSA experiences, disclosure patterns or reactions to disclosure in these children.

scholarly journals Severity of Child Sexual Abuse and Revictimization: The Mediating Role of Coping and Trauma Symptoms

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 308-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle A. Fortier ◽  
David DiLillo ◽  
Terri L. Messman-Moore ◽  
James Peugh ◽  
Kathleen A. DeNardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Sexual Coercion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Avoidant Coping ◽  
Trauma Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexual Revictimization ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Modifiable Factors

Child sexual abuse (CSA) has consistently been associated with the use of avoidant coping; these coping methods have been associated with increased trauma symptoms, which have, in turn, been linked to increased risk for adult sexual revictimization. Given these previous findings, the purpose of the current study was to test a model that conceptualized the relationships among these variables. Specifically, CSA severity was conceptualized as leading to the use of avoidant coping, which was proposed to lead to maintenance of trauma symptoms, which would, in turn, impact severity of revictimization indirectly. This comprehensive model was tested in a cross-sectional study of a large, geographically diverse sample of college women. Participants were 99 female undergraduates classified as having experienced CSA who completed measures of abuse history, coping style, current levels of trauma symptoms, and adult sexual revictimization. Multivariate path analysis indicated that the data fit the hypothesized model for verbally coercive, but not physically aggressive, revictimization. Specifically, increased CSA severity was associated with the use of avoidant coping, which, in turn, predicted greater levels of trauma symptomatology and severity of sexual coercion in adulthood. Although cross-sectional in nature, findings from this study suggest that coping strategies and trauma symptoms may represent modifiable factors that place women at increased risk for verbally coercive sexual revictimization.

Relational and Sexual Experiences of Betrayal From the Point of View of Sexually Victimized Young Women

2019 ◽  
pp. 088626051988819
Author(s):  
Roxanne Guyon ◽  
Mylène Fernet ◽  
Martine Hébert
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Sexual Experiences ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Traumagenic Dynamics ◽  
Sexually Victimized

Worldwide, it is estimated that one in five women have reported being sexually victimized before the age of 18. Girls are particularly at risk of sexual abuse at the end of adolescence and are more vulnerable to revictimization during this period. However, there is a paucity of findings related to the relational and sexual impacts of child sexual abuse among young women. The traumagenic dynamics model, proposed by Finkelhor and Browne, postulates that the consequences of sexual abuse can be analyzed in light of four distinct dynamics: traumatic sexualization, betrayal, powerlessness, and stigmatization. Among the four postulated dynamics, betrayal appears to be a key element to gain insight on the relational challenges experienced by victims, as betrayal situations can recur in romantic relationships. The present study aimed to describe, from the point of view of young women victims of child sexual abuse, the issues related to betrayals in their relational and sexual experiences. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 19 young women aged 18 to 25 years old who had reported sexual victimization. Two main conceptual categories emerged from the narratives of the participants: (a) relational situations that echo the betrayal dynamic and (b) strategies to cope with relational situations involving betrayal: protection, reparation, and the use of both strategies, which leads to ambivalence. Findings highlight the importance of addressing the traumagenic dynamic of betrayal in interventions with sexually abuse youths, given their likelihood to experience betrayal in the context of romantic relationships and their increased risk of revictimization.

The Prevalence of Child Sexual Abuse in Out-of-home Care: Increased Risk for Children with a Mild Intellectual Disability

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saskia Euser ◽  
Lenneke R.A. Alink ◽  
Anne Tharner ◽  
Marinus H. van IJzendoorn ◽  
Marian J. Bakermans-Kranenburg
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Mild Intellectual Disability ◽  
Out Of Home Care ◽  
Increased Risk

scholarly journals Risk Factors of Sexual Abuse among School going Children in Primary Schools in Kisumu County, Kenya

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Maranga ◽  
Patrick Onyango ◽  
Dickens Omondi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Day Schools ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Child sexual abuse is a public health problem with negative physical, mental, behavioral and learning outcomes to survivors. Recent Kenya Demographic Health Survey showed that 22% of women and 13% of men in western Kenya have experienced sexual abuse compared to 14% women and 6% men nationally. Its burden, predisposing factors and, sources of or reasons for differential exposure for boys are yet unclear. Whereas schools have a major influence on a child’s development and behavior, they have been identified as important settings where child sexual abuse might occur. However, how sexual abuse is patterned by type and location of school remains an open question. The present study investigated risk factors of sexual abuse among school-going children in primary schools in Kisumu County. Using a cross-sectional study design and guided by the ecological model, the study determined association between type of school and sexual abuse; association between location of school and sexual abuse, and spaces that predispose school-going children to sexual abuse in primary schools. A sample of 398 pupils aged between 10 – 16 years randomly identified participants from 37 pre-selected primary schools in Kisumu Central and Kisumu West sub-Counties was used. The schools had been stratified by location (rural and urban) and type (public or private, boarding or day). Parental permission was sought for respective pupils to participate in the study. Data from pupils was collected using self-administered questionnaires and focus group discussions, and key informant interviews from guidance and counseling teachers. The mean age of participants was 13 years. More pupils attended day schools than boarding schools (88% versus 12%; p= 0.017). Forced sex (29%) was the most common type of sexual abuse. More girls than boys had ever experienced any type of sexual abuse 29% versus 20%; p=0.038. Whereas there was no statistical difference in pupils’ experience of sexual abuse by type and location of school x2= 2.044; p>0.05 and x2= 0.823 p>0.05, pupils thought that attending public day schools is associated with higher risk for sexual abuse mainly while walking to and from home. Pupils cited bushes inside school (52%), latrines/toilets (51%) and bushes outside school (50%) as spaces where one is more likely to experience sexual abuse. Being a female pupil was the most significant risk factor for sexual abuse in the primary schools surveyed. This indicates that gendered predisposition plays an important role in occurrence of sexual abuse in primary schools. Though not statistically significant in this study, it is plausible that risky spaces and type of schools might modify female gender predisposition in subtler ways as suggested from the pupils’ perspectives. There is need for a gendered focus in a complex primary schooling environment

Il colloquio investigativo: le conseguenze di una buona e di una cattiva prassi

2009 ◽  
pp. 47-59
Author(s):  
Giuliana Mazzoni
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Eyewitness Testimony ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Investigative Interview ◽  
Interview Techniques ◽  
Made In

- In this article research is briefly reviewed on investigative interview techniques in children alleged victims of child sexual abuse. It is shown that such techniques represent a crucial factor in determining the accuracy and reliability of the witness report. Research in the psychology of eyewitness testimony provides important elements to understand which techniques are examples of good and which are examples of bad practice, which errors are commonly made in interviews, and which are the negative consequences of such common errors. Guidelines can limit the number of errors and render a report more accurate. Guidelines should be the same for every interviewer, and should be developed by a group of experts who are clearly familiar with the research data obtained in the psychology of eyewitness testimony.Key-words: eyewitness testimony, interview, children, sexual abuse.Parole chiave: testimonianza oculare, intervista, bambini, abuso sessuale.

What Rehabilitation Counselors Need to Know About Adult Survivors of Child Sexual Abuse

1996 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry M. Glantz ◽  
Brandon Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Adult Survivors ◽  
Rehabilitation Counselors ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Psychosocial Dysfunction ◽  
Mental Health Issues ◽  
Treatment Considerations

This paper examines counseling issues rehabilitation counselors are likely to encounter when working with adult survivors of child sexual abuse. First, this paper defines child sexual abuse and reviews statistics on prevalence among people with disabilities. It then examines adult psychosocial dysfunction and symptomatology, mental health issues, and substance abuse related to child sexual abuse. Finally, an overview of treatment considerations and implications for rehabilitation counselors is given.

Factors in Sexual Abuse of Children

1986 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 591-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Curtis
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Family Dysfunction ◽  
Mandatory Reporting ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Present Discussion ◽  
Reporting Laws

Despite current attention to ostensibly widespread sexual abuse of children less emphasis has been directed toward identifying factors which might contribute. Accountability of professionals under mandatory reporting laws in many states now requires protection of children against inadvertent or calculated varieties of abuse. The present discussion lists factors such as family dysfunction, psychopathology, substance abuse, social ineptitude, withdrawal, and isolation, history, and psychosocial stresses and crises, which may be used to estimate the likelihood of sexual abuse of children. While determination of physical and mental abuse, neglect, endangerment, and abandonment were not the focus of the present discussion, these varieties of child abuse seem correlated with the conditions under which sexual abuse occurs. Attention to these factors—applied together with clinical intuitions and other relevant sources of information—might help professionals make more accurate assessments from which possible incidents of child sexual abuse might be averted.

Childhood Sexual Abuse and Exposure to Peer Bullying Victimization

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110374
Author(s):  
Reeve S. Kennedy ◽  
Sarah A. Font ◽  
Ann-Christin Haag ◽  
Jennie G. Noll
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Bullying Victimization ◽  
Dating Relationships ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Peer Bullying ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Females exposed to child sexual abuse (CSA) are at an increased risk of experiencing further victimization in adolescence. Associations between CSA and several forms of cyber and in-person peer bullying victimization were assessed in a prospective, longitudinal study. Females exposed to substantiated CSA and a matched comparison group (N = 422) were followed over a two-year period. Bullying experiences were assessed in both survey and qualitative interviews. Qualitative data were coded and used to describe the types (e.g., cyber, physical, verbal), and foci (e.g., threats, physical appearance) of bullying victimization. Logistic regression was used to assess the odds that CSA was associated with subsequent bullying victimization, adjusted for demographics, social networking use, and prior bullying. CSA-exposed females were at an increased risk of multiple forms of bullying victimization with a persistent risk of bullying victimization over time. Specifically, they had 2.6 times higher odds of experiencing any bullying at follow-up, 2.9 times higher odds of experiencing cyberbullying at follow-up, and 2 times higher odds of experiencing combined cyber/in-person bullying at follow-up. CSA-exposed females were more likely than comparison females to experience bullying regarding their appearance/weight and dating relationships. Findings provide further insight into the unique circumstances of the cyberbullying and in-person bullying experienced by CSA-exposed females. Females exposed to child sexual abuse (CSA) are at an increased risk of experiencing bullying victimization, specifically cyberbullying and combined cyber/in-person bullying, as well as bullying about their appearance and dating relationships. These findings indicate that bullying prevention needs to include trauma-focused components to target these uniquely vulnerable females.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document