Anonymous Attribution During two Periods of Military Conflict: Using Logistic Regression to Study Veiled Sources in American Newspapers

1997 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 565-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan E. Denham
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Washington Post ◽  
Source Attribution ◽  
Response Variable ◽  
Los Angeles Times ◽  
Military Conflict ◽  
Military Conflicts ◽  
The Military ◽  
Ordinal Level

In this study, nearly 9,000 news paragraphs concerning the military conflicts in Bosnia and Somalia were coded for a series of variables. The use of anonymous attribution varied significantly in Associated Press, Los Angeles Times, and Washington Post content. In addition to providing valuable information about the use of sources, the study also contributes to communication methodology by using logistic regression analysis to test the effects of four predictor variables on an ordinal-level response variable. Scholars who examine source attribution in Western newspapers are encouraged to use the method in future analyses.

Prospects for Cooperation Between Russia and Syria in Various Scenarios of Military Conflict Development

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
Alheder Haled
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Foreign Economic Policy ◽  
Military Conflict ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
Gdp Growth Rate ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Military Conflicts ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Relationship

The paper is devoted to determining the prospects for cooperation between Russia and the Syrian Arab Republic in various scenarios of military conflicts. In order to identify the relationship between the success of the country's foreign economic policy and the military conflicts waged on its territory, a study was conducted of such indicators of Syria as: the growth rate of the peace index and the GDP growth rate. A strong inverse correlation is revealed, which means that the level of political situation and peace in the state determines the efficiency of the economy. In view of this, various scenarios of the development of the military conflict in Syria have been studied: at the initial stage, at the stage of active hostilities, at the present stage of overcoming the crisis. The last stage involves four different scenarios for the development of a military conflict, including a local nature and a protracted nature with the involvement of other countries of the world. Options for developing cooperation between Russia and Syria have been identified for each scenario. Taking into account the assessment of the international political situation, the two most likely scenarios for further military events in Syria are identified, and the prospects for cooperation between Russia and Syria in these conditions are outlined.

scholarly journals Responses of a Pre-hospital Emergency Medical Service During Military Conflict Versus COVID-19: A Retrospective Comparative Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eli Jaffe ◽  
Roman Sonkin ◽  
Evan Avraham Alpert ◽  
Erik Zerath
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Military Conflict ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Military Conflicts ◽  
Comparative Cohort Study ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Military ◽  
Conflict Period

ABSTRACT Background Decreases in routine healthcare practices have been shown to occur during disasters. However, research regarding the impacts of natural disasters, pandemics, or military conflicts on emergency medical services (EMS) is scarce. Objectives This study assessed the impact of a military conflict versus the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on a national EMS organization in terms of responses to overall daily emergencies, medical illnesses, motor vehicle collisions, and other injuries. Methods This retrospective comparative cohort study assessed daily routine emergency ambulance calls to Magen David Adom (MDA), Israel’s national EMS organization. This included overall emergency calls as well as those related to medical illnesses, motor vehicle collisions (MVCs), and other injuries. All data were obtained from the MDA command and control database. During the military conflict Operation Protective Edge (2014), the civilian population was subjected to intensive rocket attacks for 24 days, followed by 26 days of a progressive withdrawal of operations and then to a post-conflict period. During the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (March-April 2020), the population was subjected to 32 days of total lockdown, followed by 27 days of progressive relief of confinement, and then to a post-lockdown period. Results The total number of emergency calls in this study was 330,430. During the conflict, the mean number of daily calls decreased, followed by an increase during Relief and Post-Conflict with higher values in Post-Conflict than in Pre-Conflict. During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a decrease in the mean daily number of calls during Lockdown. It remained low during Relief and increased during Post-Lockdown. However, it remained lower in Post-Lockdown than during Pre-Lockdown. Calls related to medical illnesses decreased during the conflict and during the lockdown. The post-conflict period was characterized by a similar baseline call magnitude but not during the post-lockdown period. Decreases in calls for MVC and other injuries were significant during the lockdown but not during the military conflict. Post-lockdown was accompanied by return to baseline call volumes for MVC, whereas calls for other injuries increased above baseline both after the lockdown and military conflict. Conclusion This study shows decreasing trends in routine daily calls for EMS during both Operation Protective Edge and COVID-19. However, different patterns of needs for EMS were evidenced for medical illnesses, MVC, or calls concerning other injuries. These results are instrumental for managing the operational demands of EMS during military conflicts and pandemics.

Science and Medical Coverage in the Los Angeles Times and The Washington Post

2000 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT A. LOGAN ◽  
PENG ZENGJUN ◽  
NANCY FRASER WILSON
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Washington Post ◽  
Los Angeles Times

scholarly journals Escalation of Military Conflict Between India and Pakistan in The Post Lahore Declaration (1999 – 2019): Security Dilemma Perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 219
Author(s):  
Impiani Impiani
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Domestic Politics ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Main Argument ◽  
Security Dilemma ◽  
Military Conflict ◽  
Conflict Escalation ◽  
Military Conflicts ◽  
The Military

This paper describes the military conflict escalation between India and Pakistan in the period after 1999 Lahore Declaration. After several major wars, military conflicts between the two countries continued to this day. Previous studies on the India-Pakistan conflict only discussed the causes of this conflict and efforts to resolve conflicts. The studies are divided into three major perspectives, namely; security, domestic politics, and political economy, but none has explained how this military conflict is relatively lasting. Using security dilemma as an analytical framework, this paper will explain the variables of the security dilemma that have contributed to the escalating tensions between India and Pakistan. The security dilemma creates a circumstance where offensive action preferable by both states rather than defensive efforts. The main argument of this paper s that India and Pakistan see each other's behavior -such as the development of military defense capability, nuclear weaponry development, and alliance trends- as threats so that they are always remains in the security dilemma situation.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF THE LEADING TYPE OF IMPROVEMENTS OF SERVICEMANTS IN MODERN MILITARY CONFLICTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 128-133
Author(s):  
I. P. Khomenko ◽  
K. V. Gumeniuk ◽  
S. O. Korol ◽  
E. V. Tsema ◽  
R. М. Mikhaylusov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Information ◽  
Combat Trauma ◽  
Loss Ratio ◽  
Civilian Population ◽  
Military Conflict ◽  
Number Of Components ◽  
Military Conflicts ◽  
The Military ◽  
Further Development

Summary. The results of studying the main damaging factors of servicemen, it is necessary to consider a large number of components of a military conflict. The problem is that in some conflicts there is little data on the loss ratio. Ancient wars were not as familiar as modern ones. Data on ancient wars are sometimes exaggerated, or vice versa, in order to prevent a catastrophe in the military and political sense, they are underestimated. The study of the structure of combat trauma remains a very topical topic. In light of the development of medical and military science, it becomes possible to consider the problem as a multimodal scheme. The aim of a view of the battle in the field of service every hour of the holding of a conflict. Materials and methods for further development. In the peaceful hour of the middle of the civilian population, there are a lot of wounds in the fire, so they have to go for the crime of criminalization of the suspension, as well as in the case of non-merciless vapours on the edge, with the unprotected, unbearable weather in the winter. The results of that discussion. The analysis of scientific information during the ATO / OUF showed that in the structure of sanitary losses of a surgical profile, injuries from ear problems to become 56.7 % — 62.6 %. to the most obvious, isolated character. Conclusions. Clinical-epidemiological and clinical-anatomical pre-diagnoses reported that injuries due to splinter ears of children become 80.4 %, with cultivars — 13.1 %, with minor-explosive — 2.2 % and with explosive injuries.

How and Why the U.S. Finally Joined the Berne International Copyright Convention

1989 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
Michiel van Bremen ◽  
David J. Thibodeau
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Copyright Protection ◽  
New York Times ◽  
The United States ◽  
Washington Post ◽  
Berne Convention ◽  
Los Angeles Times ◽  
Daily Newspapers ◽  
The U.S

On October 31, 1988, in a ceremony at the Beverly Hilton Hotel attended by Congressmen and members of the artistic community. President Reagan signed the 1988 Berne Convention implementation Act. This Act allowed the United States to join the international Berne Convention lor the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works as of March, 1989. Although the Act somewhat expands the availability of U.S. copyright protection to European atilhors, it affects U.S. authors' rights even less, practically speaking. Perhaps that explains why only three major U.S. daily newspapers, The New York Times, The Washington Post, and Los Angeles Times, briefly mentioned this historic moment for the internal ional copyright environment. This article explores why and how the U.S. has joined the Berne Convention after more than 102 years, and the effect that this will have un the availability of U.S. copyright protection to foreign authors. Before considering the technical consequences of the Berne Convention Implementation Act, we give a brief overview of two relevant international copyright treaties and their major differences.

scholarly journals Thrust Into the Spotlight: COVID-19 Focuses Media Attention on Nursing Homes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Alan Miller ◽  
Elizabeth Simpson ◽  
Pamela Nadash ◽  
Michael Gusmano
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
New York Times ◽  
Washington Post ◽  
The New York Times ◽  
Los Angeles Times ◽  
Dramatic Rise ◽  
The Media ◽  
Keyword Searches

Abstract Objective This study sheds light on the agenda-setting role of the media during the COVID-19 crisis by examining trends in nursing home (NH) coverage in 4 leading national newspapers—The New York Times, Washington Post, USA Today, and Los Angeles Times. Method Keyword searches of the Nexis Uni database identified 2,039 NH-related articles published from September 2018 to June 2020. Trends in the frequency of NH coverage and its tone (negative) and prominence (average words, daily article count, opinion piece) were examined. Results Findings indicate a dramatic rise in the number of NH articles published in the months following the first COVID-19 case, far exceeding previous levels. NH coverage became considerably more prominent, as the average number of words and daily articles on NHs increased. The proportion of negative articles largely remained consistent, though volume rose dramatically. Weekly analysis revealed acceleration in observed trends within the post-COVID-19 period itself. These trends, visible in all papers, were especially dramatic in The New York Times. Discussion Overall, findings reveal marked growth in the frequency and number of prominent and negative NH articles during the COVID-19 crisis. The increased volume of coverage has implications for the relative saliency of NHs to other issues during the pandemic. The increased prominence of coverage has implications for the perceived importance of addressing pre-existing deficits and the devastating consequences of the pandemic for NHs.

scholarly journals PRESUPPOSITION TRIGGERS IN THE WASHINGTON POST AND LOST ANGELES TIMES ONLINE NEWS

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-36
Author(s):  
Khairani Ade Guswita ◽  
Pratomo Widodo
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Definite Description ◽  
Online News ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Washington Post ◽  
Collection Method ◽  
Los Angeles Times ◽  
Restrictive Clause ◽  
Presupposition Triggers ◽  
Post Online

   The aim of this study is to analyze the use of presupposition triggers in the Washington Post and Los Angeles Times online news. This study was conducted using a qualitative approach. The sources of this study are the Washington Post and Lost Angeles Times news on the internet. The data were analyzed based on the theory about presupposition triggers from Levinson (1983) and Yule (1996). The data collection method in this study is Metode Simak and Metode Catat which are proposed by Sudaryanto (2018). The result of this study is the most dominant types of triggers presuppositions which found in the Washington Post online news is a definite description with 29 occurrences (26%) and 37 occurrences (24%)in Lost Angeles online news. Both the Washington Post and Los Angeles Times online news use the clef-construction as part of the lexical and non-restrictive clause as part of structural which more dominant than others. Otherwise, the distinction on two online is conventional times which only appeared in the Los Angeles Times.  

scholarly journals Freedom of Expression versus Blasphemy: A Comparative Study of Pakistan and United States’ News Media

2019 ◽  
Vol IV (IV) ◽  
pp. 130-139
Author(s):  
Tasaddaq Hussain ◽  
Muhammad Aslam Pervez ◽  
Syed Inamur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
News Media ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
The United States ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Washington Post ◽  
Los Angeles Times ◽  
Changing Trends ◽  
The Us

This study compares the freedom of expression exercised by news media of the United States and the Pakistan; with reference to the controversial movie trailer "Innocence of Muslims"; released on You-tube by July 1, 2012. Content analysis research design is applied. Our time frame is September 11-30, 2012 and 50 opinion articles from the Washington post, the Los Angeles Times, Dawn and the Express Tribune are our sample. The framing theory is applied; consistency and discord frame category system is adopted. Dominant frames and their changing trends in different quarters of the timeframe are studied. It was found that discord frame was dominant frame on both sides. The vitality of the discord and consistency frame coverage in Pakistani media was higher than United States' media. The US media was consistency oriented whereas PN media was discord oriented. However, overall trend of both media were found leaning towards the settlement.

Comparing and contrasting corrected errors at four newspapers

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirstie Hettinga ◽  
Alyssa Appelman ◽  
Christopher Otmar ◽  
Alesandria Posada ◽  
Anne Thompson
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Wall Street Journal ◽  
New York Times ◽  
Washington Post ◽  
Wall Street ◽  
Los Angeles Times ◽  
The Wall Street Journal ◽  
Location Type

A content analysis of corrections (N = 507) from four influential newspapers—the New York Times, the Washington Post, The Wall Street Journal and the Los Angeles Times—shows that they correct errors similar to each other in terms of location, type, impact and objectivity. Results are interpreted through democratic theory and are used to suggest ways for copy editors to most effectively proofread and fact-check.

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