scholarly journals Genetic and BMI Risks for Predicting Blood Pressure in Three Generations of West African Dogon Women

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacquelyn Y. Taylor ◽  
Deborah Sampson ◽  
Andre D. Taylor ◽  
Dennis Caldwell ◽  
Yan V. Sun
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
African American Women ◽  
The United States ◽  
West African ◽  
African Women ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chromosome 2 ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Three Generations

The study of genetic polymorphisms and body mass index (BMI) among African women in Africa and in the United States contributes to our understanding of the genetic and environmental risk factors for hypertension. African American women have the highest prevalence of hypertension and obesity compared to other ethnic groups in the United States. Using a cross-sectional research design, we examined the effects of genetic and environmental risks of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and BMI on blood pressure (BP) among three generations of West African Dogon women ( N = 199). We genotyped six SNPs located in the candidate genes known to be related to hypertension. We tested the associations between these SNPs and systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) with Fisher’s exact tests, chi-square tests for independence, and multivariable linear mixed models. The SNP rs8179526 (SLC4A5) was significantly associated with SBP adjusted for age, age2, and BMI ( p = .02). The “C” allele variant of rs8179526 (allele frequency of 0.445) was associated with higher SBP. This SNP did not deviate from the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) with p value of .772. The SNP × BMI interaction effects associated with SBP and DBP were not significant. rs8179526 is located on the SLC4A5 gene on chromosome 2. SLC4A5 encodes a protein that transports sodium and bicarbonate across cell membranes while regulating cellular pH and contains several SNPs linked to elevated BP. Knowledge of the SNP’s effect on hypertension among West African women can help health practitioners educate their patients about genetic risks of developing hypertension.

scholarly journals Gene-Environment Interaction for Hypertension Among African American Women Across Generations

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacquelyn Y. Taylor ◽  
Yan V. Sun ◽  
Steven C. Hunt ◽  
Sharon L.R. Kardia
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
African American ◽  
African American Women ◽  
Cytosolic Calcium ◽  
The United States ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Chromosome 2 ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Offspring Cohort ◽  
American Women

African American women have the highest prevalence of hypertension and obesity of any group in the United States. African American girls have the highest incidence of obesity of any groups of children in the nation, and diagnoses of hypertension have been rising among this group. Because both genetic heredity and body mass index (BMI) are important risk factors for hypertension, this study examined the gene-BMI interaction for hypertension across the lifespan in two generations of African American women. Participants comprised of 868 African American women in the parent cohort and 322 in the offspring cohort from the Hypertension Genetic Epidemiology Network (HyperGEN) study, part of the Family Blood Pressure Program (FBPP). A total of 115 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were evaluated among the parent cohort and 491 among the offspring cohort for tests of SNP-BMI interaction using methods of false discovery rate (FDR; <.20) and examination of minor allele frequency (MAF; >.05) and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (>.10). One SNP (located in the CAPN 13 gene, rs1879282) passed adjustments for the multiple testing mentioned above and had a significant (p < .01) gene-BMI interaction on both systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) among African American female offspring. The rs1879282 SNP is located on chromosome 2 on the calpain (CAPN) 13 gene, which is part of a family of cytosolic calcium-activated proteases involved in apoptosis, cell division, modulation of integrin—cytoskeletal interactions, and synaptic plasticity. This SNP was not available for testing in the African American parent cohort.

scholarly journals Hubungan Intensitas Kebisingan Dan Lama Kerja Dengan Kejadian Hipertensi Pada Tenaga Kerja Bagian Produksi PT. Japfa Comfeed Indonesia Tbk.

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 591
Author(s):  
Andry Setiawan ◽  
Yohanes Joko Supriyadi ◽  
Maharso Maharso
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Body ◽  
P Value ◽  
Emotional Instability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Checks ◽  
Moderate Relationship

The Relations Of The Intensity Of Noise And Work Term With The Hypertension Case Of The Production Parts Employees In PT. Japfa Comfeed Indonesia Tbk.. Some research results prove that one of the risk factor of stroke is high blood pressure (hypertension). Noise pollution may be associated with the occurrence of hypertention, this is supported by an epidemiological study in the United States. The results of that study mentioned that people exposed to noise tend to have unstable emotions. Emotional instability will lead to a stress. If the stress happened long enough, it will cause the narrowing of blood vessels, so it will make the heart to work harder to pump blood throughout the body. In a long term, blood pressure will rise, and this is called Hypertension. The purpose of this study is to determine the relations between the intensity of noise pollution and work term with the case of hypertension in the production parts employee of PT. Japfa Comfeed Indonesia Tbk. Tanah Laut regency in 2017. The research method used is an analytical survey with cross sectional approach. The population in this study is amounted to 57 people and the sample amounted to 57 people. The results of this study indicates that there is a moderate relationship between the intensity of noise pollution with the incidence of hypertension (p-value = 0,002 < α = 0,05 r = 0,407), and there is a low relationship between work term with the incidence of hypertension (p-value = 0,014 < α = 0,05 r = 0,323). Suggestions given to the company is to provide guidance on the use of PPE, perform routine health checks on employees and rotate the position of work on the employee of production.

Blood Pressure of Children in the United States

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 648-649
Author(s):  
Alexander R. P. Walker ◽  
B. Faith Walker
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Task Force ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Status ◽  
Heart Blood ◽  
Lung Institute

Professor F. A. Adams1 has criticized data published by the Task Force of the National Heart, Blood and Lung Institute,2 averring that the cross-sectional data used to produce the blood pressure standards for children "cannot define the optimal or medically normal; they only describe the status of the population at that moment in time." Adams believes that, ideally, "beyond infancy the normal aging process is unaccompanied by an increase in blood pressure." There are many populations living primitively to whom this applies, although our experience of blacks living in very remote parts of Southern Africa is that it is only beyond adolescence, not infancy, that blood pressure does not rise significantly.

Abstract P128: Age-related Patterns In Systolic And Diastolic Blood Pressure In Adults From The United States And India

Hypertension ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aayush Visaria ◽  
David Lo ◽  
Pranay Maniar
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Physical Processes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Quadratic Curve ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Age Related Changes

The purpose of this cross-sectional, exploratory analysis was to describe age-related patterns of blood pressure (BP) among participants in India (using the 2014 Annual Health Survey) and the United States (using National Health & Nutrition Examination Surveys 2011-2016). We included 10,759 U.S. and 790,641 Indian participants aged ≥20 years with ≥2 BP readings. We plotted mean systolic (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) across 5-year age groups and estimated best fit models. SBP increased linearly with age in both sexes and study populations (R 2 : 0.88-0.99; Fig. 1-2). Those with overweight/obese BMI had higher SBP and modestly higher rates of increase in SBP. DBP followed a quadratic curve (R 2 : 0.68-0.99), peaking in the 5-6th decade (45-49 years in U.S. and 50-59 in India) with higher and earlier peaks in those with elevated BMI. The models’ strong fit and similarity between study populations supports the notion that physical processes underly BP’s age-related changes.

scholarly journals Trends in Vitamin C Consumption in the United States: 1999–2018

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 420
Author(s):  
Mary Brauchla ◽  
Mark J. Dekker ◽  
Colin D. Rehm
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Health And Nutrition

Low intakes of fruits and vegetables have resulted in suboptimal intakes of several micronutrients, including vitamin C. This cross-sectional study used data from 84,902 children/adults (≥1 y) who completed a 24-h dietary recall as part of the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999–2018). Mean vitamin C intakes from foods/beverages were calculated as were trends in major food/beverage sources of vitamin C. Percentages below the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) were estimated. Overall, mean vitamin C consumption declined by 23% (97–75 mg/d; p-value for trend < 0.001). 100% fruit juice was the leading source of vitamin C (25.6% of total or 21.7mg/d), but this declined by 48% (25–13 mg/d; p-value for trend < 0.001). Whole fruit increased among children/adolescents (+75.8%;10–17 mg/d; p-value for trend < 0.001), but not adults, while the vegetable contribution was generally unchanged. The proportion of the population below the EAR increased by 23.8% on a relative scale or 9 percentage points on an absolute scale (38.3–47.4%). Declines in vitamin C intake is driven largely by decreases in fruit juice coupled with modest increases in whole fruit. Due to associations between vitamin C intake and numerous health outcomes these trends warrant careful monitoring moving forward.

scholarly journals Virtual Oncology Appointments during the Initial Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic: An International Survey of Patient Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 671-677
Author(s):  
Jonathan M. Loree ◽  
Hallie Dau ◽  
Nevena Rebić ◽  
Alyssa Howren ◽  
Louise Gastonguay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Video Conferencing ◽  
The United States ◽  
Patient Perspectives ◽  
P Value ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Initial Wave

There has been rapid implementation of virtual oncology appointments in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in its first wave. Our objective was to assess patterns and perspectives towards virtual oncology appointments during the pandemic among patients with cancer undergoing active treatment. We conducted an international Internet-based cross-sectional survey. Participants were eligible if they (1) were ≥18 years of age; (2) had been diagnosed with cancer (3) were currently undergoing cancer treatment, and (4) spoke English or French. Between 23 April 2020 and 9 June 2020, 381 individuals accessed the survey, with 212 actively undergoing treatment for cancer, including 27% with colorectal, 21% with breast, 7% with prostate and 7% with lung cancer. A total of 52% of respondents were from Canada and 35% were from the United States. Many participants (129, 62%) indicated having had a virtual oncology appointment during the COVID-19 pandemic and most were satisfied with their experience (83%). We found older participants (≥50 years; adjusted OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.85 compared to <50 years) and those with shortest duration of treatment (≤3 months; adjusted OR 0.06; 95% CI 0 to 0.69 compared to >12 months) were less likely to be satisfied with virtual oncology appointments. Virtual health platforms used differed across countries with higher telephone use in Canada (87%) and other countries (86%) as compared to the United States (54%; p-value < 0.05), where there was higher use of video conferencing. Altogether, our findings demonstrate favorable patient perspectives towards virtual oncology appointments experienced during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity Among Adult Women in China, Mali and United States: Evolution of Trends over Ten Years

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1695-1695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanislav Seydou Traore ◽  
Adwoa Nyantakyiwaa Amoah ◽  
Huanan Chen ◽  
Yuan Cao ◽  
Yanfang Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Chinese Women ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Usa

Abstract Objectives This article assessed trends in the prevalence of overweight and obesity over ten years among adult women. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using National Surveys Data from China, Mali and the United States between 2001–2002 and 2012–2013. The sample population consisted of all adult women: 140,022 (2002) and 157,850 (2012) adults aged 18 and above in China, 10,424 (2002) and 4502 (2012) women aged 15–49 in Mali, 4413 (2001) and 5181 (2012) adults aged 20 and above in the USA. The proportion test (Z test) was used to evaluate the 10-year prevalence differences in different countries. Results In ten-year period, overweight has significantly increased from 22.7% to 29.9% among Chinese women with a growth of 7.2% (P-value &lt; 0.05) and, 11.2% to 12.9% in Malian women with a growth of 1.7% (P-value &lt; 0.05). Among US women, overweight has increased from 28.2% to 29.7% with a non-significant growth of 1.5% (P-value &gt;0.05). The prevalence of women's obesity in all three countries has significantly increased, more particularly in China. Conclusions Data from the National Survey over ten years showed an increase in the prevalence of overweight as well as obesity in Chinese, Malian and US women. Funding Sources This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Project number 81,673,165].

scholarly journals Risk Assessment on Stroke by Using Framingham Score and the Correlation with Obesity and Profelipid on Bima Ethnic Group at Bima

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Hj. Nurwahidah
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Clinic ◽  
P Value ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Framingham Score ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sample Number ◽  
Correlation Test ◽  
The Brain

Stroke is an acute nerve function disorder which caused by the dysfunctional blood flow to the brain, the symptoms depend on the brain focal area that has dysfunctions. Stroke has become the fifth of the cause of death in the United States, kills nearly 130,000 people each year, 1 of 20 deaths is caused by stroke. In every 40 seconds in the United States, a person is afflicted by stroke. In every 4 minutes, two people died of stroke. Every year approximately 795,000 people in the United States have stroke. Among its 610,000 had stroke for the first time while the rest 185,000 people had their series of occurrence.Research design used in this research is cross sectional method that stresses on certain time data measurement. This research’s subject is patients of Health Clinic Center throughout Bima who participate in POLANIS program. The sampling method of this research is consecutive sampling, so the sampling choices are all individuals which comply to the sample criteria, until the designated sample number is reached. Framingham Score Sheet is used by the writer as the research instrument.The correlation test resulted in p value > 0.05 so it can be concluded there is no relationship between obesity by framingham score to incidents of stroke and also the correlation test resulted in p value > 0.05 and it can be concluded that there is no relationship between obesity by framingham score with the risk of stroke.There is no relevance between obesity and cholesterol by framingham score with the incidents of stroke and the risk of stroke for responders in Health Clinic Center throughout Bima.

Black Muslimness Mobilized

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Youssef J. Carter
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Carolina ◽  
Religious Study ◽  
The United States ◽  
Black Atlantic ◽  
West African ◽  
Religious Leader ◽  
American Muslims ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Sufi Order

The Mustafawi Tariqa is a transnational Sufi Order that was initiated in 1966 by the late Cheikh Mustafa Gueye Haydara (d. 1989) in Thiès, Senegal. Yet, only since 1994 has this specific Sufi network reached westward across the water, bringing American Muslims—many of whom are converts—into the larger network. In the United States, the majority of students who have entered the Tariqa and have declared allegiance (bayah) to Shaykh Arona Rashid Faye Al-Faqir are African-Americans who have inserted themselves religiously, culturally, and pedagogically into a West African Sufi tradition which emphasizes religious study and the practice of dhikr (remembrance of God). Shaykh Arona Faye is a Senegalese religious leader who relocated to the southeastern region of the United States from West Africa to spread the religion of Islam and expose American Muslims to the rich West African tradition of spiritual purification and Islamic piety. At the same time, many of those who are African-American members of this tradition have made it a point to travel to Senegal themselves to strengthen transatlantic ties with West African compatriots and visit sacred burial sites in the small city of Thiès. I examine how two sites of pilgrimage for the Mustafawi—Moncks Corner, South Carolina and Thiès, Senegal—play a part in the infrastructure of Black Atlantic Sufi network. Moncks Corner is the central site in which access to the Tariqa’s most charismatic living shaykh, Shaykh Arona Faye, has worked for the past two decades teaching and mentoring those on the Path. On the other hand, Thiès is the location where the Tariqa’s founder is buried and travelers visit the town in order to pay homage to his memory. I show how these sites catalyze mobility and operate as spaces of spiritual refuge for visitors in both local and regional contexts by looking at how a local zawiyah produces movement in relation to a broader tariqa. By looking at pilgrimage and knowledge transmission, I argue that the manner in which esoteric approaches to spiritual care and the embodiment of higher Islamic ethics via the West African Sufi methodology of the Mustafawi informs the manner in which Muslims of varying African descent inhabit a broader diasporic identification of “Black Muslimness.”

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