A Venous “Patch” Technique Improves Patency Rate of Primary Radiocephalic Fistulas

2002 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.I. Titiz ◽  
T. Yalti ◽  
O. Krand ◽  
Ç. Aydin ◽  
I. Berber
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Patency Rate ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Standard Technique ◽  
Early Failure ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Patch Technique ◽  
Venous Patch

A retrospective study was designed to evaluate the outcome of native wrist arteriovenous fistula (AVF) constructed with standard versus venous “patch” techniques in terms of immediate, early and late failures. Between January 1991 and July 2001, 1948 patients underwent primary wrist radiocephalic AVF. Thirty eight per cent (740) of the fistulas were created using the venous patch technique. Immediate and/or early failure rate was significantly lower in the venous “patch” technique (Group II) compared to the standard technique (Group I). Although the difference in late failures between Groups I and II did not reach statistical significance, the cumulative patency rates were significantly better in Group II. Radiocephalic fistula constructed with the use of venous patch is recommended whenever the anatomy is feasible.

scholarly journals Correlation of Orthodontic Treatment by Fixed or Myofunctional Appliances and Periodontitis: A Retrospective Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 322-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukhpreet Mangat ◽  
Modi S Kichorchandra ◽  
Akash Handa ◽  
Suresh Bindhumadhav
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Gingival Recession ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Gingival Health ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference

ABSTRACT Introduction Malocclusion plays an important role in the development of periodontitis. Thus, by treating malocclusion, a good gingival health can be achieved. This study was conducted to establish the correlation between orthodontic tooth movement and periodontitis. Materials and methods This is a retrospective study conducted on 220 patients who underwent orthodontic treatment for malocclusion. They were divided into two groups: Group I patients were treated with fixed orthodontics, while group II patients received myofunctional appliances. Results The value for plaque, gingival recession, and tooth mobility significantly increased in group I patients. However, the difference was statistically nonsignificant in group II patients. Conclusion The authors concluded that there is correlation between malocclusion and periodontitis. Malocclusion leads to periodontitis. Clinical significance Malocclusion is the main reason for the development of poor periodontal health. Combined effort has to be played by both periodontist and orthodontist for the treatment of various orthodontic-periodontal problems. How to cite this article Sharma K, Mangat S, Kichorchandra MS, Handa A, Bindhumadhav S, Meena M. Correlation of Orthodontic Treatment by Fixed or Myofunctional Appliances and Periodontitis: A Retrospective Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(4):322-325.

Seasonal variations in wool growth and heat tolerance of sheep. I. Wool growth

1960 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Wodzicka
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Seasonal Rhythm ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Wool Growth ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference

The monthly wool growth of three groups of rams was studied at Beltsville, Maryland. Group I received natural daylight (at 38° 53' N.) and was shorn monthly. Group II had a 7:17 hours of daylight to hours of darkness rhythm and was shorn every 6 months, once in winter and once in summer. Group III received natural daylight and was likewise shorn every 6 months. The rams of all groups produced more wool in summer than in winter. This difference was significant (P<0.001). The mean body weight and food intake were both greater in the winter months, which indicated that the seasonal rhythm of wool growth was not a consequence of poorer feeding in winter. The rams which were shorn monthly (group I) grew considerably more wool than the other two groups, but the difference was not statistically significant. The short-day treatment of group II did not increase the annual wool production nor decrease the seasonal rhythm of wool growth. The balance of evidence from this and other experiments indicates that temperature rather than light controls the seasonal rhythm of wool growth.

Comparison of a PGA Sheet with a Commercial ePTFE Sheet as a Staple-Line Reinforcement in Lung Surgery

2007 ◽  
Vol 342-343 ◽  
pp. 849-852
Author(s):  
Keon Hyeon Jo ◽  
Seok Whan Moon ◽  
Young Du Kim ◽  
Young Jo Sa ◽  
Si Young Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Polyglycolic Acid ◽  
Lung Surgery ◽  
Resection Margins ◽  
Air Leakage ◽  
Staple Line Reinforcement ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Similar Threshold ◽  
Group Ii

To prevent prolonged air leakage after lung surgery, we developed a biodegradable polyglycolic acid (PGA) sheet and compared it with an expanded polytetrafluoethylene (ePTFE). Eighteen adult mongrel dogs were used in this experiment. The airway pressures at which air first leaked at the stapled resection margins were measured immediately after surgery in group I (N=5), 2 days after surgery in group II (N=5), and 7 days after surgery in group IIII (N=5), Based on the presence of SLR, there were 3 subgroups in each group: there was no SLR in subgroup a; ePTFE in subgroup b; PGA sheet in subgroup c. The histologic examination was performed 2 months after surgery (N=3). In group I, there was a significant difference in air leakage pressures (mm Hg) between no reinforcement and SLR. We observed the same results in group II and III with statistical significance. However, there was no significant difference between the reinforcement groups. The histologic findings demonstrated more severe adhesions and biodegradation in the dogs in which the PGA sheet was used. Our PGA sheet was considered a useful reinforcement material, because it had a similar threshold for air leakage with the ePTFE with excellent biodegradation.

scholarly journals Aminoglycoside trough levels in neonates

2010 ◽  
Vol 138 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 50-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biljana Pejovic ◽  
Milica Rankovic-Janevski ◽  
Niveska Bozinovic-Prekajski
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Trough Level ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Target Range ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Trough Levels

Introduction. Drug safety depends on trough levels. Objective. Objective of the study was to measure gentamicin and amikacin trough levels in neonates and to identify risk groups by gestational and postnatal age. Methods. Gentamicin and amikacin were applied according to the clinical practice guidelines. Trough levels (mg/l) were deter- mined using fluorescence polarization immunoassay methodology. Target trough levels were <2 mg/l for gentamicin, and <10 mg/l for amikacin. Patients were divided in 3 groups by gestational age: I ?32, II 33-36, and III ?37 gestational weeks and, by postnatal age, in 2 groups: ?7 and >7 days. Results. Out of 163 neonates, 111 were receiving gentamicin and 52 amikacin. Mean amikacin trough level was 7.8?4.8 mg/l and, in group I 10.5?4.9 mg/l, which was above the target range and significantly higher than in group II (LSD, p<0.05). In the amikacin group, 26 patients were 7 and less, and 26 more than 7 days old, without significant differences in trough levels between the groups. In the gentamicin group, 52.3% of neonates had trough values within the target range. Gentamicin trough level in group I was above the trough range, 3.7?1.8, 2.3?1.5 in group II and, 1.8?1.4 mg/l in group III. The difference in trough levels among the groups was highly significant (F=9.015, p<0.001, ?2=17. 576, p<0.001). Further analysis revealed that differences between groups I and II (LSD, p=0.002) and between I and III (LSD, p=0.000) were highly significant. Conclusion. Obtained gentamicin and amikacin trough levels are high. Inverse correlation has been confirmed between trough level and gestational age, with highly significant difference, and the risk group has been identified. There is obviously a need to change the dosing regimen in terms of those with extended intervals, particularly for neonates of the lowest gestational age, along with pharmacokinetic measurements.

Effects of Orthokeratology Lens On Axial Length Elongation in Myopia With Anisometropia Children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziyang Chen ◽  
Kai-Ming Chen ◽  
Ying Shi ◽  
Zhao-Da Ye ◽  
Sheng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Axial Length ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Spherical Equivalent ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Group 1

Abstract AimTo investigate the effect of orthokeratology (OK) lens on axial length (AL) elongation in myopia with anisometropia children.MethodsThirty-seven unilateral myopia (group 1) and fifty-nine bilateral myopia with anisometropia children were involved in this 1-year retrospective study. And bilateral myopia with anisometropia children were divided into group 2A (diopter of the lower SER eye under − 2.00D) and group 2B(diopter of the lower SER eye is equal or greater than − 2.00D). The change in AL were observed.The datas were analysed using SPSS 21.0.Results(1) In group 1, the mean baseline AL of the H eyes and L eye were 24.70 ± 0.89 mm and 23.55 ± 0.69 mm, respectively. In group 2A, the mean baseline AL of the H eyes and L eyes were 24.61 ± 0.84 mm and 24.00 ± 0.70 mm respectively. In group 2B, the mean baseline AL of the H eyes and L eyes were 25.28 ± 0.72 mm and 24.70 ± 0.74 mm. After 1 year, the change in AL of the L eyes was faster than the H eyes in group 1 and group 2A (all P<0.001).While the AL of the H eyes and L eyes had the same increased rate in group 2B. (2) The effect of controlling AL elongation of H eyes is consistent in three groups (P = 0.559).The effect of controlling AL elongation of L eyes in group 2B was better than that in group 1 and group 2A (P < 0.001). And the difference between group 1 and group 2A has no statistical significance. (3) The AL difference in H eyes and L eyes decreased from baseline 1.16 ± 0.55mm to 0.88 ± 0.68mm after 1 year in group 1.And in group 2A, the AL difference in H eyes and L eyes decreased from baseline 0.61 ± 0.34mm to 0.48 ± 0.28mm. There was statistically significant difference (all P<0.001). In group 2B, the baseline AL difference in H eyes and L eyes has no significant difference from that after 1 year (P = 0.069).ConclusionsMonocular OK lens is effective on suppression AL growth of the myopic eyes and reduce anisometropia value in unilateral myopic children. Binocular OK lenses only reduce anisometropia with the diopter of the low eye under − 2.00D. Binocular OK lenses cannot reduce anisometropia with the diopter of the low eye equal or greater than − 2.00D. Whether OK lens can reduce refractive anisometropia value is related to the spherical equivalent refractive of low refractive eye in bilateral myopia with anisometropia children after 1-year follow-up.

NORMALAND ABNORMAL LIQUOR VOLUME AND ITS CORRELATION WITH PERINATAL OUTCOME

2021 ◽  
pp. 4-6
Author(s):  
Kumari Nisha ◽  
Renu Jha ◽  
Kumudini Jha ◽  
Debarshi Jana
Keyword(s):  
Apgar Score ◽  
Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Fetal Distress ◽  
Special Unit ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference ◽  
One Year ◽  
Four Quadrant

Aim:To assess and compare the perinatal outcome among mothers with normal and abnormal amniotic uid volume. Method: A prospective comparative study was conducted for a period of one year from January 2020 to December 2020. Group I consist of 50 patients with normal amniotic uid and group II consists of 50 patients with either oligohydramnios or polyhydramnios. Amniotic uid index (AFI) was calculated using Phalen's four quadrant technique using ultrasound. The perinatal outcome was judged by assessing the fetal distress predicted by abnormal fetal heart rate (FHR) or meconium stained liquor, one minute and 5 minute Apgar score, frequency of admission to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), baby weight of less than 10th percentile for gestation age and perinatal mortality. Results: Induction of labour, caesarean section and meconium stained liquor was found to be most common among the patients in group II (abnormal AFI) in comparison with normal AFI subjects and similarly the perinatal outcome measures like low birth weight, increased frequency of admission to NICU due to respiratory distress and a low APGAR score was more commonly found in abnormal AFI group and the difference was found to be statistically signicant. Conclusion: AFI measurement in antepartum or intrapartum period can help to identify women who need increased antepartum surveillance for pregnancy complications and such women should be managed in a special unit to combat the complications effectively.

Ventilation and thoracoabdominal asynchrony during halothane anesthesia in infants

1993 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 1591-1596 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Benameur ◽  
M. D. Goldman ◽  
C. Ecoffey ◽  
C. Gaultier
Keyword(s):  
Tidal Volume ◽  
Minute Ventilation ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Halothane Anesthesia ◽  
Minimal Alveolar Concentration ◽  
Group I ◽  
Wall Compliance ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Thoracoabdominal Asynchrony

To evaluate the ventilatory consequences of high chest wall compliance during anesthesia in infants, we assessed the effects of halothane at different fractions of minimal alveolar concentration (0.75, 1.0, and 1.5 MAC) on ventilation and movements of the rib cage and abdomen in infants < or = 12 mo of age (group I) and children (group II) > or = 12 mo of age. Minute ventilation decreased in group I, (20.6%, 0.75 to 1.5 MAC), but the change in group II did not reach the level of statistical significance. Tidal volume decreased with halothane level between 0.75 and 1.5 MAC, and its fall was greater in group I (32.7 +/- 11.2 vs. 22.6 +/- 9.3% in group II, P < 0.05). Duty cycle, or ratio of inspiratory to total time (TI/TT), increased in group II with halothane level but did not change in group I, resulting in a decreased TI in group I at higher halothane levels. Thoracic paradox increased with halothane level in group I but not group II. The increase in thoracic paradox in association with the fall in tidal volume between 0.75 and 1.5 MAC was greater in group I than group II (P < 0.05). We conclude that smaller infants depend more on inspiratory intercostal muscle activity to stabilize the thorax, leading to a greater degree of depression of ventilation during halothane depression of inspiratory intercostal activity.

Effects of Electroacupuncture on Intraoperative and Postoperative Analgesic Requirement

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 56-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chin-Keng Sim ◽  
Pei-Chang Xu ◽  
Hwee-Leng Pua ◽  
Guojing Zhang ◽  
Tat-Leang Lee
Keyword(s):  
Early Postoperative Period ◽  
Morphine Consumption ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Analgesic Requirement ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Sparing Effect ◽  
Postoperative Morphine

Acupuncture has been shown to be effective in experimental and clinical acute pain settings. This study aims to evaluate the effect of preoperative electroacupuncture (EA) on intraoperative and postoperative analgesic (alfentanil and morphine) requirement in patients scheduled for gynaecologic lower abdominal surgery. Ninety patients were randomly assigned to one of three groups: Group I (control group) –received placebo EA for 45 minutes before induction of general anaesthesia (GA); Group II –preoperative EA instituted 45 minutes before induction of GA; Group III – 45 minutes of postoperative EA. The Bispectral Index monitor was used intraoperatively to monitor the hypnotic effect of anaesthetic drugs, and alfentanil was titrated to maintain the blood pressure and pulse rate within ±15% of basal values. Postoperative pain was managed by intravenous morphine via a patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) device. Patients in Group II (0.44 ± 0.15μg/kg/min) received less alfentanil than those in Group III (0.58 ± 0.22μg/kg/min) (p=0.024), but not significantly less than those in Group I (0.51 ± 0.21μg/kg/min) (p=0.472). Postoperative morphine consumption was numerically lower in Group II compared with the other groups; however, the difference was statistically significant only during the period of 6–12 hours between Group II [0.03 (0.05) mg/kg] and Group I [0.10 (0.11) mg/kg] (p=0.015), and Group II and Group III [0.08 (0.10) mg/kg] (p=0.010). The 24-hour cumulative morphine consumption for Group II (0.52 ± 0.19mg/kg) was less than that for either Group I (0.68 ± 0.38mg/kg) or Group III (0.58 ± 0.27mg/kg), but the difference did not reach significance. In conclusion, preoperative EA leads to a reduced intraoperative alfentanil consumption, though this effect may not be specific, and has a morphine sparing effect during the early postoperative period.

Changes in Teat Morphology (Doka Phenomenon) and Estrus Prediction in Riverine Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
S K Joshi ◽  
T K Mohanty ◽  
A Kumaresan ◽  
M Bhakat ◽  
S Sathapathy
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis ◽  
North India ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Murrah Buffaloes ◽  
Group I ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

The objective of the study was to characterize the term Doka and to capture morphological changes in teat to find out the relationship between Doka and onset of estrus in Murrah buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis). The Murrah buffaloes maintained at of Livestock Research Centre (LRC), ICAR-NDRI, Karnal were classified into two groups based on the lactation number for the study of Doka characteristics. In group I, twenty animals up to 3rd lactation were incorporated, whereas thirty animals from 4th to 5th lactation were included in group II. The period when buffaloes showed teat engorgement was called as Doka period, is the local term used by the farmers in North India that can be taken as a visual sign for prediction of estrus. The length and diameter of teats, before and after milking were measured, for both the groups during morning and evening milking and subsequently analyzed. The present study confirmed that the teat diameter (mm) before milking during Doka was significantly (plessthan0.05) higher as compared to pre Doka period in both the groups (group-I - 37.01 ±2.13 vs 28.42 ±1.64, group-II - 53.49 ±2.82 vs 41.096±2.16). The teat diameter (mm) during Doka period after milking was significantly (plessthan0.05) more in both the groups (group-I - 26.65 ±1.26 vs 24.44 ±1.16, group-II - 39.27 ±2.41 vs 35.31 ±2.17) as compared to pre Doka period. So, it can be concluded that the changes in teat diameter can safely be considered as a sign of Doka and the forthcoming heat in Murrah buffaloes. However, the difference in teat length between different stages of Doka was found to be non significant.

Effectiveness of treatment of tonsillopharyngitis: comparative study

2002 ◽  
Vol 116 (11) ◽  
pp. 917-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khader J. Abdul-Baqi ◽  
Farouk M. N. Shakhatreh
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Sensitivity Test ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Culture And Sensitivity ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Selection Of

This study was performed to find out the effectiveness of three different treatments of patients having acute tonsillopharyngitis. Three groups of patients were selected (50 patients in each group). Group I received one antibiotic according to the result of culture and sensitivity test, while groups II and III received two antibiotics or one antibiotic respectively without a culture and sensitivity test. Diagnosis was based on the acutely subjective symptoms of sore throat and positive clinical examination findings. The effectiveness of treatment in group I (96 per cent) was statistically significant (p<0.05) and higher than group II (82 per cent) and group III (74 per cent), while the difference between group II and III was not statistically significant (p>0.05).Our findings demonstrate that a culture and sensitivity test of the throat swab is necessary before treating acute tonsillopharyngitis. It was suggested that there should be appropriate selection of antibiotics to preserve normal flora, avoidance antibiotics for viral infections, patient compliance with prescription and educational programmes directed at patients and physicians. All of these measures would assist in reducing the volume of antibiotic use, bacterial resistance and the overall cost of treatment of tonsillopharyngitis.

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