scholarly journals The COVID-19 multiplier effects of tourism on the Greek economy

2020 ◽  
pp. 135481662094654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore Mariolis ◽  
Nikolaos Rodousakis ◽  
George Soklis
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
International Travel ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Total Employment ◽  
Greek Economy ◽  
Multiplier Effects ◽  
Balance Deficit

Using a multisectoral model and data from the Supply and Use Tables, this article estimates the COVID-19 multiplier effects of tourism on gross domestic product (GDP), total employment, and trade balance of the Greek economy. The results indicate that a—not-unexpected—decrease of international travel receipts in the range of 3.5 to 10.5 billion euros would lead to a decrease in GDP of about 2.0% to 6.0%, a decrease in the levels of employment of about 2.1% to 6.4% and an increase in the trade balance deficit of about 2.4 to 7.1 billion euros, respectively.

scholarly journals Twin Deficit Phenomena in the Two Government Eras in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-48
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ghafur Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Budget Deficit ◽  
Current Account Deficit ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Auto Regressive ◽  
The Interest Rate ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Balance Deficit

The aim of this study is to analyze the development of the budget deficit and current account deficit in Indonesia in the era of President SBY and President Jokowi and to compare between the two eras. This study also analyzes the relationship of twin deficits to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and the interest rate (r). The analytical tool used was independent t-test (for comparison) and Vector Auto-Regressive (VAR). The data used comes from the International Monetary Fund (IMF), 2004:Q1-2018: Q3. The result showed that the budget deficit was the same in the two eras of government, but the trade balance deficit in the era of President Jokowi was far higher than before. The budget deficit has a significant effect on the trade balance deficit but does not apply otherwise (no causality). Variable gross domestic product and interest rates significantly influence both types of deficits.

scholarly journals Structural Changes in Agriculture: Implications for the Economy of the Republic of Serbia

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Jelena Stanojević ◽  
Bojan Krstić
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Total Employment ◽  
Research Goal ◽  
The Republic

Agriculture of the Republic of Serbia plays an important role in the national economy, making it significantly different from agriculture of developed countries. Its contribution to the national economy is reflected in a still significant share in the gross domestic product, total employment, and trade balance. Despite the insufficient utilization level of available natural resources, agriculture in Serbia is a backbone of the economic development of rural areas. The research goal of the paper is to examine structural changes in Serbian agriculture in the following aspects: changes in the employment structure, plant and animal production, as well as a change in the share of agriculture in the gross domestic product and trade balance of Serbia. The analysis has been carried out in the period from 2002 to 2017 based on the data of the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia. Research results show that the Serbian agriculture has suffered significant changes in the analysed areas, resulting in its decreasing share in the overall employment and gross domestic product, but also in the slight increase of its share in the value of exports and imports.

scholarly journals Some Economic Aggregates for Canadian Forest Industries

1988 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-359
Author(s):  
James Dobie
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Employee Productivity ◽  
Forest Economics ◽  
External Trade ◽  
Regional Impacts ◽  
Forest Industries ◽  
Merchandise Trade

This article presents economic aggregates for the forest industries in Canada with some discussion on Gross Domestic Product, regional impacts, external trade, employment and multipliers.The goods-producing sector in recent years has comprised 40% of the economy, with manufacturing being 50% of goods-producing or 20% of the total economy. Forest-based industries in aggregate are diminishing over time in their contribution to the economy, dropping from 5.1% of total GDP in the early 1960s to 3.5% in the early 1980s. Wood industries and paper and allied industries together constituted 14% of manufacturing GDP in 1986, down from 21% in 1961.Forest products exports, with a surplus of $13.5 billion in 1986, contribute significantly to Canada's merchandise trade balance. Employee productivity has been growing recently at 5.33% per annum. If there are no increases in volume of timber harvested, increasing productivity will result in employment reductions. Keywords: Forest Economics, Gross Domestic Product, Productivity, and Multipliers.

scholarly journals Impact of Trade Liberalization on Economic Growth of Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 136-148
Author(s):  
Ramesh Bahadur Khadka
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Total Trade ◽  
The Impact

Trade openness has been considered as an important determinant of economic growth. It has been witnessed during the past couple of decades that international trade openness has played a significant role in the growth process of both developed and developing countries. International organizations such as Word Trade Organization, International Monetary Fund and World Bank are constantly advising, especially developing countries, to speed up the process of trade liberalization to achieve high economic growth. In this context, this paper aims to analyze the impact of trade liberalization on economic growth of Nepal. For this purpose, all the data regarding gross domestic product, export, import, total trade, trade balance of Nepal from 1980 A.D. to 2013 A.D. published by World Bank (2014) were used. Both descriptive as well as inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Correlation analysis was used to find the correlation between the selected variables. Multiple linear regression analysis was carried out to analyze the impact of the trade liberalization in economic growth of Nepal. Trade cost does not explain any influence in gross domestic product, export, import, total trade and trade balance. The impact of trade openness is positive for all variables except trade balance. Trade openness has influenced economy significantly; import increased with purchasing power, export also increased but service only. Therefore, there is gap in export and imports.

scholarly journals Política Externa Brasileira nos Governos FHC, Lula e Dilma: efeitos na balança comercial e no produto interno bruto brasileiro

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-89
Author(s):  
Francisco Américo Cassano ◽  
Diogo Holanda Camelo ◽  
Felipe Panta Padilha ◽  
Mateus Marchiori Pereira ◽  
Matheus Dias Do Prado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Macroeconomic Policy ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Domestic Economy ◽  
Qualitative Technique

Este artigo trata da análise dos períodos governamentais de Fernando Henrique Cardoso, Luís Inácio Lula da Silva e Dilma Rousseff em relação à política externa brasileira adotada e os efeitos causados nos resultados da balança comercial e do produto interno bruto. A pesquisa que lhe deu suporte foi exploratória e a coleta de dados foi proveniente do Ministério do Desenvolvimento, Indústria e Comércio Exterior e do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística – IBGE. Para o tratamento dos dados foi utilizado o método qualitativo, tendo os resultados revelado que: desde a adoção da estratégia neoliberal houve pouca mudança na política macroeconômica; ações e atividades da política externa brasileira não interferem de forma significativa nos resultados da balança comercial e do produto interno bruto; resultados da balança comercial e do produto interno bruto dependem de outros fatores como economia interna, cotação do dólar e situação da economia externa.  Palavras-chave: Política externa brasileira; Produto Interno Bruto; Balança Comercial.     Abstract: This article deals about of analyze the governments periods of Fernando Henrique Cardoso, Luís Inácio Lula da Silva and Dilma Rousseff in relation with the adopted Brazilian foreign policy and the effects on trade balance and gross domestic product  . The research that gives support was exploratory and the collect dates of dependents variable, trade balance and Gross domestic product was from Ministério do Desenvolvimento, Indústria e Comércio Exterior and Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística – IBGE. For the handling of the dates was use the qualitative technique describing the studied phenomenon, having the results of: Since the adoption of neoliberal strategy had little change on macroeconomic policy; Actions and activities of Brazilian foreign policy does not intervene significantly on trade balance and gross domestic product results; Trade balance and gross domestic product results depends of others factors as domestic economy, dollar hate and foreign economy situation. Key words: Foreign policy; Gross Domestic Product; Trade Balance.     Recebido em: maio/2016Aprovado em: setembro/2016  

A study of the tourist potential of Аntalya coast in turkey

10.12737/7473 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 0-0 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ирина Куксова ◽  
Irina Kuksova ◽  
Дарья Певнева ◽  
Darya Pevneva
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Ancient History ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Key Sectors ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Historical Heritage

In many countries, tourism plays an important role in the creation of gross domestic product, the formation of additional jobs and providing local employment, activation of the foreign trade balance, has a significant impact on key sectors of the economy. The article focuses on Turkey, with its amazing tourist potential and ancient history. Turkey has a unique tourist and recreational potential, on its territory there are important natural resources, historical heritage objects. Described are the main tourist areas of Antalya - Alanya, Side, Belek, Aksu, Kemer, Beldibi, Goynuk, Kiris, Camyuva, Tekirova, each district has its own distinctive features, and some of them should be given special attention.

scholarly journals Is Chinese Competition Causing Deindustrialization in Brazil?

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 42-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhys Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Labor Movement ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Lively Debate ◽  
Trade Partner ◽  
Direct And Indirect Impacts ◽  
Indirect Impacts

There has been a lively debate in Brazil in recent years, involving sectors of business, the labor movement, and academics, over deindustrialization and the future of the manufacturing sector. This is often linked to the growing relation between Brazil and China, which is now the country’s most significant trade partner. Brazil has experienced relative deindustrialization in the sense of a declining share of the manufacturing sector in gross domestic product that is mainly attributable to the changes in the country’s trade balance in manufactures. The direct and indirect impacts of China on Brazilian manufacturing have contributed to this relative deindustrialization and the “primarization” of Brazilian exports through competition in the domestic market and in exports.Nos últimos anos, instaurou-se no Brasil um debate acirrado entre empresários, acadêmicos e sindicalistas sobre a desindutrialização e o futuro do setor manufatureiro. O fenômeno é frequentemente associado aos crescentes laços entre Brasil e China, hoje o mais importante parceiro comercial do país. O Brasil vem passando por uma relativa desindustrialização devida ao intenso declínio da participação do setor de transformação no Produto Interno Bruto. Atribui-se essa queda às mundanças provocadas pelos resultados da manufatura na balança comercial. Os impactos diretos e indiretos exercidos pela China sobre o setor secundário brasileiro têm contribuido para essa relativa desindustrialização, assim como para a primarização das exportações brasileiras por meio da competição no mercado doméstico e nas exportações.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF EXPORTS ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN BOSNIA AND HERCEGOVINA

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (32) ◽  
Author(s):  
Biljana Gojković ◽  
Milenko Krajišnik ◽  
Sonja Josipović ◽  
Sanja Popović
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Production Structure ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Multiplier Effect ◽  
The Subject

The importance of foreign trade and its impact on the economic growth have been the subject of numerous studies. There is no doubt that exports have a multiplier effect on the growth of gross domestic product, but economists are constantly interested in what the foreign trade multiplier is and why it is not higher. This paper deals with the analysis of foreign trade of Bosnia and Herzegovina, its geographical and production structure and concentration, as well as the causes of high and continuous deficits. The analysis indicates potential opportunities to improve the poor production structure of foreign trade and ways in which foreign trade, and especially exports, could increase in order to improve the foreign trade balance. The analysis is especially focused on determining the foreign trade multiplier, and the results show the great importance of exports for economic growth. It also aims to emphasise how to improve export potential of Bosnia and Herzegovina in the future.

scholarly journals Forecasting the Impact of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) on International Tourist Arrivals to Langkawi, Malaysia: A PostCOVID-19 Future

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 13372
Author(s):  
Hasrina Mustafa ◽  
Fahri Ahmed ◽  
Waffa Wahida Zainol ◽  
Azlizan Mat Enh
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
International Travel ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Impact

This research first aims to forecast tourist arrivals to Langkawi, Malaysia from its top three source markets, namely, China, Saudi Arabia, and the United Kingdom, between 2020 and 2022. Using the annual gross domestic product (GDP) growth of those three countries, the study seeks to investigate the impact of GDP on tourist arrivals from these countries to Langkawi in the context of post-COVID-19 scenarios. The study uses expert modelers, namely, ARIMA models and Holt’s linear models, to find the best fit model. Then, linear regression analysis was conducted to assess the impact of GDP on tourist arrivals in Langkawi from the said three countries. The results from the Holt linear model predicted a significant increase in the number of tourist arrivals from China and Saudi Arabia from 2020–2022. In contrast, the number of forecasted tourist arrivals from the United Kingdom would be on a decreasing trend from 2020–2022. It is also predicted that GDP growth will influence the tourist arrival trends from China and Saudi Arabia, but not for UK tourists. In other words, a speedy rate of recovery in the number of tourists from the UK to Langkawi is forecasted for once international travel restrictions are lifted, as the world eases into the post-pandemic period.

scholarly journals The Use of Remote Sensing Technique to Predict Gross Domestic Product (GDP): An Analysis of Built-Up Index and GDP in Nine Major Cities in Canada

2014 ◽  
Vol XL-7 ◽  
pp. 85-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Faisal ◽  
A. Shaker
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
National Income ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Landsat Tm ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
City Development ◽  
Total Employment

City/regional authorities are responsible to design and structure the urban morphology based on the desired land-use activities. One of the key concerns regarding urban planning is to establish certain development goals, such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP). In Canada, the gross national income mainly relies on mining and manufacturing industries. In order to facilitate new city development, this study aims to utilize remote sensing and GIS techniques to assess the relationship between the industrial area and the reported GDP in nine major cities in Canada. Free archive multi-temporal Landsat TM images and land use vector data were obtained for year 2005 and 2010 during the summer season, where the socio-economic data, such as GDP, population, and total employment are obtained from Metropolitan Housing Outlook for the same duration. The Landsat TM images were first atmospherically corrected and the built-up values were computed using the Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) from the Landsat images. The high built-up values within the industrial areas were acquired for further analysis. Finally, a correlation analysis was conducted between the GDP, Population, and Total Employment with respect to the built-up areas. Preliminary findings show that the <i>R</i><sup>2</sup> between the percentage of built-up areas and industrial area within the corresponding city is 0.82. In addition, the R2 between the built-up areas and GDP ranges from 0.73 to 0.78. Consistent findings are observed in the similar correlation between the built-up areas and population, as well as the built-up areas and the employment, where the <i>R</i><sup>2</sup> is within 0.72 to 0.73. With the correlation found, we believe that results can be used as a generic indication for the federal/municipals authorities, which are aiming or target for a specific GDP with respect to the planned industrial area.

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