scholarly journals Labour Pain, ‘Natal Politics’ and Reproductive Justice for Black Birth Givers

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Fannin
Keyword(s):  
Labour Pain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Reproductive Justice ◽  
Natural Childbirth ◽  
Maternal Subjectivity ◽  
Political Struggles ◽  
Justice Movements

The reception of Elaine Scarry’s landmark text, The Body in Pain, focuses in part on exploring how pain might be understood as beneficial or therapeutic. Childbirth is often cited as the paradigmatic instance of this kind of beneficial pain. This essay examines conceptualizations of labour pain in biomedical, natural childbirth and reproductive justice movements that explore the limits of Scarry’s description of pain as ‘unshareable’. Political struggles over pain in childbirth centre on the legibility of pain in labour. Feminist and natural childbirth activists have developed an understanding of pain at birth as central to maternal subjectivity, where pain is a biopolitical force and its management a means of self-transformation. Alongside calls for reproductive justice, the essay considers how the visibility and expressivity of labour pain could contribute to what Imogen Tyler and Lisa Baraitser term a new ‘natal politics’ that addresses concerns for the disproportionate injury and death experienced by Black birth givers.

scholarly journals The Changing of Political Orientation of Masyumi Party During 1950-1959

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Alfi Hafidh Ishaqro ◽  
Alamsyah Alamsyah ◽  
Dewi Yuliati
Keyword(s):  
Political Orientation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
General Election ◽  
Native Communities ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Political Struggles ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
First Time

Through historical method, this article studies the Shifts in Political Ideological Orientation of Masyumi Party during the Liberal Democracy Era 1950–1959. The shifted orientations of Masyumi Party included a shif of orientation in its principle, form of government and the government executive system.The establishment of Masyumi Party was the apex of the Japanese concern in trying to map the axis of the powers of various groups in Indonesia. The formations of PUTERA, which bore the nationalist inclination and MIAI, which tended to accommodate urban Muslims were not attractive enough to win the hearts and empathy from the Indonesian native communities for its occupation in Indonesia. Masyumi Party made Islam as a its struggling principle, not only as a symbol  but also tha ideology and spirits in conducting the various siyasah preaches within the scope of political struggles. Numerous internal dynamics were then occuring in the body Masymi Party. The Party’s change in its orientation began to be visible, indicated by the idea suggested by M. Natsir to formulate the Constitution or Law of General Election.The formation of the General Election Law made M. Natsir and Masyumi the symbol of the establishment and growth of democracy in the Republic of Indonesia, which became more evident when M. Natsir was ousted and the subsequent working cabinet heads failed to hold a General Election. And finally, at the end of 1955 under the leadership of Burhanuddin Harahap, who was himself a Masyumi figure, a general election was held for the first time. The political attitude shown by Masyumi indicated that Masumi Party had shifted its political orientation. Masyumi Party, which originally struggled to implement Islam by employing the Syura in forming a government was helplessly compromising its principle by following and combining itself into a democracy model the initiator of which was the leader of Masyumi Party itself. Such political behavioral changes were associated with the reasoning of the then leaders of Masyumi Party, who tended to accommodative and excessively compromising. 

Food for the body and soul: Veganism, righteous male bodies, and culinary redemption in the Kingdom of Yah

Ethnography ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 146613812091018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fran Markowitz ◽  
Nir Avieli
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Black Male ◽  
The Body ◽  
Vegan Diet ◽  
Religious Change ◽  
Social Justice Movements ◽  
Black Bodies ◽  
Body And Soul ◽  
Dramatic Shift ◽  
Justice Movements

This article grapples with the unlikely combination of veganism, righteous black bodies, and servitude as expressed in the “divine holistic culture” of the African Hebrew Israelite Community (AHIC). Based on our ethnography of how the Community re-scripts strong, virile black male bodies from rough brutes to responsible and righteous patriarchs, we show how the Hebrew Israelites’ vegan diet undergirds their Biblically based culture and fuels their salvation project. We propose the term “culinary redemption” to encapsulate the dramatic shift made by the AHIC from a theology based on salvation in the afterlife to a restorative cosmology in the here and now, and suggest that the food and foodways of other subaltern groups also provide powerful material for initiating social justice movements and religious change.

scholarly journals When the Body Speaks (to) the Political: Feminist Activism in Latin America and the Quest for Alternative Democratic Futures

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natália Maria Félix de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Modern Human ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Political ◽  
Women's Bodies ◽  
Feminist Activism ◽  
Political Function ◽  
Political Struggles ◽  
Feminist Movements

Abstract The article claims that the feminist movements emerging in the context of contemporary Latin American political struggles – such as Ni Una Menos – allow for a re-conceptualisation of the political, along with its subjects and objects. The uniqueness of these movements is predicated on the way they managed to link the ordinary killings of women’s bodies to the extraordinary alliances between different social movements. A closer inspection into these ongoing experiences that mobilise different, rhizomatic arenas of political entanglements – such as the internet and the streets – allows us to see how Latin American feminist attachments and movements can redefine democratic practices and build different forms of community. By resisting what is perceived as ‘a war against women in Latin America,’ these movements allow for understanding the operation of a gendered necropolitics, which ties women’s death with the ultimate functioning of modern politics and modern subjectivities. In doing so, they politicise not only the lives (and therefore voices) of women who are struggling in/for the political, but also the deaths (and therefore silences) on which the political has been built. Furthermore, by politicising the role of the body in the political and ethical arena, these movements open our political imaginaries to the possibilities of new attachments, filiations and articulations that are not subsumed under abstract universal categories and values, nor limited to identitarian and thus legalistic affirmations of the political. Following these arguments, I argue that contemporary feminist articulations in Latin America productively dispute the validity of the abstract, universal, modern ‘human’ to think alternative political futures. By politicising materiality and embodiment alongside language and discourse as productive of political ontologies, feminists open the space for reclaiming the political function of the female body.

Masturbatory Ecologies

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 30-59
Author(s):  
Jeremy Chow
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Environmental Justice ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Self ◽  
Ecological Crisis ◽  
Love Story ◽  
Justice Movements ◽  
The Erotic

This essay considers how environmentalism can be interwoven with discourses of sexuality and the ways in which sexuality can participate in environmental justice movements. By thinking with provocative, erotic media that highlight environmental degradation, it marries investigations of ecological crisis at the hands of deforestation and porn studies with two aims. First, it highlights the fraught relationship a pornographic video aggregator like Pornhub might share with feminist and queer epistemologies. Second, it emphasizes the ecosexual nature of environmental justice by way of Pornhub’s Give America Wood initiative (2014) and the documentary Goodbye Gauley Mountain: An Ecosexual Love Story (2014). While Goodbye Gauley Mountain and Pornhub are incommensurate in many ways, together they demonstrate how masturbatory ecologies enable a relationship with the environment that can be both active, as in the film’s offering, and passive, as with Pornhub’s, and thus constitute a “perverted” environmental justice through the experience and demonstration of sexuality. A perverted environmental justice envisions a broader framework that recognizes the potential to actively and passively participate in environmental social justice while also enfolding the environment into sexual arrangements. “Masturbatory ecologies” thus signifies a self-gratifying mode of environmentalism that harnesses the self, the body, and the erotic to foster positive environmental world building in apocalyptic times.

scholarly journals Bodies and persons: The politics of embodied encounters in asylum seeking

2020 ◽  
pp. 030913252093844
Author(s):  
Jouni Häkli ◽  
Kirsi Pauliina Kallio
Keyword(s):  
Power Relations ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Political ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Political Struggles ◽  
Original Thinking ◽  
Sense Of Power

In this paper, we propose that there is a politics of encounters centered on the body at play in seeking asylum and refuge, and that it is critical to study how it unfolds from the point of view of both governing and agency. Building on existing work that looks at the role of embodiment in the political struggles of refugees, and leaning on Helmuth Plessner’s original thinking about social embodiment, we develop a theoretical understanding of this political dynamic, illustrating how it can help us make sense of power relations and forms of governance and (latent) resistance involved in it.

scholarly journals An unusual traumatic delivery malpractice: a case report

2018 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-38
Author(s):  
Azadeh Memarian ◽  
Seyed Hossein Moosavinezhad Baboli ◽  
Nahid Dadashzadeh Asl
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Labour Pain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Medical Professionals ◽  
Mechanical Forces ◽  
Vaginal Examination ◽  
Premature Rupture Of Membranes ◽  
Premature Rupture

Head trauma may occur during delivery and can lead to a number of conditions. When an infant is injured during birth, the cause of injury is generally due to mechanical forces, such as compression, excessive or abnormal traction during delivery, and the use of forceps. A 39-year-old woman who was a primagravida (first pregnancy) with a gestational age of 26 weeks premature pregnancy was referred to a hospital in Tehran due to premature rupture of membranes (PROM) and fever. She arrived 2 h after rupture (noting that the rupture lasted for one week and then the baby was delivered). Antibiotics were given early on. After weak labour pain, vaginal examination revealed that the cervix was fully dilated and one of the feet of the foetus had come out of the cervix and was seen in the vagina. The foetus had died. The delivery staff used traction with force. Due to the age of the foetus, the head was relatively big and could not be delivered; the neck was thin and broken and the head separated from the body. The mother underwent a caesarean section to deliver the head of the foetus a week after PROM. The father of the dead newborn foetus sued the hospital and the staff responsible for the delivery. When medical professionals damage the trust between patients and their families and babies are injured children, they should be held accountable.

Idealized and Industrialized Labor: Anatomy of a Feminist Controversy

Hypatia ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Clare Jones
Keyword(s):  
Medical Intervention ◽  
The Body ◽  
Embodied Experience ◽  
New Mothers ◽  
Natural Childbirth ◽  
Feminist Analysis ◽  
Social Discourses ◽  
Childbirth Satisfaction ◽  
Obstetric Intervention ◽  
Dominant Paradigm

Prompted by the ever‐increasing cesarean rate, this paper considers the interpretive disjunct between two significant strands of feminist analysis that have arisen in the last four decades as a consequence of the phenomenon of medicalized birth. In contrast to the dominant paradigm of bioethical “Principalism,” both modes of analysis, understood as “the critique of industrialized labor” and “the critique of idealized labor,” are attentive to the way in which social discourses inform bioethical deliberation and practice, but significantly diverge in the nature of their accounts. The “industrialization critique” understands the culture of medical intervention to be impelled by an “obstetric desire” to appropriate women's reproductive potency, whereas the “idealization critique” relates new mothers’ “low childbirth satisfaction” to a pernicious normative ideal propagated by the natural childbirth movement. This paper will explore the anatomy of both critiques and interrogate their fidelity to the phenomenological insight of the body as chiasm between material and ideal. I will argue that while the insights of the idealization critique are well grounded, we must exercise caution about the critique's tendency to reductively understand the embodied experience of labor as entirely discursively produced, a gesture that risks re‐performing the dematerialization of women often effected through obstetric intervention itself.

Constructing subjectivity through labour pain: A Beauvoirian analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Cohen Shabot
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Labour Pain ◽  
Specific Form ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Self ◽  
Philosophical Perspective ◽  
Crucial Element ◽  
The Social

Traditional western conceptions of pain have commonly associated pain with the inability to communicate and with the absence of the self. Thus pain, it seems, must be avoided, since it is to blame for alienating the body from subjectivity and the self from others. Recent work on pain, however, has began to challenge these assumptions, mainly by discerning between different kinds of pain and by pointing out how some forms of pain might even constitute a crucial element in the production of subjectivity. This article deals with the specific form of pain that is labour pain. Pain in labour has been investigated in medicine and lately, copiously, within the social sciences. Analyses from a more philosophical perspective are still very much missing, however, and in developing such analyses, de Beauvoir’s ideas on subjectivity as inherently embodied, as situated, and as profoundly ambiguous when authentically lived, appear to be of significant use.

FREEDOM, JUSTICE, AND THE POWER OFADAB

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen McLarney
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Body Politic ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People ◽  
Political Relationships ◽  
Political Struggles ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
Self Rule

AbstractThis article analyzes in depth four main writings by the pioneeringnahḍaintellectual Rifaʿa Rafiʿ al-Tahtawi, who drew on classical kinds ofadabto articulate new kinds of political subjectivities. He especially draws on the image of the body politic as a body with the king at its heart. But he reconfigures this image, instead placing the public, or the people, at the heart of politics, a “vanquishing sultan” that governs through public opinion. For al-Tahtawi,adabis a kind of virtuous comportment that governs self and soul and structures political relationships. In this, he does not diverge from classical conceptions ofadabas righteous behavior organizing proper social and political relationships. But in his thought, disciplinary training inadabis crucial to the citizen-subject's capacity for self-rule, as he submits to the authority of his individual conscience, ensuring not only freedom, but also justice. These ideas have had lasting impact on Islamic thought, as they have been recycled for the political struggles of new generations.

scholarly journals Yoga for Pregnant Women-A Practical Approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 202-206
Author(s):  
Babita Roy ◽  
V. Asokan ◽  
Karishma U. Pathan ◽  
. Sonam ◽  
K. Manjula
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
Labour Pain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Great Responsibility ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Special Time ◽  
In Pregnancy

Pregnancy is a very special time in women’s life and yoga provides the opportunity and tools to optimize the enjoyment of this miraculous period. Nature has given a great responsibility i.e., pregnancy to human body. Many couples become parents without much preparation for this important responsibility. Yoga in pregnancy is multidimensional; physical, mental, emotional and intellectual preparation to answer the challenges faced by a pregnant woman [1]. Yoga requires a mindful coordination of body movement and breath with a focus on self-awareness. The challenges of pregnancy are revealed by the state of happiness and stress while yoga is a skill to calm down the mind and relax the body. Pregnancy in a woman is a condition in which woman changes both from inside as well as outside. maternal prenatal anxiety is negatively associated with prelabour self-efficacy for child-birth and labour pain.

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