Review of services to inform clinical frameworks for adolescents and young adults with severe, persistent and complex mental illness

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-528
Author(s):  
Charlotte Woody ◽  
Amanda Baxter ◽  
Eryn Wright ◽  
Kate Gossip ◽  
Elizabeth Leitch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Young People ◽  
Family Involvement ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Continuum Of Care ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teams ◽  
Service Models ◽  
Effective Community

Objective: Severe, persistent and complex mental illness (SPCMI) affects a small proportion of young people but is associated with severe disability and a large burden on families and health services. This article identifies and describes service models for adolescents and young adults with SPCMI. Methods: A systematic search was conducted for services for young people aged 12–25 years with SPCMI. The review sought service models providing extended care and/or multidisciplinary services to meet the complex and long-term needs of this population. Results: A total of 43 sources were identified. Evidence of effectiveness was found for both community- and bed-based services. Specific components suggested as important in service delivery included care provided by multidisciplinary teams, consumer and family involvement in care planning, intensive case management and service integration through the continuum of care. Conclusion: Clinical frameworks for this population must incorporate effective community care integrated with inpatient treatment of short duration. Frameworks require consumer and family-centred care with flexibility to support progression through developmental stages and tasks while addressing issues related to risk management, fluctuation in illness severity and stages of recovery. A continuum of care is necessary to meet the needs that arise from SPCMI in adolescents and young adults.

Risk of Depression in Adolescents and Young Adults with Rheumatic Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
Anna Kostiukow ◽  
Wojciech Strzelecki ◽  
Mateusz W. Romanowski ◽  
Marta Rosołek ◽  
Ewa Mojs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young People ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Control Group

Introduction: The study is aimed at drawing the attention of the medical environment to the mental health aspects of young patients as a factor that significantly influences the efficiency of their rheumatic disease treatment. Aim: This paper is to check the risk of depression among a group of adolescents and young adults with rheumatic diseases. Material and Methods: The study was conducted among a group of 68 late adolescents and young adults (18-22 years old) with rheumatic diseases. The control group consisted of 102 young people (18-22 years old) without a diagnosed chronic disease. Risk of depression was measured using a screening tool – the Kutcher Adolescent Depression Scale (KADS). Results: The analysis showed that the probability of depression in the study group was 35.3%. In the control group, this rate was 19.6%. The results were statistical significance (p=0.028). Conclusions: The results of this study prove that the risk of depression among adolescents and young adults with rheumatic diseases is significantly higher than in healthy young people. The highest risk of depression is related to feeling tired, fatigue, low energy levels and lack of motivation as well as feeling worried, nervous, panicky, tense, keyed-up and anxious.

Interventions available to adolescents and young adults bereaved by familial cancer: a systematic literature review

2019 ◽  
pp. bmjspcare-2019-001959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronica Ing ◽  
Pandora Patterson ◽  
Marianna Szabo ◽  
Kimberley R Allison
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young People ◽  
Familial Cancer ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Online Databases ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Further Development

ObjectivesTo assess the availability and efficacy of interventions open to adolescents and young adults (AYAs; 15-25 years) bereaved by a parent’s or sibling’s cancer.MethodsA systematic review of peer-reviewed literature on interventions available to AYAs bereaved by a parent’s or sibling’s cancer was conducted through searches of six online databases (PsycINFO, Medline, Scopus, Embase, SWAB and Web of Science Core Collection).ResultsDatabase and reference searches yielded 2985 articles, 40 of which were included in the review. Twenty-two interventions were identified that were available for bereaved young people. However, only three were specific to young people bereaved by familial cancer, and none were specific to AYAs. Interventions primarily provided opportunities for participants to have fun, share their experiences and/or memorialise the deceased; psychoeducation about bereavement, grief and coping was less common. Only six interventions had been satisfactorily evaluated, and no intervention targeted or analysed data for AYAs separately. Overall, some evidence suggested that interventions (especially those that were theoretically grounded) had positive effects for bereaved young people. However, benefits were inconsistently evidenced in participants’ self-reports and often only applied to subgroups of participants (eg, older youths and those with better psychological well-being at baseline).ConclusionsConsidering the very limited number of interventions specific to bereavement by familial cancer and the lack of interventions targeting AYAs specifically, it is unclear whether currently available interventions would benefit this population. The population of AYAs bereaved by familial cancer is clearly under-serviced; further development and evaluation of interventions is needed.

scholarly journals Reference Values for Aerobic Fitness in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults Who Have Cerebral Palsy and Are Ambulatory

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (8) ◽  
pp. 1148-1156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olaf Verschuren ◽  
Manon Bloemen ◽  
Cas Kruitwagen ◽  
Tim Takken
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Young People ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Level I ◽  
Shuttle Run ◽  
Gmfcs Level

BackgroundVery few objective data exist regarding aerobic performance in young people with cerebral palsy (CP). The characterization of aerobic fitness could provide baseline and outcome measures for the rehabilitation of young people with CP.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to provide reference values for aerobic fitness in a group of children, adolescents, and young adults who had CP and who were classified at Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level I or II. Data were collected with 10-m shuttle run tests.DesignThis investigation was a cross-sectional observational study conducted between August 2008 and June 2009.MethodsReference values were established using data from a total of 306 children, adolescents, and young adults who had CP, who were 6 to 20 years old, and who were recruited from 26 rehabilitation centers in the Netherlands, Switzerland, Australia, Canada, and the United States. A total of 211 participants were classified at GMFCS level I (mean age=12.2 years, SD=3.0), and 95 were classified at GMFCS level II (mean age=12.4 years, SD=3.2); 181 were male, and 125 were female. Aerobic fitness was reflected by the level achieved on the 10-m shuttle run tests.ResultsOn the basis of a total of 306 assessments from the 10-m shuttle run tests, 4 reference curves were created.LimitationsThe limitation of this study is the cross-sectional nature of the design.ConclusionsThis study provided height-related reference values for aerobic fitness in children, adolescents, and young adults who had CP, who were 6 to 20 years old, and who were classified at GMFCS level I or II. Generalized additive models for location, scale, and shape were used to construct centile curves. These curves are clinically relevant and provide a user-friendly method for the prediction of aerobic fitness in young people with CP.

Losing a parent to cancer: A preliminary investigation into the needs of adolescents and young adults

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pandora Patterson ◽  
Anita Rangganadhan
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young People ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Unmet Needs ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Psychosocial Needs ◽  
Parentally Bereaved ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Similar Experience

AbstractObjective:Research into parental loss has led to an understanding of the types of reactions and responses that children, and to a lesser extent adolescents and young adults, have when a parent dies. Only limited studies, however, have directly investigated the psychosocial needs of young people during this period. The aim of the current study was to identify and better understand the needs of adolescents and young adults who have lost a parent to cancer, and to ascertain the extent to which these needs had been met.Method:As the study is exploratory in nature, a qualitative questionnaire was used to explore the needs and unmet needs of adolescents and young adults who have had a parent die of cancer. Sixty-two parentally bereaved young people aged 12–23 participated.Results:The data were thematically analyzed and seven conceptually distinct need themes emerged, namely: support and understanding; help coping with feelings; to talk to people who have had a similar experience; information; have a break/have fun; space and time to grieve; and help with household responsibilities.Significance of results:The research findings will assist health professionals in developing services and interventions which are more responsive to the needs of parentally bereaved young people.

scholarly journals My mind is still mine: a self-portrait in a photography project for adolescents and young adults with cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Ferrari ◽  
Alice Patriccioli ◽  
Matteo Silva ◽  
Matteo Davide Bonvicini ◽  
Maura Massimino
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young People ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Person Centered Approach

AbstractThis commentary describes the unusual self-portrait contributed by a 26-year-old receiving treatment for relapsing medulloblastoma to a photography project undertaken by a group of patients as part of the Youth Project, a scheme dedicated to young cancer patients with the dual aim of optimizing medical aspects of their care and promoting a holistic approach to their needs. The article briefly describes how creative projects can play an important part in giving young people with cancer new ways to tell their stories and express their feelings. There is still a limited understanding of the specific needs of adolescents and young adults with cancer, and it is important to draw attention to them and to the need to devise a person-centered approach to cancer patients in this age group.

scholarly journals “You’re just there, alone in your room with your thoughts” A qualitative study about the impact of lockdown among young people during the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison R. McKinlay ◽  
Tom May ◽  
Joanna Dawes ◽  
Daisy Fancourt ◽  
Alexandra Burton
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Young People ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Quantitative Evidence ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

AbstractBackgroundAdolescents and young adults have been greatly affected by quarantine measures during the coronavirus-19 pandemic. Quantitative evidence suggests that many young people have struggled with their mental health throughout “lockdown”, but little is understood about the qualitative impact of social distancing restrictions on mental health, wellbeing and social life. We therefore sought to elicit the views and experiences of adolescents and young adults living in the UK during the pandemic.MethodsSemi-structured qualitative interviews were undertaken with 37 participants aged 13-24.ResultsWe identified 4 superordinate themes most commonly described by participants about their experiences during the pandemic, including: a) missing social contact during lockdown, b) disruption to education, c) changes to social relationships, and d) improved wellbeing during lockdown. Although we identified some positive experiences during the pandemic, including an increased awareness of mental health and stronger relationship ties, many said they struggled with loneliness, a decline in mental health, and anxiety about socialising after the pandemic.ConclusionsFindings suggest that some young people may have felt less stigma talking about their mental health now compared to before the COVID-19 pandemic. However, many are worried about how the pandemic has affected their education and social connections and may require additional psychological, practical and social support. Our findings highlight the important role that education providers play in providing a source of information and support to adolescents and young adults during times of uncertainty.

scholarly journals The Risk of Sexually Transmitted Infections Following First-Episode Schizophrenia Among Adolescents and Young Adults: A Cohort Study of 220 545 Subjects

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 795-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Sung Liang ◽  
Ya-Mei Bai ◽  
Ju-Wei Hsu ◽  
Kai-Lin Huang ◽  
Nai-Ying Ko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young People ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Antipsychotic Treatment ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia

Abstract Young people are disproportionately affected by sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The risk of STIs in young people following first-episode schizophrenia is unknown. This study using Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database enrolled 44 109 adolescents and young adults with first-episode schizophrenia and 176 436 age- and sex-matched controls without schizophrenia from 2001 through 2009 and followed to the end of 2011. New-onset STIs were identified. Survival analysis was performed. Cox regression analysis was used to examine the effects of comorbid substance use disorder (SUD), schizophrenia medications, and schizophrenia severity. The E value for causality of evidence was calculated. We found that young people had a higher risk of STIs following first-episode schizophrenia compared with controls without schizophrenia (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.35, 95% CI = 2.08–2.64); these STIs included human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (3.70, 2.60–5.28) and syphilis (5.35, 3.96–7.23). They also showed a disproportionate distribution of STIs, with an increased proportion of syphilis (20.4% vs 8.2%) and HIV (9.1% vs 6.0%). When presenting with SUD, the risks of HIV (11.00, 7.02–17.25) and syphilis (9.11, 6.16–13.47) were further increased. The severe schizophrenia group had an extremely high risk of syphilis (41.26, 27.69–61.47) and HIV (7.50, 3.85–14.62). Schizophrenia medications may provide beneficial effects against contracting STIs (0.77, 0.68–0.89). We concluded that following first-episode schizophrenia, young patients are at higher risk of STIs, particularly HIV and syphilis. The risk further increased when subjects presented with SUD or severe schizophrenia. Importantly, antipsychotic treatment may lower the risk of STIs.

Adolescents and young adults with cancer: The challenge

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID M. THOMAS
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young People ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
The Other ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Adolescence And Young Adulthood

Adolescence and young adulthood is a time of enormous change. For many young people, the profound shift from dependence to autonomy that is the hallmark of this period is physically, emotionally, and spiritually demanding. On the other hand, this phase of life is generally marked by an exuberant optimism that is the envy of jaded adulthood. This optimism, when coupled with intelligence, lack of respect for established forms, and iconoclastic energy, may be the source of a lifetime's achievement.

Transitional endocrinology

2021 ◽  
pp. 609-626
Author(s):  
Helena Gleeson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Young People ◽  
Growth Hormone Deficiency ◽  
Developmentally Appropriate ◽  
Young Person ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Hormone Deficiency ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Adult Care

This chapter covers endocrine concerns in the age group 10-24 years. It starts with an overview of transitional endocrinology and biopsychosocial development, aspects of developmentally appropriate healthcare, and how to perform a consultation for adolescents and young adults. It covers common clinical endocrine presentations of young people during adolescence, and how to approach a young person with an endocrine condition undergoing transition into adult care. The management of young people with hypopituitarism and growth hormone deficiency is outlined.

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