Implicit theories of body weight and engagement in healthy lifestyles among young adults: The mediating effect of self-control

2021 ◽  
pp. 135910532110651
Author(s):  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Ning Zhang ◽  
Chenyang Xu
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Implicit Theories ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Healthy Lifestyles

Engaging in a healthy lifestyle could be helpful to decrease lifestyle-related health risks and bring long-term health benefits. This research investigated how implicit theories of body weight influence people’s engagement in healthy lifestyle among young adults in China. The results suggested that implicit theories of body weight significantly influence people’s engagement in heathy eating behaviors and physical activity. Self-control mediated the effect of implicit (incremental) theories of body weight on people’s engagement in healthy eating. Implications of the current research for understanding how to promote engagement in healthy lifestyle and directions for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Maintaining healthy eating behaviour: experiences and perceptions of young adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Allom ◽  
Barbara Mullan
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Implicit Theories ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Content Type

Purpose – The prevalence of overweight and obesity is increasing, particularly in young adults who recently have been shown to experience more weight gain than other demographics. Research has focused on factors leading to this weight gain, implicating the abundance of unhealthy foods in the direct environment, yet limited research has examined why some individuals are able to successfully regulate their eating behaviour in this “food-rich environment”. The aim of this research was to explore the perceptions and experiences of successful healthy eaters in order to determine factors that distinguish this group from unhealthy eaters. Design/methodology/approach – Thirty-five healthy weight young adults, who considered themselves to be healthy eaters, participated in seven semi-structured focus groups. Key questions examined how these individuals regulated their eating behaviour and their perceptions regarding such self-control processes. Findings – Thematic analysis revealed that individuals who are successful at maintaining healthy eating behaviour perceive the same barriers as non-successful individuals, yet are able to employ self-control techniques to overcome these barriers. Additionally, continually exerting self-control appeared to facilitate the formation of healthy eating habits. Research limitations/implications – Future research may benefit from attempting to modify self-control ability and develop healthy habits. Originality/value – While factors leading to obesity and the cognitions of those who are overweight have been extensively examined, limited research has focused on those who are able to regulate their eating behaviour. Additionally, limited qualitative research has examined implicit theories of self-control in an eating context.

Leptin Functioning in Eating Disorders

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 523-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Palmiero Monteleone ◽  
Antonio DiLieto ◽  
Eloisa Castaldo ◽  
Mario Maj
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Immune Functions ◽  
Abnormal Eating ◽  
The Brain

AbstractLeptin is an adipocyte-derived hormone, which is involved predominantly in the long-term regulation of body weight and energy balance by acting as a hunger suppressant signal to the brain. Leptin is also involved in the modulation of reproduction, immune function, physical activity, and some endogenous endocrine axes. Since anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) are characterized by abnormal eating behaviors, dysregulation of endogenous endocrine axes, alterations of reproductive and immune functions, and increased physical activity, extensive research has been carried out in the last decade in order to ascertain a role of this hormone in the pathophysiology of these syndromes. In this article, we review the available data on leptin physiology in patients with eating disorders. These data support the idea that leptin is not directly involved in the etiology of AN or BN. However, malnutrition-induced alterations in its physiology may contribute to the genesis and/or the maintenance of some clinical manifestations of AN and BN and may have an impact on the prognosis of AN.

Ready, Set, Go!

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-104
Author(s):  
Jos Akkermans ◽  
Rowena Blokker ◽  
Corine Buers ◽  
Beatrice Van der Heijden ◽  
Ans De Vos
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Building Block ◽  
Career Transition ◽  
School To Work ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
School To Work Transition ◽  
Individual Agency ◽  
Work Transition

One key career transition during emerging adulthood is the school-to-work transition. As careers have become much more dynamic and complex, this particular has also become more challenging for young adults. In this chapter, the authors explain how the school-to-work transition has changed and how individual agency and structural factors can interact to lay an early foundation for sustainable career development. In line with this, the authors argue that career competencies and employability are crucial concepts for today’s school-to-work transition. Finally, they look forward to how future research might contribute to further understanding the contemporary school-to-work transition. In all, this chapter argues that an adaptive school-to-work transition is crucial as a building block for long-term sustainability of careers.

Relationships among Executive Function, Cognitive Load, and Weight-related Behaviors in University Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 691-703
Author(s):  
Carol Byrd-Bredbenner ◽  
Kaitlyn M. Eck
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Obesity Prevention Programs

Objectives: College students have high risk of anxiety and weight gain. Understanding how executive function traits, especially with trait anxiety, associates with weight-related behaviors could indicate strategies for improving obesity prevention programs. In this study, we examined links between weight-related behaviors of undergraduate students and executive function traits with and without high cognitive loads in the form of trait anxiety. Methods: Participants (N = 406) completed an online survey assessing health, weight-related behaviors, executive function traits (cognitive self-control, concentration, and flexibility), and cognitive load (trait anxiety). Results: K-means cluster analysis of executive function trait scales yielded 3 homogenous groups distinctly different from each other: Cluster 1 had the lowest cognitive self-control and flexibility and moderate concentration traits, Cluster 2 had the lowest concentration and moderate self-control and flexibility traits, and Cluster 3 had the highest executive function traits. Clusters did not differ on BMI or physical health. Cluster 3 had better mental health, physical activity, sleep quality, and eating behaviors. Across clusters, those with high cognitive loads, as indicated by trait anxiety, had poorer mental health than those with low loads. High cognitive load in Clusters 2 and 3 adversely affected eating behaviors requiring cognitive concentration and self-control. Conclusions: Future research should explore the feasibility of delivering executive control improvement activities and health education simultaneously.

scholarly journals Relationship with Grandparents and Young Adults’ Attitudes About Aging and Future-Oriented Tendencies

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 883-883
Author(s):  
Tianyuan Li ◽  
Pok Man Siu
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Consideration Of Future Consequences ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Future Consequences

Abstract It is important but always challenging to restrain from immediate temptations and behave conscientiously for long-term goals. Constructive interactions with older adults may promote young adults’ positive attitudes about aging. With a brighter later adulthood in mind, young adults may then demonstrate a higher level of future-oriented tendency in their behaviors. The current study recruited 371 college students (Mage = 22.43, SDage = 2.88; 203 females) from Hong Kong. They completed an online survey about their interaction with the closest grandparent, attitudes about aging, and measures related to future-oriented tendencies (i.e., consideration of future consequences, healthy lifestyle, and impulsiveness). Parental intimacy and demographic information were assessed as potential covariates. Supporting the hypotheses, more interaction with grandparents was related to more positive attitudes about aging, β = .40, SE = .11, p < .001. More positive attitudes about aging was then related to more consideration of future consequences, β = .14, SE = .07, p = .03, healthier lifestyle, β = .16, SE = .06, p = .005, and less impulsivity, β = -.10, SE = .03, p < .001. Bootstrapping tests for the indirect effects from interaction with grandparents to the future-oriented outcomes through positive attitudes about aging were all significant as well. Although the current cross-sectional data could not confirm the causal links among the variables, the results provide some initial insight on how older adults can foster a long-term orientation in younger generations and contribute to the sustainable development of our societies through constructive intergenerational interactions.

scholarly journals The Influence of Face Loss on Impulse Buying: An Experimental Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gong Sun ◽  
Xue Han ◽  
Hanwei Wang ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Wangshuai Wang
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Impulse Buying ◽  
Impulsive Buying ◽  
Low Self Control

In this research, the effect of face loss on impulsive buying is examined under the background of Chinese culture. Using experimental studies, we examined the mediating effect of emotion and the moderating effect of self-control. The results indicate that individuals who lost their face are more likely to purchase impulsively. For individuals high in self-control, face loss has no significant impact on their impulsive consumption. While for those with low self-control, face loss will significantly enhance their impulsive buying tendency. Finally, implications, limitations, and directions for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Weight Change, Lifestyle and Mortality in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinbo Hu ◽  
Yang Hu ◽  
Ellen Hertzmark ◽  
Chen Yuan ◽  
Gang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
Cvd Mortality

Abstract Background: Whether weight change around type 2 diabetes (T2D) diagnosis is associated with long-term survival is unclear. We aimed to examine the association between weight change and mortality among participants with incident T2D and evaluate impacts of lifestyle on this association. Methods: This prospective analysis included 11,262 incident T2D patients from the Nurses’ Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-up Study. We assessed weight change bracketing T2D diagnosis in relation to mortality. We also examined potential effect modification by a healthy lifestyle consisting of high-quality diet, regular physical activity, non-smoking status and moderate alcohol consumption.Results: On average, T2D patients lost 2.3 kg during a two-year time-window spanning the T2D diagnosis, and body weight increased afterwards. Compared with patients with a stable weight, T2D patients who lost ≥10% body weight had a 26% (95% CI: 4%, 52%) increased mortality due to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Lifestyle significantly modified these associations: the hazard ratios (95% CIs) of CVD mortality comparing ≥10% weight loss with stable weight were 1.41 (0.87, 2.30) among participants with a deteriorated lifestyle, 1.46 (1.15, 1.86) for a stable lifestyle, and 0.82 (0.53, 1.27) for an improved lifestyle (Pinteraction <0.001). Major weight loss was also associated with an increased all-cause mortality, and similar effect modifications by lifestyle were observed.Conclusions: Significant weight loss upon T2D incidence was associated with an increased CVD mortality, although improved lifestyle quality abolished these associations. These results highlight the role of adopting a healthy lifestyle for newly diagnosed T2D patients in improving long-term survival.

scholarly journals Preliminary Evidence for Virtue as a Cue to Long-Term Mate Value

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitch Brown ◽  
Bina Westrich ◽  
Francesca Bates ◽  
Alec Twibell ◽  
Robert E. McGrath
Keyword(s):  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Adaptive Function ◽  
Current Program ◽  
Evolutionary Context ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Low Self Control ◽  
Via Classification

Selecting a long-term romantic partner is largely contingent upon identifying behavioral repertoires indicating an ability to foster individual and communal flourishing through benevolence and relational fidelity. Within this suite of socially desirable traits are virtues that could be critical in selecting long-term mates. The current program of research presents two studies investigating the extent people select mates embodying virtue. Study 1 tasked participants with indicating the desirability of prospective mates espousing high and low levels of three forms of virtue outlined through the VIA Classification: caring, self-control, and inquisitiveness. High levels of virtue were especially desirable for long-term mating, with the preference for self-control being largest. Study 2 considered dispositional preferences for long-term mating, as indexed through restricted sociosexuality, with sociosexually restricted individuals reporting aversion to prospective mates exhibiting low self-control. We frame results through an evolutionary context and recommend future research to understand the adaptive function of virtue.

scholarly journals Parenting and Healthy Teenage Lifestyles

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (15) ◽  
pp. 5428
Author(s):  
Paloma Alonso-Stuyck
Keyword(s):  
Parenting Style ◽  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Adolescent Adjustment ◽  
Healthy Lifestyles ◽  
The Family ◽  
Behavioral Autonomy

How can one promote adolescent adjustment toward a healthy lifestyle? The first step is to locate the healthy habit configuration within the family environment. The hypothesis is that, if adolescent lifestyles are assumed autonomously during adolescence, then it is very likely that they will last throughout life. How does this relate to parenting styles? After reviewing the literature of the last four decades on adolescent behavioral autonomy and scientific articles that link healthy lifestyles with parenting, several conclusions have been reached, such as the relevance of recovering the biopsychosocial richness of healthy lifestyles, the need to use a dialogue strategy to resolve discrepancies between adolescents and their parents, and the adequacy of the personalistic parenting style to promote adjusted adolescent behavioral autonomy, and with it maintain healthy lifestyles in the long term.

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