Are there gender differences in wellbeing related to work status among persons with severe impairments?

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 772-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ieva Reine ◽  
Edward Palmer ◽  
Karin Sonnander
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Work Participation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Work Status ◽  
Swedish Population ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Regular Work

Aim: The aim of this study was to analyse gender differences in wellbeing, as related to work status, among working-age people with severe impairments. Methods: This study is based on register and survey data for a sample of 7298 persons, drawn from the entire Swedish population of 15,515 working-age people 16–64 years old who, at the end of 2010, received Sweden’s unique personal assistance allowance, an allowance paid from the Swedish Social Insurance Agency (SSIA) to persons with severe impairments, enabling them to pay for assistants to support them in the functions of daily life. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the strength of relations between six measures of wellbeing, work status (not working, irregular work and regular work) and gender, together with key confounders. Results: Of the persons surveyed, 21% responded that they had regular work. Gender differences were found for all confounders, except for age. They were mostly in favour of men, which could reflect the general pattern in the labour market at large. Our results indicated there are substantial differences between non-working, irregularly working and working persons for several wellbeing aspects. Conclusions: This study analyses the contributions to wellbeing of work participation among working-age people with severe impairments, with a focus on gender differences. The analysis shows that work is an important determinant of the six measures of wellbeing examined, where the relationship between work participation and wellbeing is especially strong for peoples’ perceived standard of living. This major finding holds for both genders; however, the data show gender imbalance, in that compared with women, there was a larger percentage of men with severe impairments who have regular work. Future research should focus on finer distinctions between the types of work and the value added of personal assistants in the work context. Measures of general health not available for this study are needed to filter out a clearer picture of the interaction of work and well-being. Despite drawbacks, this study is nevertheless path-breaking in its focus on the value of work participation for the well-being of persons with severe impairments. For this reason, it provides a valuable extension of our knowledge and a clear point of departure for future studies.

scholarly journals Do Gender Differences Affect the Psychological Well-being of High Schoolers in Thailand?

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 207-222
Author(s):  
Walailak Pumpuang ◽  
◽  
Nopporn Vongsirimas ◽  
Piyanee Klainin-Yobas ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
School Students ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Well Being

This cross-sectional descriptive study aimed to examine factors affecting the psychological well-being of female and male Thai students, and to compare gender differences in a psychological well-being promotion model. Participants were 624 students from three secondary schools in Bangkok and Nakhon Pathom provinces, Thailand. Data were collected in 2018 through self-administered questionnaires, and analyzed using descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling. Findings indicated that all factors from the psychological well-being promotion model influenced psychological well-being among female and male students. Resilience and mindfulness were the strongest predictors affecting psychological well-being in both female and male students. Furthermore, there were not any gender differences concerning predictors and statistical parameters of psychological well-being among Thai secondary school students. Nurse educators or healthcare providers may offer interventions to enhance students’ well-being by strengthening resilience, mindfulness, self-efficacy, and social support. The same interventions, considering their preferences, may be provided to both male and female students. Future research should evaluate the effectiveness of the interventions using rigorous research methodology.

scholarly journals Gender differences in fresh vegetable intake from 1979 to 2017 in Finland

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antti Kähäri
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fresh Vegetable ◽  
Health Differences

PurposePrevious research has shown that in contemporary societies, women have a healthier dietary intake than men. However, no research has examined how this gender gap develops over the long term. The present study examined how gender differences in fresh vegetable intake frequency have evolved from 1979 to 2017 in Finland and whether differences are affected by age or educational level.Design/methodology/approachThe data were derived from annually repeated, nationally representative “Health Behaviour and Health among the Finnish Adult Population” and “Regional Health and Well-being (RHW)” surveys on the health habits of the Finnish population. The dataset is a time series of repeated cross-sectional surveys. In total, the data sample comprised 161,996 Finns aged 20–64 years. Descriptive methods and logistic regression were used for the analysis.FindingsDuring 1979–2017, the prevalence of daily vegetable intake increased from 12 to 35% among men and from 18 to 56% among women. Thus, the magnitude of the gap between genders doubled across the study period. The increased vegetable intake was partly explained by the changing education and age structures of society. Potential explanations and avenues for future research are also discussed. Policy implications depend on whether the findings are interpreted as a case of health differences or health inequality.Originality/valueThis study used a long time series to analyse how gender differences in vegetable intake have evolved in a Nordic welfare state context. It showed that the gap in fresh vegetable intake between men and women has widened.

Cyber Support Venues for Cancer

2012 ◽  
pp. 689-698
Author(s):  
Thomas O. Blank ◽  
Steven D. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Support Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
Gender Based

In recent years, many cancer patients and families have turned to the Internet for information and support. Cyber support venues to serve those needs vary from small newsgroups to discussion areas as part of comprehensive eHealth support systems. Two decades of research studies, mostly on breast and/or prostate cancer venues, indicate a range of users, including both patients and family members, and reveal both advantages and disadvantages compared to face-to-face support groups. Researchers have shown consistent differences about how breast and prostate sites are used, apparently due to both gender-based approaches to communication and support and different issues related to the different cancer types. Limited research indicates mostly positive psychological well-being impacts of participating on these venues. Future research is needed to further explore gender differences and examine how newer cyber venues, such as blogs, Facebook, and Twitter, become utilized by those facing cancer.

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Precarious Work Settings

2010 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisa C. Young
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Work Status ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Precarious Employment ◽  
Work Settings ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Time Work

This study uses human capital and gender stratification theory to answer three research questions concerning the gendered patterns of precarious employment, the effects of human capital investments and family obligations on precarious employment, and the extent that these investments and obligations affect precarious employment differently for men and women. Lucrative jobs that offer benefits, union protection, with full-time work status were considered indicators of high quality and therefore non-precarious employment. Using data from U.S. respondents, findings suggest: a) a “gender” to precarious employment in that women are more likely to work in low quality job settings; b) gender discrepancies in benefits and union protection are explained by differences in men’s and women’s human capital, family investments, and other work-related situations; and, c) gender differences in wages and part-time work status result from workplace discrimination towards women. The implications of these findings are discussed along with recommendations for future research.

scholarly journals Psychopathological Symptoms and Psychological Well-being in Mexican Undergraduates

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariel Contreras ◽  
Ana Mariela de León ◽  
Estela Martínez ◽  
Elsa Melissa Peña ◽  
Luana Marques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Statistical Analyses ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Psychopathological Symptoms ◽  
College Life ◽  
The Social ◽  
Two Measures

College life involves a process of adaptation to changes that have an impact on the psycho-emotional development of students. Successful adaptation to this stage involves the balance between managing personal resources and potential stressors that generate distress. This epidemiological descriptive and transversal study estimates the prevalence of psychopathological symptomatology and psychological well-being among 516 college students, 378 (73.26%) women and 138 (26.74%) men, ages between 17 and 24, from the city of Monterrey in Mexico. It describes the relationship between psychopathological symptomatology and psychological well-being, and explores gender differences. For data collection, two measures were used: The Symptom Checklist Revised and the Scale of Psychological Well-being. Statistical analyses used were t test for independent samples, Pearson’s r and regression analysis with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS v21.0). Statistical analyses showed that the prevalence of psychopathological symptoms was 10-13%, being Aggression the highest. The dimension of psychological well-being with the lowest scores was Environmental Mastery. Participants with a higher level of psychological well-being had a lower level of psychopathological symptoms, which shows the importance of early identification and prevention. Gender differences were found on some subscales of the psychopathological symptomatology and of the psychological well-being measures. This study provides a basis for future research and development of resources to promote the psychological well-being and quality of life of university students.

scholarly journals Sensory-processing Sensitivity and Pathways to Depression and Aggression: The Mediating Role of Trait Emotional Intelligence and Decision-making Style. A Pilot Study.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikola Drndarevic ◽  
Sonja Protic ◽  
Jose M Mestre
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Sensory Processing ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Trait Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Sensory Processing Sensitivity

While the link between Sensory-processing sensitivity (SPS) and internalizing symptoms has been well-established, a link to externalizing problems is still to be explored. This study aimed to further examine the relation between SPS and behavioral problems by testing the potential mediating roles of trait emotional intelligence (TEI) and decision-making styles. Pathway analyses were conducted on data from 268 community sample participants (Mage= 25.81, SD=2.41, 61.2% females). Results indicated gender differences in the pathway level outcomes of SPS, as well as potential partial mediators in men and women. SPS both directly and via the mediating effects of well-being factor (TEI) and avoidant decision-making influenced depression, regardless of gender. Direct effects on aggression were, however, obtained only in the male sample. Indirect effects of SPS on aggression were found in spontaneous decision-making for men, and in self-control and sociability factors of TEI for women. Directions for future research were discussed. sensory-processing sensitivity, depression, aggression, emotional intelligence, decision-making style, gender differences

Prosocial Behavior in Retirement

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrike Fasbender ◽  
Mo Wang ◽  
Yujie Zhan
Keyword(s):  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Family Context ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Retirement Age ◽  
Comprehensive Model ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
The Family ◽  
Working Age

With the increase of the proportion of the population reaching retirement age in relation to that of working age, extensive research has been conducted to understand the retirement process and to promote older adults’ well-being in retirement. In this chapter, we aim to link the theoretical concepts of retirement to the research literature on prosocial behavior. First, we provide an overview of the current conceptualizations of prosocial behavior and retirement. Second, we introduce three main areas of prosocial behavior engagement in retirement (i.e., prosocial behavior in postretirement employment, in the family context, and in the community). Third, we present a comprehensive model of the antecedents and outcomes of prosocial behavior in retirement, covering factors at the micro, meso, and macro levels. Finally, we offer suggestions to advance future research investigating prosocial behavior in retirement.

The role of production and non-production factors in the formation of male mortality (on the example of two Arctic single-industry towns)

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 738-741
Author(s):  
Maria S. Bryleva
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Male Mortality ◽  
Occupational Factors ◽  
Copper Nickel ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Single Industry ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Quality Of Medical Care

Introduction. One of the priority socio-economic and medical-demographic problems in Russia is the high mortality. The study aim is to identify the most significant factors that determine the mortality on the example of two single-industry towns. Materials and methods. Mortality in two single-industry towns specializing in copper-nickel production, differenced in climate, environmental, and socio-economic indicators, was studied using age-standardized indicators averaged over 8 years (2010-2017). Results. In Monchegorsk, compared to Russia, with similar non-production characteristics, working-age mortality from cardiovascular diseases (CVD) was higher by 49.0%, from malignant neoplasms (MN) by 34.7%, from diseases of the digestive system by 35.5%, which confirms the negative impact of occupational factors on the mortality of the population of a single-industry city. In Norilsk city, with the worst characteristics of the environment and climate, compared to Monchegorsk, mortality from CVD was lower in working age by 40.6%, in post-working age by 41.4%; from MN - in working age lower by 37.2% that shows the compensating influence of socio-economic factors on mortality. Conclusion. Risk factors for increased mortality rates in single-industry towns with copper-nickel enterprises are the influence of harmful occupational factors, as well as environmental pollution. Along with primary prevention, an effective mechanism for reducing mortality is to improve socio-economic well-being, and the quality of medical care.

Temple Food As a Sustainable Tourism Attraction: Ecogastronomic Buddhist Heritage and Regional Development in South Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 209-222
Author(s):  
Anne H.J. Lee ◽  
Geoffrey Wall
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Sustainable Tourism ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Rich Description ◽  
Food Programs ◽  
Ongoing Development ◽  
Narrative Interpretation

This research explores Buddhist heritage-based tourism in South Korea. It examines temple food experiences provided in tandem with templestay programs that emphasize the Buddhist cooking tradition and share aspects of traditional Buddhist culture with visitors. Based primarily on participant observation, this ecologically friendly form of tourism is described and the ongoing development of temple food programs is documented. A "person-centric" perception is adopted from two perspectives: an emphasis on the holistic well-being of individual visitors, and the importance of a specific person in the provision of tourism experiences. Rich description and narrative interpretation are used to explain the phenomenon and provide a foundation on which future research can be grounded.

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