Relationship between volition, physical activity and weight loss maintenance: Study rationale, design, methods and baseline characteristics

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sune Dandanell ◽  
Anne-Marie Elbe ◽  
Gertrud Pfister ◽  
Peter Elsborg ◽  
Jørn W Helge
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Weight Loss Maintenance ◽  
Activity Level

Aims: To investigate the relationship between volition, physical activity and weight loss maintenance. Methods: We recruited 84 sedentary (maximal oxygen uptake: 25 ± 5 ml/min), overweight and obese (Body mass index (BMI) 38 ± 7 m/h2, fat 44 ± 7 %) women ( n = 55) and men ( n = 29) for an interdisciplinary prospective study with follow-up. The change in lifestyle and weight loss is promoted via a 3-month intensive lifestyle intervention at a private health school. The intervention consists of supervised training (1–3 hours/day), a healthy hypo-caloric diet (−500 to −700 kCal/day) and education in healthy lifestyle in classes/groups. The participants’ body weight and composition (Dual Energy X-ray absorptiometry), volitional skills (questionnaire), physical activity level (heart rate accelerometer/questionnaire) and maximal oxygen uptake (indirect calorimetry) are to be monitored before, after, and 3 and 12 months after the intervention. Results: At the 12-month follow-up, three different groups will be established: Clinical weight loss maintenance (> 10% weight loss from baseline), moderate weight loss maintenance (1–10% weight loss) and no weight loss (or weight regain). A linear mixed model analysis will be used to compare levels of volitional skills, physical activity and maximal oxygen uptake over time, between the three groups. Correlational analyses will be used to investigate possible associations between volition, maximal oxygen uptake, physical activity level and weight loss maintenance. Conclusions: If specific volitional skills are identified as predictors of adherence to physical activity and success in clinical weight loss maintenance, these can be trained in future intensive lifestyle interventions in order to optimize the success rate.

Influence of exercise amount and intensity on long-term weight loss maintenance and skeletal muscle mitochondrial ROS production in humans

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 958-964
Author(s):  
Steen Larsen ◽  
Sune Dandanell ◽  
Kasper Birch Kristensen ◽  
Sofie Drevsholt Jørgensen ◽  
Flemming Dela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Lifestyle Intervention ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Respiratory Capacity ◽  
Mitochondrial Respiratory

Sustaining a weight loss after a lifestyle intervention is challenging. The objective of the present study was to investigate if mitochondrial function is associated with the ability to maintain a weight loss. Sixty-eight former participants in an 11–12-week lifestyle intervention were recruited into 2 groups; weight loss maintenance (WLM; body mass index (BMI): 32 ± 1 kg/m2) and weight regain (WR; BMI: 43 ± 2 kg/m2) based on weight loss measured at a follow-up visit (WLM: 4.8 ± 0.4; WR: 7.6 ± 0.8 years after lifestyle intervention). Maximal oxygen consumption rate, physical activity level, and blood and muscle samples were obtained at the follow-up experiment. Mitochondrial respiratory capacity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were measured. Fasting blood samples were used to calculate glucose homeostasis index. WR had impaired glucose homeostasis and decreased maximal oxygen uptake and physical activity level compared with WLM. The decreased physical activity in WR was due to a lower activity level at vigorous and moderate intensities. Mitochondrial respiratory capacity and citrate synthase (CS) activity was higher in WLM, but intrinsic mitochondrial respiratory capacity (mitochondrial respiratory capacity corrected for mitochondrial content (CS activity)) was similar. ROS production was higher in WR compared with WLM, which was accompanied by a decreased content of antioxidant proteins in WR. Intrinsic mitochondrial respiratory capacity in skeletal muscle is not associated with the ability to maintain a long-term weight loss. WLM had a higher maximal oxygen uptake, physical activity level, mitochondrial respiratory capacity and CS activity compared with WR. The reduced glucose tolerance was concurrent with increased ROS production per mitochondria in WR, and could also be associated with the lower physical activity level in this group.

The impact of supervised exercise intervention on short-term postprogram leisure time physical activity level in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy: 1- and 3-month follow-up on the body & cancer project

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
JULIE MIDTGAARD ◽  
ANDERS TVETERÅS ◽  
MIKAEL RØRTH ◽  
REINHARD STELTER ◽  
LIS ADAMSEN
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Exercise Adherence ◽  
The Body ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Supervised Exercise ◽  
Cancer Project

Background:Exercise is becoming an important component of cancer rehabilitation programs. A consistent finding across studies is that patients experience improved physical fitness and reduced fatigue. However, sustained physical activity is essential if the benefits are to be preserved over the course of cancer survivorship.Objective:This study examined self-reported short-term exercise adherence following a 6-week, supervised exercise program (muscle strength, cardiovascular fitness, relaxation, body awareness, and massage) in a heterogeneous group of 61 cancer patients (mean age 42.9 years, 82% oncological and 18% haematological) from the Body & Cancer Project.Methods:Semistructured interviews were used to quantitatively assess leisure time physical activity level 1 and 3 months after completion of the program. The study furthermore included 3-month follow-up assessment of psychological distress (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale—HADS). Patient statements were selected that best illustrated trends found in the statistical material.Results:There was a significant postprogram reduction in physical activity from 6 to 10 weeks and from 6 to 18 weeks. However, the patients (half of whom were still undergoing treatment at the time of follow-up) reported a higher physical activity level postprogram compared to their baseline levels. The analyses showed a positive association between the 3-month postprogram physical activity level and pre-illness physical activity level, treatment, and postprogram changes in depression.Significance of research:Given the significant decrease in postprogram PA level, especially in subjects still undergoing cancer treatment, the study suggests that continuous supervised programs may be required in order to encourage and support exercise adherence in this population. However, randomized clinical controlled trials and more follow-up studies are needed to establish the optimal program length and content for sustained exercise adherence in cancer patients.

Maximal Oxygen Uptake and Daily Physical Activity in 7- to 12-Year-Old Boys

1993 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hazzaa M. Al-Hazzaa ◽  
Mohammed A. Sulaiman
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Daily Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
School Time ◽  
The Relationship

The present study examined the relationship between maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max) and daily physical activity in a group of 7- to 12-year-old boys. V̇O2max was assessed through the incremental treadmill test using an open circuit system. Physical activity level was obtained from heart rate telemetry outside of school time for 8 hrs during weekdays and during 40 min of physical education classes. The findings indicated that the absolute value of V̇O2max increased with age, while relative to body weight it remained almost the same across age, with a mean of 48.4 ml · kg−1 · min−1. Moreover, heart rate telemetry showed that the boys spent a limited amount of time on activities that raise the heart rate to a level above 160 bpm (an average of 1.9%). In addition, V̇O2max was found to be significantly related to the percentage of time spent at activity levels at or above a heart rate of 140 bpm, but not with activity levels at or above a heart rate of 160 bpm.

scholarly journals Aerobic Power in Prepubescent Children with Different Levels of Physical Activity (Potencia Aeróbica en Niños Prepubescentes con Diferentes Niveles de Actividad Física)

Retos ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 203-205
Author(s):  
Luis Paulo Gomes Mascarenhas ◽  
Marcos Tadeu Grzelczak ◽  
William Cordeiro de Souza ◽  
Antonio Stabelini Neto ◽  
Yamileth Chacón-Araya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Aerobic Power ◽  
Peak Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Similar Amount ◽  
Physiological Indicators ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Activity Diary

The purpose of the study was to compare the aerobic power of prepubescent children (Tanner 1 stage). Participants were 95 children between 7 and 9 years old, divided into 4 physical activity level groups: a) Trained (n = 24), b) Sport beginners (n = 23), c) Active (n = 24), and d) Sedentary (n = 24). Physical activity level was determined by a three-day physical activity diary. Subjects performed a treadmill Balk protocol to obtain their peak oxygen uptake. Comparisons were made using ANOVA two-way and post hoc Tukey followed-up the significant differences for p< 0,05. Trained, sport beginners and active children presented similar amount of physical activity level, but they significantly differ from the sedentary children (p< 0.05). Overall boys (50.67 ± 8.52 ml/kg/min) had higher relative peak oxygen uptake than girls (45.19 ± 6.44 ml/kg/min). The gender by group interaction showed that this difference is explained by the superior values of the trained boys (58.80 ± 8.98 ml/kg/min) when compared to trained girls (47.51 ± 5.68 ml/kg/min), even though they presented the same amount of physical activity level. The trained group (53.16 ± 9.34 ml/kg/min) showed higher relative peak oxygen uptake compared to sport beginners (48.90 ± 6.54 ml/kg/min), active children (45.46 ± 7.50 ml/kg/min) and sedentary children (44.63 ± 9.52 ml/kg/min). The results suggest that prepubescent children that participate in systematized trained programs have better physiological indicators for aerobic fitness.Key words. aerobic power, physical activity, children.Resumen. El propósito del estudio fue comparar la potencia aeróbica de niños prepubescentes (Estadio de Tanner 1). Participaron 95 niños y niñas con edades entre 7 y 9 años, divididos en 4 grupos basados en sus niveles de actividad física: a) Entrenados (n = 24), b) Principiantes en deportes (n = 23), c) Activos (n = 24), y d) Sedentarios (n = 24). Los niveles de actividad física se determinaron por medio de un diario de actividad física de tres días. Los participantes realizaron el protocolo de Balke en banda sin fin para obtener el consumo de oxígeno pico. Se hicieron comparaciones con ANOVA de dos vías y post hoc de Tukey cuando se encontraron diferencias significativas a un p < 0.05. Los niños prepubescentes entrenados, principiantes en deportes y activos presentaron niveles de actividad física similares, pero fueron significativamente diferentes de los niños sedentarios (p < 0.05). En general, los niños presentaron mayor consumo de oxígeno pico (50.67 ± 8.52 ml/kg/min) que las niñas (45.19 ± 6.44 ml/kg/min). La interacción de sexo por grupo mostró que esta diferencia se explica por el mayor valor de los niños entrenados (58.80 ± 8.98 ml/kg/min) cuando se les comparó con las niñas entrenadas (47.51 ± 5.68 ml/kg/min), aunque tuvieran el mismo nivel de actividad física. El grupo entrenado (53.16 ± 9.34 ml/kg/min) presentó mayores valores de consumo de oxígeno pico comparados con los principiantes (48.90 ± 6.54 ml/kg/min), niños activos (45.46 ± 7.50 ml/kg/min) y niños sedentarios (44.63 ± 9.52 ml/kg/min). Los resultados sugieren que los niños prepubescentes que participan en programas de entrenamiento sistemáticos tienen mejores indicadores fisiológicos de capacidad aeróbica.Palabras claves. potencia aeróbica, actividad física, niños

scholarly journals Higher adherence to the Mediterranean Diet is associated with weight loss maintenance: the MedWeight study

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Poulimeneas ◽  
Katerina Zoupi ◽  
Eirini Mamalaki ◽  
Eirini Bathrellou ◽  
Costas Anastasiou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Weight Loss Maintenance ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Obesity Management ◽  
Maximum Weight ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Current Weight

AbstractIntroductionAdherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern has been associated with numerous health benefits in non-communicable diseases, including obesity management. However, the associations of the Mediterranean Diet with weight loss maintenance remain to be evaluated.MethodsWe analyzed data from 500 participants (61% women) of the MedWeight study. Eligible volunteers were men and women 18–65 years old, reporting an intentional weight loss of at least 10%, starting from a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2. Based on their current weight, participants were characterized as maintainers (current weight ≤ 90% of maximum weight), or regainers (current weight > 95% of maximum weight). Socio-demographics, lifestyle measurements and weight history were recorded. Dietary intake was assessed by 2 telephone 24-hour recalls. Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet was assessed with the MedDietScore (range 0–55, greater scores showing higher adherence). Physical activity levels were assessed with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-short form. Results are expressed as means ± SD, frequencies (%) or Odds Ratio [OR; 95%Confidence Interval].ResultsCompared to regainers (31%), maintainers were younger (31.4 ± 10.0 vs. 36.6 ± 10.8 years, p < 0.001), had lower BMI (25.7 ± 4.3 vs. 31.4 ± 5.1 kg/m2, p < 0.001), and had greater initial body weight loss (25.5 ± 8.6% vs. 18.4 ± 6.9%, p < 0.001). Sex and years of formal education were not significantly different between maintainers and regainers (p > 0.05). Being in the highest MedDietScore quintile (vs. the lowest) was associated with 91% higher odds of being a maintainer [crude OR = 1.91; 1.05–3.45]. This association remained significant after adjusting for sex, age, physical activity level (METŸminutes/week) and energy intake (kcal/day) [adjusted OR = 2.01; 1.05–3.83].DiscussionHigher adherence to the Mediterranean Diet was independently associated with 2-fold increased likelihood of weight loss maintenance. Our results highlight the favorable effects of a prudent dietary pattern in long-term obesity management, as well as novel targets for diet planning during weight loss maintenance.

scholarly journals Bi-directional prospective associations between objectively measured physical activity and fundamental motor skills in children: a two-year follow-up

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ada Kristine Ofrim Nilsen ◽  
Sigmund Alfred Anderssen ◽  
Kjersti Johannessen ◽  
Katrine Nyvoll Aadland ◽  
Einar Ylvisaaker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Object Control ◽  
Fundamental Motor Skills

Abstract Background The direction of the longitudinal relationship between physical activity (PA) and fundamental motor skills (FMS) remains unclear. We evaluated the bi-directional, prospective relationships between intensity-specific physical activity (PA) and domain-specific fundamental motor skills (FMS) over 2 years in children attending preschool at baseline. Methods A sample of 230 children (mean age at baseline 4.7 yr, 52% boys) from the 'Sogn og Fjordane Preschool Physical Activity Study' was measured 2 years apart. PA was assessed using ActiGraph accelerometers (GT3X+). FMS were evaluated by a test battery guided by the 'Test of Gross Motor Development 3' and the 'Preschooler Gross Motor Quality Scale'. PA outcomes were total PA (TPA [counts per minute]) and intensity specific PA and sedentary behaviour (SED) (min/day). FMS outcomes were locomotor, object control, and balance skills. Linear mixed model adjusting for potential co-variates was used to evaluate the bi-directional prospective associations between these variables, including the moderating effect of sex and age. Results Baseline total PA, moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), and vigorous PA predicted higher locomotor, object control, and balance skills at follow-up (standardized regression coefficient (β): 0.17 to 0.26, p = 0.002–0.017). Baseline SED predicted lower locomotor skills at follow-up (β: − 0.27, p = 0.012). Baseline light PA did not predict FMS at follow-up. Baseline FMS were not associated with PA or SED at follow-up. Conclusions MVPA was positively associated with development of FMS in young children. In contrast, FMS were not related to future PA levels. Our results suggest promotion of MVPA is important for FMS development in young children.

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