Migrant residential concentrations and socio-economic disadvantage in two Australian gateway cities

2021 ◽  
pp. 144078332110442
Author(s):  
Val Colic-Peisker ◽  
Andy Peisker
Keyword(s):  
Census Data ◽  
Economic Disadvantage ◽  
Policy Debate ◽  
Data Matching ◽  
Gateway Cities ◽  
Australian Census ◽  
Economic Indexes ◽  
Australian Bureau Of Statistics ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This article explores the relationship of residential concentrations of non-Anglophone migrants with socio-economic disadvantage at the suburb (SA2) level. We look at two main Australian gateway cities, Sydney and Melbourne. We use the ‘person-counts’ of the latest available (2016) Australian Census data, matching them with the socio-economic data provided by the Australian Bureau of Statistics ‘socio-economic indexes for areas’ (SEIFA). Our analysis shows that despite decades of careful filtering of migrants for skills and language, socio-economic disadvantage in migrant concentrations persists in the main gateway cities, being more pronounced in Melbourne than in Sydney. The article employs an original quantitative analysis in order to advance the understanding of relationship between ethnicity, socio-economic position and residential location. We seek to contribute to the ongoing scholarly and policy debate about migrant concentration areas in large immigrant-receiving cities.

Regulating for Quality in the Voluntary Sector

1998 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
NORMAN JOHNSON ◽  
SANDRA JENKINSON ◽  
IAN KENDALL ◽  
YVONNE BRADSHAW ◽  
MARTIN BLACKMORE
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Consumer Choice ◽  
User Involvement ◽  
The United States ◽  
Voluntary Sector ◽  
Policy Debate ◽  
Contract Compliance ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Assurance Contracts

The implementation of the NHS and Community Care Act, the greatly increased use of voluntary sector providers and the switch from grants to contracts form the background to this study. The article brings together two main themes in current social policy debate in the personal social services: regulation and quality assurance. Contracts are seen as increasingly significant forms of input, process and output regulation, although their impact depends upon their type and specificity and upon the capacity of purchasers to monitor contract compliance, and the sanctions available to them. Clarification of the conceptual framework is followed by the report of an empirical study of the position in a single large county. The results from this study are then discussed in the context of evidence from other parts of Britain and the United States. The main issues identified in this discussion are competition, consumer choice, user involvement, the dangers of excessive and inappropriate regulation, the importance of trust and risk, and the relationship of resources to quality.

DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE AND ITS IMPACT ON ECONOMIC INDEXES OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 46-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Мухаметгалиев ◽  
Farit Mukhametgaliev ◽  
Гайнутдинов ◽  
Ilgizar Gaynutdinov ◽  
Ситдикова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Social Sector ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Rural Infrastructure ◽  
Production Development ◽  
Economic Indexes ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The article describes the features of the effect of the level of social rural infrastructure development on the level of agricultural production; cites the results of a combined study of indicators of agricultural production development and social infrastructure; reveals the relationship of agricultural production efficiency to the level of social infrastructure development; formulates the main conclusions as guidelines for the regulation of rural social sector development of the region in future.

scholarly journals Socio-Economic Status and Peritonitis in Australian Non-Indigenous Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 450-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Tang ◽  
Blair Grace ◽  
Stephen P. McDonald ◽  
Carmel M. Hawley ◽  
Sunil V. Badve ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
Economic Disadvantage ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Economic Indexes ◽  
Incident Rate ◽  
Rate Ratios ◽  
The Relationship

♦BackgroundThe aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between socio-economic status (SES) and peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related peritonitis.♦MethodsAssociations between area SES and peritonitis risk and outcomes were examined in all non-indigenous patients who received PD in Australia between 1 October 2003 and 31 December 2010 (peritonitis outcomes). SES was assessed by deciles of postcode-based Australian Socio-Economic Indexes for Areas (SEIFA), including Index of Relative Socio-economic Disadvantage (IRSD), Index of Relative Socio-economic Advantage and Disadvantage (IRSAD), Index of Economic Resources (IER) and Index of Education and Occupation (IEO).♦Results7,417 patients were included in the present study. Mixed-effects Poisson regression demonstrated that incident rate ratios for peritonitis were generally lower in the higher SEIFA-based deciles compared with the reference (decile 1), although the reductions were only statistically significant in some deciles (IRSAD deciles 2 and 4 – 9; IRSD deciles 4 – 6; IER deciles 4 and 6; IEO deciles 3 and 6). Mixed-effects logistic regression showed that lower probabilities of hospitalization were predicted by relatively higher SES, and lower probabilities of peritonitis-associated death were predicted by less SES disadvantage status and greater access to economic resources. No association was observed between SES and the risks of peritonitis cure, catheter removal and permanent hemodialysis (HD) transfer.♦ConclusionsIn Australia, where there is universal free healthcare, higher SES was associated with lower risks of peritonitis-associated hospitalization and death, and a lower risk of peritonitis in some categories.

scholarly journals Quantifying inequalities in mortality in Australia: the value of linked Census-morality data

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemary Korda ◽  
Nicholas Biddle ◽  
James Eynstone-Hinkins ◽  
Emily Banks ◽  
John Lynch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Census Data ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Disadvantaged Communities ◽  
Socioeconomic Groups ◽  
Education Data ◽  
Australian Census ◽  
Australian Bureau Of Statistics ◽  
Inequalities In Mortality

IntroductionMortality rates are higher in disadvantaged communities. However, accurate quantification of inequalities in Australia has been limited by data availability. The Australian Bureau of Statistics has recently created a resource linking Death Registrations to Australian Census data, enabling quantification of mortality by whole-of-population individual-level measures. Objectives and ApproachWe present the first analysis of linked Deaths Registrations to Census data, which quantifies mortality inequality in Australia in relation to individual-level socioeconomic position (SEP), and compares these estimates to those based on area-level-SEP measures. The Deaths Registrations-Census file contains deaths within 13 months of the 2011 Census date, linked probabilistically to 2011 Census data. We used Poisson regression to quantify inequalities according to education, weighted to adjust for relative under- and over-representation of selected subpopulations. We compared these inequality estimates with those based on area-SEP measures. We also examined the effect of missing Census data. ResultsMortality rates decreased with education in all age groups (25-44, 45-64, 65-84, 85+ years), for both males and females. Estimates of relative inequality decreased with age, while estimates of absolute inequalities increased. Total excess deaths associated with lower education were highest in those aged 64-84 years. Inequality estimates for education were higher than those for area-SEP in the youngest age groups (25-45 years), but were lower in the 45-64 age group. Socioeconomic gradients in education remained apparent among individuals within each area-SEP quintile, highlighting the socioeconomic variation among individuals within these area-based socioeconomic groups. The proportion of deaths with missing education data increased with age and area-level SEP; however there was little difference in the area-based inequality estimates across subgroups with and without education missing. Conclusion/ImplicationsThe newly-created linked Deaths Registrations-Census file, accessible through the virtual ABS Datalab, is a rich resource for generating evidence on mortality. The data show mortality inequalities in education across all age groups and within quintiles of area-level SEP and indicate area-based measures are inadequate for fully capturing inequality.

scholarly journals Peran Teknologi Di Dalam Memoderasi Pengaruh Internal Networking Terhadap Kinerja Usaha Industri Kecil dan Menengah Pada Saat Pendemi Covid-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Satria Tirtayasa ◽  
Hazmanan Khair ◽  
Januri Januri
Keyword(s):  
Business Performance ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Process Analysis ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Questionnaire Response ◽  
Moderator Variable ◽  
Moderator Effect ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this research is to  analyse  the  Effect of Technology  as moderator  variable Throught the relationship of Internal Networking (production and distribution) with SME’s business performance. This study  have been done in Covid-19 Pendemy at Medan City. The unit of analysis of this research is Small Medium Industry (IKM)  company, where those company located in one area (cluster Small Medium Industry ). The population of this research are 103 IKM and the sample are 103 IKM (census).Data collection  was used questionnaire, where the respondent are the owner of the IKM company. The questionnaire  response was high where 3 owner rejected  to made responsed (rejeccted), thus this research have 100 questionnaires reponses. The analysis method was using Hierarchi Regression and process analysis was used SPPS. The results of the research showed that the production and distribution have positive and significant effect with IKM performance. The effect of technology as moderator effect was found that negative and significant influence the relationship production and distribution with IKM performance. Thus, the effect of technology as moderator variable in pendemic Covid-19 was not dominant, because of the IKM compay faced decreased demand and indeed influence of Sales Margin.

scholarly journals PENGARUH KOMPETENSI TERHADAP KINERJAPEGAWAI PADA PUSKESMAS KECAMATAN DARUSSALAM KABUPATEN ACEH BESAR

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-134
Author(s):  
Syamsul Akmal
Keyword(s):  
Work Experience ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Test Validity ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Variable Population ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This study aims to determine "The Influence of Competence on Employee Performance at Puskesmas Darussalam District, Aceh Besar District". Where the independent variables are Knowledge (X1), Skills (X2), Behavior (X3) and Work Experience (X4) and Employee Performance (Y) as the dependent variable. Population in this research is employee Puskesman District Darussalam. Samples were taken as many as 97 samples using saturated sampling technique (census). Data were collected using questionnaires filled out by respondents. The data obtained were analyzed by multiple linear regression. This analysis includes Test Validity, Reliability Test, Multiple Regression Analysis Test Classic Assumption, Hypothesis Testing through F Test and t Test , and Determination Coefficient analysis (R2). Based on the results of the study, obtained Y = 1.581 + 0.268 X1 + 0.232 X2 + 0.232 X3 + 0.430 X4. Of the four variables studied, only the working experience variables (X4) has the most dominant effect of 0.430 to the Performance of employees at the Puskesmas Darussalam District, Aceh Besar District. The relationship of each Knowledge (X1), Skill (X2), Behavior (X3) and Work experience (X4) to the Performance of employees at Puskesmas Darussalam District, Aceh Besar Regency with correlation coefficient (R) of 0.961 means that the relationship is very strong. Fcount> Ftable at 95% confidence level (a = 0.05), that is 175.092> 2.47. Then the coefficient of determination of each variable Knowledge (X1), Skills (X2), Behavior (X3) and Work Experience (X4) of 0.924 or 92.4% to Employee Performance (Y) means the four variables simultaneously affect Employee Performance on Puskesmas Darussalam District, Aceh Besar District, only 7,6% influenced by other variable not examined in this research. Keywords: Knowledge, Skills, Behavior, Work Experience and Performance

Structure Design of the Database in the INS/Database Matching Navigation System

2013 ◽  
Vol 760-762 ◽  
pp. 1930-1935
Author(s):  
Fan Ming Liu ◽  
Xing Wei ◽  
Fang Ming Li
Keyword(s):  
Navigation System ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Database Management System ◽  
Geophysical Field ◽  
Navigation Data ◽  
Time Performance ◽  
Data Matching ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Using the geophysical field data matching navigation could improve the concealment of the underwater vehicle, and it is also an important navigation technology in the future. Using the database to save the navigation data not only could overcome the drawbacks when using the files to storage the data but also integrated the different database together. The QNX Database is used to be the database management system (DBMS) of the INS/Database matching navigation system. According to the needs of the INS/Database matching navigation system and the relationship of the geophysical field data, the structure of geophysical field data database is designed and implemented. The result shows that the DBMS has well real-time performance, reliability and scalability. It meets the requirements of the DBMS.

The relationship of the scleractinian corals to the rugose corals

Paleobiology ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 146-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Critical Points ◽  
Scleractinian Corals ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Early Triassic ◽  
Rugose Corals ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Biologic Factors

The Mesozoic-Cenozoic coral Order Scleractinia has been suggested to have originated or evolved (1) by direct descent from the Paleozoic Order Rugosa or (2) by the development of a skeleton in members of one of the anemone groups that probably have existed throughout Phanerozoic time. In spite of much work on the subject, advocates of the direct descent hypothesis have failed to find convincing evidence of this relationship. Critical points are:(1) Rugosan septal insertion is serial; Scleractinian insertion is cyclic; no intermediate stages have been demonstrated. Apparent intermediates are Scleractinia having bilateral cyclic insertion or teratological Rugosa.(2) There is convincing evidence that the skeletons of many Rugosa were calcitic and none are known to be or to have been aragonitic. In contrast, the skeletons of all living Scleractinia are aragonitic and there is evidence that fossil Scleractinia were aragonitic also. The mineralogic difference is almost certainly due to intrinsic biologic factors.(3) No early Triassic corals of either group are known. This fact is not compelling (by itself) but is important in connection with points 1 and 2, because, given direct descent, both changes took place during this only stage in the history of the two groups in which there are no known corals.

Skeletal elements of crinoid echinoderms: High-resolution structural and microanalytical results

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 194-195
Author(s):  
D. F. Blake ◽  
L. F. Allard ◽  
D. R. Peacor
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Sea Stars ◽  
High Resolution Tem ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

Echinodermata is a phylum of marine invertebrates which has been extant since Cambrian time (c.a. 500 m.y. before the present). Modern examples of echinoderms include sea urchins, sea stars, and sea lilies (crinoids). The endoskeletons of echinoderms are composed of plates or ossicles (Fig. 1) which are with few exceptions, porous, single crystals of high-magnesian calcite. Despite their single crystal nature, fracture surfaces do not exhibit the near-perfect {10.4} cleavage characteristic of inorganic calcite. This paradoxical mix of biogenic and inorganic features has prompted much recent work on echinoderm skeletal crystallography. Furthermore, fossil echinoderm hard parts comprise a volumetrically significant portion of some marine limestones sequences. The ultrastructural and microchemical characterization of modern skeletal material should lend insight into: 1). The nature of the biogenic processes involved, for example, the relationship of Mg heterogeneity to morphological and structural features in modern echinoderm material, and 2). The nature of the diagenetic changes undergone by their ancient, fossilized counterparts. In this study, high resolution TEM (HRTEM), high voltage TEM (HVTEM), and STEM microanalysis are used to characterize tha ultrastructural and microchemical composition of skeletal elements of the modern crinoid Neocrinus blakei.

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