scholarly journals Article

2002 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-137
Author(s):  
Per Nielsen ◽  
Steffen Røjskjær
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Addiction Treatment ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Treatment Center ◽  
Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory ◽  
Dual Disorder ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
The Impact

Per Nielsen & Steffen R⊘jskjær: Dual disorder among alcohol addicted inpatient clients This study examines the prevalence and subtypes of personality disorders among alcohol-addicted inpatients, and the impact on drop out during treatment. The study is the first phase of a prospective study of dual disorder clients (alcohol addiction and personality disorder). Subjects were 104 clients with severe alcohol problems consecutively admitted to a Danish addiction treatment center (Ring-gaarden) applying a cognitive frame of reference. Each client was tested during the first two weeks using the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI II-I). According to the psychological testing seven out of eight subjects manifested at least one personality disorder – and 65% of the clients had two or more personality disorders. Anti-social and/or passive-aggressive personality disorder was present in more than 50% of the subjects. Borderline personality disorder was found in about 30%. More than half of the subjects had elevated scores of anxiety and/or dysthymia. Cluster analysis revealed four distinct subtypes of clients: a. no/slight personality disorder, b. “avoidant/dependent”, c. “antisocial/narcissistic” and d. “borderline”. The drop-out rate was significantly higher for the “borderline” group than for the other three. The implications for treatment are discussed.

scholarly journals Early Improvement in Eating Attitudes during Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Eating Disorders: The Impact of Personality Disorder Cognitions

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma C. Park ◽  
Glenn Waller ◽  
Kenneth Gannon
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
The Impact

Background: The personality disorders are commonly comorbid with the eating disorders. Personality disorder pathology is often suggested to impair the treatment of axis 1 disorders, including the eating disorders. Aims: This study examined whether personality disorder cognitions reduce the impact of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for eating disorders, in terms of treatment dropout and change in eating disorder attitudes in the early stages of treatment. Method: Participants were individuals with a diagnosed eating disorder, presenting for individual outpatient CBT. They completed measures of personality disorder cognitions and eating disorder attitudes at sessions one and six of CBT. Drop-out rates prior to session six were recorded. Results: CBT had a relatively rapid onset of action, with a significant reduction in eating disorder attitudes over the first six sessions. Eating disorder attitudes were most strongly associated with cognitions related to anxiety-based personality disorders (avoidant, obsessive-compulsive and dependent). Individuals who dropped out of treatment prematurely had significantly higher levels of dependent personality disorder cognitions than those who remained in treatment. For those who remained in treatment, higher levels of avoidant, histrionic and borderline personality disorder cognitions were associated with a greater change in global eating disorder attitudes. Conclusions: CBT's action and retention of patients might be improved by consideration of such personality disorder cognitions when formulating and treating the eating disorders.

scholarly journals Proportion of Psychiatry Outpatients with Borderline Personality and Associated Clinical Syndromes using the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III: A Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaunak Ajit Ajinkya ◽  
Pranita Shantanu Sharma ◽  
Aparna Ramakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Personality Types ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory ◽  
Clinical Syndromes ◽  
Thought Disorders

Introduction: Personality disorders are a group of behavioural patterns associated with significant personal and socio-occupational disturbances. Numerous studies have demonstrated borderline personality to be one of the most common personality disorders. It’s less often diagnosed with just a clinical assessment. Aim: To examine the proportion of patients with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), and its associated personality types and clinical syndromes, using the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory version-III (MCMI-III). Materials and Methods: A retrospective observational study was carried out on 450 adult patients who attended the psychiatry outpatient department of an urban tertiary care hospital. They had been administered the MCMI-III, a self-rating questionnaire commonly used to provide information on personality types and associated clinical syndromes. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (IBM SPSS, Windows) version 20.0 was used for statistical analyses. Data was expressed in terms of actual number, mean and percentages. Chi-Square or Fisher’s-exact test, as appropriate, was used for categorical data to test for associations. Odds ratio was estimated to measure strength of the association. Results: Borderline was the most common personality type comprising nearly half (46.63%) of the study population. 25.5% had borderline traits while 21.1% had Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). BPD was significantly higher in females (p<0.001), younger age group below the age of 40 years (p<0.001) and unmarried persons (p<0.001). It was comorbid most with Anxiety (90.91%; OR=4.05; p<0.001), Major Depression (85.23%; OR=18.39; p<0.001), Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) (46.59%; OR=6.30; p<0.001) and Thought disorders (56.82%; OR=18.15; p<0.001). Alcohol (22.73%; OR=3.54; p<0.001) and Drug dependence (13.64%; OR=11.52; p<0.001) were also seen significantly higher in patients with BPD. Personality types significantly comorbid with BPD were Sadistic, Depressive, Masochistic, Negativistic, Schizotypal, Avoidant, Dependent, Antisocial and Paranoid types, with odds being most for Sadistic personality (OR=9.44). Conclusion: It is recommended that mental health professionals and clinicians should start to look for underlying symptoms of BPD in patients of anxiety and mood syndromes. If found these patients should be directed for psychotherapy as early as possible. The MCMI psychological test would be an important contribution to this area, given the need for systematic, quick, and objective testing methods that facilitate the diagnosis.

Working with Personality Disorders in an Integrated Care Setting

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E. Feinstein ◽  
Joseph V. Connelly
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Integrated Care ◽  
Care Pathway ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Care Team ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Medical Settings ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder ◽  
The Impact

Patients with personality disorders are common in primary care and medical settings. They can elicit intense problematic reactions from the members of an integrated care team, which can affect the team’s evaluation, diagnoses, diagnostic testing, medical orders, medications, laboratory tests, treatments, recommendations, and referrals. The four most common and challenging personality disorders are borderline personality disorder, antisocial personality disorder, narcissistic personality disorder, and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder. This chapter reviews the classification, epidemiology, biological basis, psychosocial formulation, and co-occurring mental health disorders associated with these personality disorders. A personality disorder schema is presented for managing these difficult patients. The impact these patients can have on the integrated care team is described. A care pathway is outlined that can be used for management, brief treatment, and referral for treatment to a personality disorder specialist.

Personality Disorders and Psychiatric Symptoms in Psoriasis

1995 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 547-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Alex Rubino ◽  
Alberto Sonnino ◽  
Bianca Pezzarossa ◽  
Nicola Ciani ◽  
Roberto Bassi
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory ◽  
Personality Disorder Scales

Two groups of psoriatic outpatients ( ns = 192 and 119) were given, respectively, the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-II and Foulds' Delusions-Symptoms-States Inventory. They were compared with dental ( n = 192) and with general surgical ( n = 190) patients. The psoriatic group presented clearly higher mean scores and frequencies on most of the personality disorder scales. On Foulds' inventory, psoriatic patients showed higher frequencies of neurotic and psychotic class allocations. A cluster analysis of personality scores provided evidence for 4 different personality clusters of patients with psoriasis: (a) Avoidant, Dependent, Schizoid, and Self-defeating (32.2%), (b) Compulsive, Narcissistic, and Aggressive (30.7%), (c) no personality disorder (18.2%), (d) Borderline, Paranoid, and Schizotypal, etc. (18.8%).

Postpartum Personality Disorders

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-80
Author(s):  
Gisele Apter ◽  
Gail Erlick Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
New Mothers ◽  
Dependent Personality ◽  
Paranoid Personality ◽  
The Impact

This chapter on personality disorders in the postpartum reviews the impact on the well-being of the mother and the infant if the mother suffers from a pre-existing personality disorder. Borderline personality disorders may have a negative impact on the new mother’s ability to form a healthy relationship with the infant and may become frustrated easily frustrated if the infant doesn’t obey. Women with dependent personality disorders may feel needy, helpless, and indecisive and therefore feel overwhelmed with motherhood. New mothers with paranoid personality disorders feel generally distrusting and suspicious. They may reject the health-care worker’s advice, thereby putting the infant at risk. Working with the mother–infant dyad is essential.

Performance-Based Practice: Clinical Dashboards for Addiction Treatment Retention

2020 ◽  
pp. 104973152097279
Author(s):  
David A. Patterson Silver Wolf ◽  
Autumn Asher BlackDeer ◽  
Sara Beeler-Stinn ◽  
Ken Zheng ◽  
Kristin Stazrad
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Addiction Treatment ◽  
Treatment Retention ◽  
Treatment Center ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: Substance use disorders (SUDs) are on the rise, particularly concerning opioids, and existing services are still not adequately meeting treatment needs. Most treatment dropouts occur within the first few weeks of treatment, indicating health improvement is likely not occurring. In this study, a clinical dashboard tool has shown promising utility with increasing retention in SUD treatment. Method: This pilot study was designed to measure the effects of implementing a performance-based practice clinical dashboard tool and having a process for monitoring patients’ recovery in a Midwestern SUD treatment center. Results: The results demonstrated the efficacy of a clinical dashboard tool that complements therapists’ monitoring and measuring of their patients’ performance. Discussion: Results support a building knowledge base about the impact of real-time, evidence-based tools on the retention and support of clients seeking SUD treatment.

scholarly journals Troubles de la personnalité et viol : implications théoriques et cliniques

Criminologie ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Proulx ◽  
Jocelyn Aubut ◽  
Lise Perron ◽  
André McKibben
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Antisocial Personality Disorder ◽  
French Translation ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
The Past ◽  
Schizoid Personality ◽  
Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory ◽  
Behavioral Theories ◽  
Troubles De La Personnalité

During the past 30 years, behavioral and cognitive-behavioral theories of rape have evolved considerably. The influence of etio-logic factors related to personality, however, is limited to antisocial traits. The aim of the current study was, therefore, to investigate the presence of personality disorders in rapists. Forty-nine incarcerated rapists answered a French translation of the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory questionnaire. On the basis of the Avery-Clark and Laws criteria (1983), 31 rapists were classified as less physically violent and 18 as more physically violent. Among the less physically violent rapists, we encountered most frequently avoidant, dependant, passive-aggressive and schizoid personality disorders. Among the more physically violent rapists, an antisocial personality disorder was predominant. The implications of these results concerning rape theories are being discussed.

scholarly journals MCMI-III Personality Disorders, Traits, and Profiles in Adult ADHD Outpatients

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 830-839
Author(s):  
Francesco Oliva ◽  
Chiara Mangiapane ◽  
Gabriele Nibbio ◽  
Alberto Portigliatti Pomeri ◽  
Giuseppe Maina
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Personality Profiles ◽  
Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory ◽  
High Prevalence

Objective: To assess prevalence of personality traits and disorders according to Millon’s evolution-based model and to identify the most representative personality profiles among adult ADHD outpatients. Method: Personality traits and disorders were evaluated using the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory–III (MCMI-III) and an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) in a consecutive sample of adult ADHD outpatients ( N = 70) diagnosed by the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale–version 1.1 (ASRS-v1.1) and the Diagnostic Interview for ADHD in Adults (DIVA 2.0). Results: More than half of our sample (57.1%) showed at least one personality disorder (PD). The most prevalent PDs were paranoid, schizotypal and negativistic (18.6% for all three PDs), depressive (17.1%), and sadistic (11.4%). No patient had a borderline PD. The EFA identified three personality profiles (“sadistic-antisocial-negativistic,” “masochistic-depressive-dependent-avoidant,” and “antihistrionic-schizoid”). Conclusion: High prevalence of PDs among adult ADHD patients was confirmed. The personality profiles seemed to reflect the persistence of ADHD and related childhood comorbidities in adulthood.

Dissociation and Therapy of Depressive and Anxiety Disorders with or Without Personality Disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S111-S111
Author(s):  
J. Prasko ◽  
A. Grambal ◽  
Z. Sigmundova ◽  
P. Kasalova ◽  
D. Kamaradova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Somatoform Disorder ◽  
Degree Of Dissociation ◽  
Therapeutic Program ◽  
Conversion Disorders ◽  
The Impact

ObjectiveGoal of the study was to analyze the impact of dissociation on the treatment of the patients with anxiety/neurotic spectrum and depressive disorders, and with or without personality disorders.MethodsThe sample consisted of inpatients who met the ICD-10 criteria for the Depressive disorder, Panic disorder, GAD, Mixed anxiety-depressive disorder, Agoraphobia, Social phobia, OCD, PTSD, Adjustment disorders, dissociative/conversion disorders, Somatoform disorder or other anxiety/neurotic spectrum disorder. The participants completed Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, subjective version of clinical global impression-severity, Sheehan Patient-Related Anxiety Scale, and Dissociative Experience Scale, at the start and the end of the therapeutic program.ResultsThe total of 840 patients with anxiety or depressive spectrum disorders, who were resistant to pharmacological treatment in outpatients basis and were referred for hospitalization for the six-week complex therapeutic program, were enrolled in this study. Six hundred and six of them were statistically analyzed. The patients’ mean ratings on all measurements were significantly reduced during the treatment. The patients without comorbid personality disorder improved significantly more than patients with comorbid personality disorder in the reduction of depressive symptoms. However, there were no significant differences in change of anxiety levels and severity of the disorder between the patients with and without personality disorders. The higher degree of dissociation at the beginning of the treatment predicted minor improvement. The higher therapeutic change was connected to the greater reduction of the dissociation level.ConclusionsDissociation presents an important factor influencing treatment effectiveness in the treatment-resistant patients with anxiety/depression with or without personality disorders.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Personality and personality disorder

2017 ◽  
pp. 391-414
Author(s):  
Paul Harrison ◽  
Philip Cowen ◽  
Tom Burns ◽  
Mina Fazel
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

‘Personality and personality disorders’ covers how personality influences and is influenced by psychiatric disorders, and also the disorders of personality. Personality refers to the wide range of ensuring qualities and behaviours that characterize an individual and that we generally use to recognize them. This chapter covers the varied theories of personality, both of personality types and personality development. It covers the classification of abnormal personalities and the range of personality disorders, along with their diagnostic criteria and how this classification is currently being subject to potentially radical reorganization. While the diagnosis of personality disorders remains controversial it is an essential tool in clinical psychiatry. Its course, impact, and treatment and management strategies are outlined, with particular attention paid to the impact of personality disorders on the outcome of other psychiatric and medical conditions and the ethical problems such disorders present.

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