scholarly journals Visualizing DEPICT: A Multistep Model for Participatory Analysis in Photovoice Research for Social Change

2021 ◽  
pp. 152483992110450
Author(s):  
Sarah Switzer ◽  
Sarah Flicker
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Power Dynamics ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Analysis Process ◽  
Narrative Intervention ◽  
Analytic Process ◽  
Multistep Model ◽  
Participatory Analysis

As a critical narrative intervention, photovoice invites community members to use photography to identify, document, and discuss issues in their communities. The method is often employed with projects that have a social change mandate. Photovoice may help participants express issues that are difficult to articulate, create tangible and meaningful research products for communities, and increase feelings of ownership. Despite being hailed as a promising participatory method, models for how to integrate diverse stakeholders feasibly, collaboratively, and rigorously into the analytic process are rare. The DEPICT model, originally developed to collaboratively analyze textual data, enhances rigor by including multiple stakeholders in the analysis process. We share lessons learned from Picturing Participation, a photovoice project exploring engagement in the HIV sector, to describe how we adapted DEPICT to collaboratively analyze participant-generated images and narratives across multiple sites. We highlight the following stages: dynamic reading, engaged codebook development, participatory coding, inclusive reviewing and summarizing of categories, and collaborative analysis and translation, and we discuss how participatory analysis is compatible with creative, interactive dissemination outputs such as exhibitions, presentations, and workshops. The benefits of Visualizing DEPICT include feelings of increased ownership by community researchers and participants, enhanced rigor, and sophisticated knowledge translation approaches that honor multiple forms of knowing and community leadership. The potential challenges include navigating team capacity and resources, transparency and confidentiality, power dynamics, data overload, and streamlining “messy” analytic processes without losing complexity or involvement. Throughout, we offer recommendations for designing participatory visual analysis processes that are connected to critical narrative intervention and social change aims.

scholarly journals Empowering Maasai women behind the camera: Photovoice as a tool for trachoma control

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara B. Mtuy ◽  
Jeremiah Mepukori ◽  
Joseph Lankoi ◽  
Shelley Lees
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Communication Tool ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Upper Eyelid ◽  
Northern Tanzania ◽  
Agents Of Change ◽  
Repeated Infections ◽  
Successes And Challenges ◽  
Engagement Intervention

Abstract Background Photovoice is a method used to help engage community members to understand local realities and promote social change. Photovoice uses cameras in the hands of participants as a tool to visually document a specified topic. Photos taken by participants allow for reflection and stimulate dialog on an issue to ideally lead to social change. Trachoma, hyperendemic in Maasai communities in Northern Tanzania, is the commonest infectious cause of blindness worldwide, caused by chlamydia trachomatis. The bacterial infection commonly occurs in childhood and over many years repeated infections leads to inflammation and scarring of the eyelid. Often as adults this leads to the upper eyelid turning inward and eyelashes scratching the eye, resulting in pain and eventually blindness. We used photovoice as a tool for Maasai women to share their lived experiences of educating peers on trachoma and ultimately empowering women in this society. Methods This public engagement intervention was conducted September thru October 2017. We held a workshop on trachoma control for 20 Maasai women including use of photovoice method. Women were asked to disseminate information from the trachoma control workshop to their community and to capture their experiences using disposable cameras. Five weeks post-workshop we facilitated a discussion and women displayed photos of the successes and challenges they encountered as advocates for trachoma control in their community. Intervention Outcomes It was observed throughout the process and at the photo discussion meeting, that women articulated empowerment by this experience; as educators, agents of change and a source of valued information. Conclusion Photovoice should be considered for future interventions as a communication tool on health issues and to empower women to be ambassadors for health promotion.

scholarly journals Wastewater Surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 on College Campuses: Initial Efforts, Lessons Learned, and Research Needs

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4455
Author(s):  
Sasha Harris-Lovett ◽  
Kara L. Nelson ◽  
Paloma Beamer ◽  
Heather N. Bischel ◽  
Aaron Bivins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Needs ◽  
Community Dynamics ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
College And University ◽  
University Systems

Wastewater surveillance for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an emerging approach to help identify the risk of a coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak. This tool can contribute to public health surveillance at both community (wastewater treatment system) and institutional (e.g., colleges, prisons, and nursing homes) scales. This paper explores the successes, challenges, and lessons learned from initial wastewater surveillance efforts at colleges and university systems to inform future research, development and implementation. We present the experiences of 25 college and university systems in the United States that monitored campus wastewater for SARS-CoV-2 during the fall 2020 academic period. We describe the broad range of approaches, findings, resources, and impacts from these initial efforts. These institutions range in size, social and political geographies, and include both public and private institutions. Our analysis suggests that wastewater monitoring at colleges requires consideration of local information needs, sewage infrastructure, resources for sampling and analysis, college and community dynamics, approaches to interpretation and communication of results, and follow-up actions. Most colleges reported that a learning process of experimentation, evaluation, and adaptation was key to progress. This process requires ongoing collaboration among diverse stakeholders including decision-makers, researchers, faculty, facilities staff, students, and community members.

Are Communities Willing to Transition Into Learning Health Care Communities? A Community-Based Participatory Evaluation of Stakeholders’ Receptivity

2021 ◽  
pp. 104973232199864
Author(s):  
Nabil Natafgi ◽  
Olayinka Ladeji ◽  
Yoon Duk Hong ◽  
Jacqueline Caldwell ◽  
C. Daniel Mullins
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Delivery ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Care Community ◽  
Care Experience ◽  
National Initiative

This article aims to determine receptivity for advancing the Learning Healthcare System (LHS) model to a novel evidence-based health care delivery framework—Learning Health Care Community (LHCC)—in Baltimore, as a model for a national initiative. Using community-based participatory, qualitative approach, we conducted 16 in-depth interviews and 15 focus groups with 94 participants. Two independent coders thematically analyzed the transcripts. Participants included community members (38%), health care professionals (29%), patients (26%), and other stakeholders (7%). The majority considered LHCC to be a viable model for improving the health care experience, outlining certain parameters for success such as the inclusion of home visits, presentation of research evidence, and incorporation of social determinants and patients’ input. Lessons learned and challenges discussed by participants can help health systems and communities explore the LHCC aspiration to align health care delivery with an engaged, empowered, and informed community.

“For Everyone” Means “For No One:”: Membership Tensions in Community Collaboration

2021 ◽  
pp. 089331892110003
Author(s):  
Katherine R. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Community Involvement ◽  
Community Collaboration ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Tension Management ◽  
Practical Implications

Prior research suggests that tensions are particularly salient in nonprofit and interorganizational contexts but rarely considers the impacts of managing these tensions. This manuscript applies a constitutive view of tensions to a community collaboration. Applied tensional analysis suggests interrelated membership tensions identified by organizational partners (grassroots/grasstops and inclusion/exclusion). Partners respond in conscious and latent ways (branding/blaming) as they seek to include organizational and community members and ultimately rely on contradictory messages (affirmation/admonition) to retain members. Findings present theoretical and practical implications for tension management, as well as constitutive implications for nonprofits dependent on organizational and community involvement to enact social change.

scholarly journals Bringing Older Adults to the Table: Opportunities for Consumer Engagement in Planning and Policy Making

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 102-102
Author(s):  
Alice Prendergast ◽  
Kristi Fuller
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Community Engagement ◽  
Community Involvement ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Service Planning ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Design Data

Abstract Efforts to include community voice in health policy and service planning are gaining recognition and support in the United States. Findings suggest community involvement can contribute to a better understanding of systems and factors that impact health, and, subsequently, more effective and sustainable policy and program design. Additionally, engagement can increase community buy-in, and community members can gain a greater awareness of services; increased confidence navigating systems; feelings of social connectedness; and capacity to advocate around issues through participation. Despite these findings, the extent to which community members are engaged in planning and decision-making varies considerably. Researchers from Georgia State University conducted a review of state plans on aging using the Person-Centered Outcomes Research Initiative (PCORI) Engagement Principles and the Health Research & Educational Trust’s Community and Patient Engagement Spectrum as frameworks to assess evidence of community engagement. The frameworks recognize engagement throughout the planning process, including design, data collection and interpretation, and dissemination. The review revealed that few planning processes described significant engagement, but rather met the minimal requirements established by federal policy. Federal guidance on community-informed planning practices is sparse, as are resources to support states in adopting these processes. To address this gap, the research team drew on the frameworks and other promising practices to design two community engagement projects, both in partnership with Georgia’s Division of Aging Services. Methods for participant engagement, data collection, interpretation and application of results, and lessons learned through both projects will be discussed, as well as potential implications.

scholarly journals Spaces In-between: Text Poems from Community Practice and Research

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Gerstenblatt ◽  
Diane Rhodes ◽  
Lida Holst
Keyword(s):  
Service Learning ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Community Practice ◽  
Community Members ◽  
University Partnerships ◽  
The Past ◽  
Teacher Researcher ◽  
Fellow Teacher ◽  
Artist Teacher

A commitment on the part of the academy to address social issues has increased over the past three decades, resulting in service learning courses, volunteering opportunities, and community-university partnerships. Faculty, staff, and community practitioners collaborating to lead these efforts often carry enormous responsibility and answer to often competing interests of students, community members, and universities. Using the experience of an scholar/artist/teacher in a university-community partnership founded by the first author in a racially polarized town, this article explores the potential of arts-based methods, specifically poetry and collage, to mitigate the consequence of this work. The format is a dialogue between two engaged teacher/researcher/practitioners and friends to clarify the hidden experience of the researcher with narrative truth to articulate and share not only experiences, but also lessons learned as a contribution to our fellow teacher/researcher/practitioners.

scholarly journals Rwandan Genocide Conflict Represented in the Novel “Led by Faith”

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (01) ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
Marisa Santi Dewi ◽  
Mundi Rahayu
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
World History ◽  
Conflict Theory ◽  
Power Dynamics ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Rwandan Genocide ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World

This study discusses the ethnic conflict in the Rwandan genocide in the novel Led by Faith: Rising from The Ashes of Rwandan Genocide written by Immaculée Ilibagiza. The novel is set in Rwanda, the country that was known as the place of the fastest killing in the world history, within 100 days killed more than 800.000 people. This novel is based on the author’s experience in surviving from the Rwandan genocide. Therefore, it is interesting to discuss how the author represented the genocide in the novel. This study applied conflict theory by Dahrendorf which focus on four aspect: Two aspects of society (conflict and consensus), power and authority, the groups involved in the conflict, and conflict and social change. The data are taken from the novel Led by Faith by using descriptive analysis techniques. The study reveals that the conflict between Hutu and Tutsi ethnics was represented as the power dynamics among the authorities. The conflict influenced the social change and social structure of the Rwandan society.

scholarly journals Visual analysis to compare academic performances of quota and non-quota students from computer-related programs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro B. Pio ◽  
Igor C. Sodré ◽  
Vinicius R. P. Borges
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Public Universities ◽  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Dropout Rates ◽  
Quota System ◽  
Brazilian Society ◽  
Analysis Process

The implementation of affirmative actions in public universities is a topic of debate within the Brazilian society, specially regarding the academic performance of students that have been admitted through the quota system. This paper describes a visual analysis process to explore and compare the academic performances of quota and non-quota students from computer-related programs in a public Brazilian university. The results revealed that both failure and dropout rates for quota students are slightly higher than non-quota students in the first terms, but tends to present similar rates at the final terms.

scholarly journals The Effect of Narrative Language Intervention on the Language Skills of Children With Hearing Loss

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Stephanie M. Raymond ◽  
Trina D. Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Language Intervention ◽  
Story Grammar ◽  
Baseline Design ◽  
Narrative Intervention ◽  
Children With Hearing Loss ◽  
Bilateral Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Narrative Language

Purpose Narrative intervention has not been extensively investigated with children with hearing loss, but it has been shown to improve a broad range of language skills of children with a variety of disabilities and language needs. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of narrative language intervention on the narrative retelling skills and vocabulary use of children with hearing loss. Method A multiple baseline design (for retelling) and a repeated acquisition design (for vocabulary) were used to fulfill the purpose of the study. Participants included two children ages 5 and 9 years diagnosed with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, fitted to an amplification device. Each child received one 70-min session of individual narrative language intervention per week for at least 6 weeks that focused on teaching less common vocabulary words in addition to story grammar and complex sentences. Results Both participants demonstrated weekly increases in narrative retell scores and repeated pretest to posttest gains in the use of targeted vocabulary. Evidenced through visual analysis, both participants showed some growth in retell once intervention was introduced, with at least a modest upward trend each week. Moreover, vocabulary use scores, collected directly after intervention, showed both participants improved vocabulary use in familiar and untrained contexts. Conclusions Results suggest narrative language intervention improved the narrative retell ability and vocabulary use of children with hearing loss. Narrative intervention is a promising approach for promoting the language skills of children with hearing loss, but this finding requires replication.

scholarly journals Effect of Personality, Power, and Emotion on Developing the 2017-2022 Philippine Health Research Agenda: A Case Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra M. Libunao ◽  
Reneepearl Kim P. Sales ◽  
Jaifred Christian F. Lopez ◽  
Ma. Rowena H. Alcido ◽  
Lester Sam A. Geroy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Research ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Power Dynamics ◽  
Smooth Flow ◽  
Process Documentation ◽  
Multi Stakeholder

Background. Social dynamics, specifically personalities, power dynamics, and emotions, have been shown to influence the methods, outputs, and quality of multi-stakeholder processes, especially the development of a national health research agenda. Objective and Methods. Using a case analysis approach utilizing related conceptual frameworks, the paper determined how personalities, power dynamics, and emotions affected the research priority-setting exercise, identified lessons learned, and recommended how to effectively manage these social dynamics in consultations. Data gathering methods were participant observation and process documentation, results of which were codified and analyzed. Results. Dominant personalities, stakeholders with power, and stakeholders that openly expressed dissatisfaction were most likely to attempt to change the methods and final outputs of the consultation, with varying level of success. Other dominant personalities used their power constructively for a smooth flow of generating and agreeing on ideas. Conclusion. In this case, social dynamics was shown to heavily influence the decision-making process, thus underlining its importance in organizing multisectoral representation. Effectively managing social dynamics may thus have to consider building trust and respect between participants, mediating discussions, reaching a mutually beneficial solution, and establishing and implementing mutually agreed house rules. The significant role of facilitators in developing a climate for truly inclusive participation must also be recognized.

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