Musculoskeletal Problems in Relation to Farming, Gender and Smoking

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (30) ◽  
pp. 5-588-5-590
Author(s):  
M G Björkstén ◽  
A. Rask-Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
General Population ◽  
Smoking Habits ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Musculoskeletal Problems ◽  
Female Farmers ◽  
Group Belonging

The aim of the present study was to investigate if smoking habits covariated with musculoskeletal problems among a group of male and female farmers and a control group from the general population. A questionnaire was sent to all farms and to a group of controls from the general population in the county of Uppsala. It comprised questions about smoking habits and musculoskeletal problems. Crosstabulations and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed. In the analyses we included smoking habits, age, gender and group belonging, e g farmers or controls. Age did not give a higher risk for musculoskeletal problems in any of the groups. The results showed that problems were related both to gender and group combined or not combined with smoking habits.

Predictors of thermal increase in magnetic resonance–guided focused ultrasound treatment for essential tremor: histogram analysis of skull density ratio values for 1024 elements

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Ken Iijima ◽  
Hajime Yokota ◽  
Toshio Yamaguchi ◽  
Masayuki Nakano ◽  
Takahiro Ouchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Focused Ultrasound ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Density Ratio ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Curve Analysis ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Operating Characteristic Curve

OBJECTIVE Sufficient thermal increase capable of generating thermocoagulation is indispensable for an effective clinical outcome in patients undergoing magnetic resonance–guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS). The skull density ratio (SDR) is one of the most dominant predictors of thermal increase prior to treatment. However, users currently rely only on the average SDR value (SDRmean) as a screening criterion, although some patients with low SDRmean values can achieve sufficient thermal increase. The present study aimed to examine the numerical distribution of SDR values across 1024 elements to identify more precise predictors of thermal increase during MRgFUS. METHODS The authors retrospectively analyzed the correlations between the skull parameters and the maximum temperature achieved during unilateral ventral intermediate nucleus thalamotomy with MRgFUS in a cohort of 55 patients. In addition, the numerical distribution of SDR values was quantified across 1024 elements by using the skewness, kurtosis, entropy, and uniformity of the SDR histogram. Next, the authors evaluated the correlation between the aforementioned indices and a peak temperature > 55°C by using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to compare the predictive ability of the indices. The diagnostic performance of significant factors was also assessed. RESULTS The SDR skewness (SDRskewness) was identified as a significant predictor of thermal increase in the univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses (p < 0.001, p = 0.013). Moreover, the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that the SDRskewness exhibited a better predictive ability than the SDRmean, with area under the curve values of 0.847 and 0.784, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The SDRskewness is a more accurate predictor of thermal increase than the conventional SDRmean. The authors suggest setting the SDRskewness cutoff value to 0.68. SDRskewness may allow for the inclusion of treatable patients with essential tremor who would have been screened out based on the SDRmean exclusion criterion.

Checklist Identification of Elementary Schoolboys for Clinical Referral or Evaluation of Eligibility for Special Education

1993 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard E. Mattison ◽  
James C. Lynch ◽  
Helen Kales ◽  
Alan D. Gamble
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
General Population ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Practical Procedure ◽  
Emotional Dysfunction ◽  
Mental Health Referral ◽  
General Population Group ◽  
Clinical Referral

Achenbach and Edelbrock teacher and parent checklists were used to develop a practical procedure to assist educators in determining if a boy with behavioral/emotional dysfunction in elementary school requires mental health referral or SED evaluation. SED, psychiatric outpatient, and general population Caucasian boys ages 6 to 11 years were compared. Appropriately, scores for the SED and the outpatient groups were pathological and significantly greater than scores for the general population group on both checklists, while SED scores were significantly higher than outpatient scores on the teacher checklist. Logistic regression analyses showed the Total Problem scales of both checklists to be the most efficient and economical scales for classification. Finally, probability tables were constructed to distinguish SED and outpatient boys from general population boys, and SED boys from outpatient boys.

Primary Purpose for Committing a Crime and Past-30 Day Opioid Misuse: A Statewide Sample of Justice-Involved Children

2021 ◽  
pp. 002204262110376
Author(s):  
Dylan J. Shaw ◽  
Micah E. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
General Population ◽  
Drug Courts ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Opioid Misuse ◽  
Care Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Material Gain ◽  
Cascade Of Care

The prevalence of opioid misuse (OM) among justice-involved children (JIC) is significantly higher than children in the general population, yet little research has examined the predictors of OM among JIC. Goldstein’s “economic compulsive model” hypothesizes that JIC who commit crimes for material gain will have a higher likelihood of meeting past-30 day (P30D) OM criteria. The data in this study were cross-sectional and represented 79,960 Florida JIC. To test the hypothesis, logistic regression analyses were utilized. Over 2000 JIC (2.67%) met P30D OM criteria and JIC who committed crimes for material gain were 2.55 times as likely to meet P30D OM criteria. Findings indicate that children may be incarcerated due to an inability to afford their addiction, contributing to the criminalization of mental health. JIC could benefit from the increased utilization of drug courts and the implementation of a cascade of care model.

Middle Cerebral Artery-to-Uterine Artery Pulsatility Index Ratio Independently Predicts Adverse Perinatal Outcome in Pregnancies at Term

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sufen Zhou ◽  
Hongyan Guo ◽  
Heng Liu ◽  
Mingqun Li
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Pulsatility Index ◽  
Uterine Artery ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Adverse Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Independent Risk Factors

Abstract Background: This study aimed to investigate potential predictors, including cerebroplacental ratio (CPR), middle cerebral artery (MCA)/uterine artery pulsatility index (PI) ratio, for adverse perinatal outcome in pregnancies at term.Methods: This was an observational, prospective study of recruited pregnancies at term. An adverse perinatal outcome was set as the primary observational endpoint. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to investigate the predictive and cut-off values of risk factors for adverse perinatal outcome. Independent risk factors (maternal, neonatal, prenatal ultrasound and Doppler variables) for adverse perinatal outcome were evaluated by the univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.Results: A total of 392 pregnancies at term were included and 19.4% of them had suffered adverse perinatal outcome. CPR (OR: 0.42, 95%CI: 0.20-0.93, P=0.032) and MCA/uterine artery PI ratio (OR: 0.25, 95%CI: 0.16-0.42, P=0.032) were two independent risk factors for adverse perinatal outcome by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.Conclusions: MCA/uterine artery PI ratio is a good predictor of adverse perinatal outcome in pregnancies at term.

scholarly journals Increased Serum Levels of Asymmetric Dimethylarginine and Symmetric Dimethylarginine and Decreased Levels of Arginine in Sudanese Patients with Essential Hypertension

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 727-736
Author(s):  
Sahar Gamil ◽  
Jeanette Erdmann ◽  
Edzard Schwedhelm ◽  
Khalid Hussein Bakheit ◽  
Ihab B.B. Abdalrahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Asymmetric Dimethylarginine ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Symmetric Dimethylarginine

Introduction: Essential hypertension (EH) is a disease caused by various environmental and genetic factors. Nitric oxide (NO) is important for the functional integrity of the endothelium. It is produced in endothelial cells by endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) that mediates the conversion of the amino acid arginine into NO and citrulline. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) acts as an inhibitor of eNOS. In contrast, symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) has no direct effect on eNOS but plays an important role competing with arginine for transport across the amino acid transporter. ADMA and SDMA have been found to play a central role in the development of cardiovascular diseases. Serum ADMA levels may serve as a future diagnostic marker and a target of therapy in hypertensive patients in the Sudanese population. This study aimed to investigate the relation between serum arginine, ADMA, and SDMA levels with EH in the Sudanese population. Methods: Patients (n = 260) with established hypertension and controls (n = 144) with normal blood pressure were included in this case-control study. Serum blood samples were analyzed for arginine, ADMA, and SDMA, using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Other laboratory data were measured using routine methods. Mann-Whitney’s U test and χ2 tests were used for continuous and categorical data, respectively. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate the independent effect of multiple variables on the development of hypertension. Results: Serum arginine levels were significantly lower in the patient group than in the control group (p < 0.001). ADMA and SDMA levels were significantly higher in the patient group than the control group (p < 0.001, p = 0.001, respectively). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that only older age, being a male, and arginine levels are independent factors controlling the development of hypertension (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, and p = 0.046, respectively). ADMA and SDMA levels were not independent factors for the development of hypertension. Conclusions: This study demonstrated increased serum levels of ADMA and SDMA and decreased arginine levels in Sudanese patients with EH. Lowering serum ADMA levels or increasing the arginine levels might be a novel therapeutic target in these individuals.

scholarly journals Age and education as factors associated with medication literacy: a community pharmacy perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Plaza-Zamora ◽  
Isabel Legaz ◽  
Eduardo Osuna ◽  
María D. Pérez-Cárceles
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
General Population ◽  
Community Pharmacy ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Academic Level ◽  
New Strategies

Abstract Background Aging implies a higher prevalence of chronic pathologies and a corresponding increase in medication. The correct adherence and use of the medication are prerequisites for reducing risks of disease progression, comorbidity, and mortality. Medication literacy (ML) is the specific ability to safely access and understand the information available concerning medication, and to act accordingly. Currently, there are few specific instruments that ascertain the extent of ML in the general population. The aim of this work was to analyse ML in a large cohort of pharmacy customers. Methods A total of 400 community pharmacy clients were analyzed to assess the level of ML (documental and numeracy) through the validated MedLitRxSE tool. Results The results showed that out of a total of 400 community pharmacy clients only 136 (34%) had an adequate degree of ML, while the rest of the clients (n = 264; 66%) were adjudged not to have this ability. Statistically significant differences were found between the different age groups in terms of ML (P < 0.001; OR = 0.312; 95% CI: 0.195–0.499), the 51–65 and >65-year age groups having a lower frequency of adequate ML (23.5 and 7.1%, respectively) than the rest of the age groups. A statistically significant increase in adequate ML was observed as the academic level of the clients increased (P < 0.001; OR = 15.403; 95% CI: 8.109–29.257). Multivariate logistic regression confirmed the influence of both variables on ML. Conclusions An inadequate ML level was found in community pharmacy clients over the age of 51, and also in those with primary or non-formal studies. Our data add to our knowledge about ML, and should pharmacists and other health professionals to adopt new strategies to prevent, or at least reduce, errors in taking medicines, thus avoiding the undesirable effects of any misuse.

scholarly journals Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin values alone and combined with Prognostic Index predict septic AKI, DIC, and shock: a pilot study

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuichiro Shimoyama ◽  
Osamu Umegaki ◽  
Noriko Kadono ◽  
Toshiaki Minami
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Prognostic Index ◽  
Prognostic Scores ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Significant Independent Predictor ◽  
Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Neutrophil Gelatinase

Abstract Objective Sepsis is a syndrome involving life-threatening organ dysfunction. The present study aimed to determine whether septic AKI, ARDS, DIC, and shock can be predicted more readily by combining uNGAL values and inflammation-based prognostic scores, over the use of uNGAL values alone. Results ROC curve analyses yielded the following cut-off values: AKI: 438.5 (ng/ml) for uNGAL at Day 1 (AUC, 0.8), 476.9 (ng/ml) for uNGAL at Day 2 (AUC, 0.86), 123.8 (ng/ml) for uNGAL at Day 3 (AUC, 0.81), 133.6 (ng/ml) for uNGAL at Day 4 (AUC, 0.78), 1.0 for iNS NGAL-NLR (AUC, 0.75), 2.0 for iNS NGAL-PI (AUC, 0.77), DIC; 648.5 (ng/ml) for uNGAL at Day 1 (AUC, 0.77); shock; 123.8 (ng/ml) for uNGAL at Day 3 (AUC, 0.71) and 9 for SOFA (AUC, 0.71). Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed iNS NGAL-PI to be a significant independent predictor of AKI (OR, 20.62; 95% CI, 1.03–412.3; p = 0.048).

Preoperative serum potassium predicts the clinical outcome after non-cardiac surgery

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradeep Arora ◽  
Leili Pourafkari ◽  
Ognjen Visnjevac ◽  
Edwin J. Anand ◽  
Jahan Porhomayon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Serum Potassium ◽  
Postoperative Outcome ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Adverse Cardiovascular Event ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Serum Potassium Concentration ◽  
Preoperative Serum

Abstract Background: Potassium disorders have been linked to adverse outcomes in various medical conditions. However, the association of preoperative serum potassium with postoperative outcome is not well established. We aimed to examine the association between preoperative potassium with a 30-day mortality and adverse cardiovascular event (MACE). Methods: We conducted a cohort study using a prospectively collected database of patients, undergoing surgical procedures from 1998 to 2013 in the VA Western New York Healthcare System, which are reported to the Veterans Affairs Surgical Quality Improvement Program (VASQIP). The patients were categorized into three groups based on their documented preoperative potassium concentrations. Hypokalemia was defined as serum potassium concentration <4 mmol/L and hyperkalemia was defined as serum potassium concentrations >5.5 mmol/L. The values within the range of 4.0–5.5 mmol/L were considered as normokalemia and used as the control group. Statistical analyses included Chi-square test, analysis of variance and multivariate logistic regression to estimate the risk of MACE within 30 days of surgery. Results: Study included 5959 veterans who underwent surgery between 1998 and 2013. The patients in the hyperkalemics group had lower kidney function compared to the other two groups. The frequency of MACE was 13.6% in hypokalemics and 21.9% in hyperkalemics that were both significantly higher than 4.9% in controls. In multivariate logistic regression the hazard risk (HR) ratios of MACE were (2.17, 95% CI 1.75–2.70) for hypokalemics and (3.23, 95% CI 2.10–4.95) for hyperkalemics when compared to normokalemic controls. Conclusions: Preoperative hypokalemia and hyperkalemia are both independent predictors of MACE within 30 days.

Genetic polymorphisms associated with clostridium difficile infection in multiple myeloma patients undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 8522-8522
Author(s):  
Issam Hamadeh ◽  
Zainab Shahid ◽  
Manisha Bhutani ◽  
Jai Narendra Patel ◽  
Nury Steuerwald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Conditioning Regimen ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Host Immune System ◽  
Cell Transplant ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Buccal Swabs

8522 Background: CDI is the primary cause of infectious diarrhea in immunocompromised patients including those undergoing autologous stem cell transplant (SCT). Given the key role of gut microbiome and its interaction with host immune system, we investigated whether polymorphisms in innate immunity genes (identified through Ingenuity Pathway Analysis) were associated with CDI. Methods: We queried our database to identify MM patients who underwent an autologous SCT between April 2015-June 2019. Patients who had their buccal swabs collected through an IRB approved specimen collection protocol were included herein. Data were collected on age, conditioning regimen, CDI diagnosis, time from admission until CDI diagnosis, absolute neutrophil count (ANC) at time of CDI diagnosis, and antibiotic prophylaxis. Genomic DNA was extracted from buccal swabs and genotyped for 62 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ASPH , RLBP1L1, ATP7B, IL-8, FAK, TNFRSF14, CTH, TLR and IL-4. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to assess association between CDI and presence of SNPs in these genes. Results: A total of 83 patients were identified (25 cases and 58 controls). Baseline characteristics were comparable between two groups. Median age was 67 years (range: 50-79). All patients received high dose melphalan as conditioning, and the same antibiotic prophylaxis during peri-transplant period. Median time from hospitalization until CDI diagnosis was 10 days (IQR:9 days), and median ANC was 0.7/mL (IQR:1.6/mL). Two SNPs (rs2227307 T > G in IL-8 and rs2234167 G > A in TNFRSF14) were significantly associated with CDI risk in both univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses (Table). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that rs227307G (in IL-8) and rs2234167A (in TNFRSF14) alleles are potential risk factors for CDI after autologous SCT. Our findings, if validated in a larger cohort, would support genetic testing as a screening tool to identify patients who might benefit from prophylaxis against CDI. [Table: see text]

Smoking Habits among Norwegian Doctors 1974

1977 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leif-Edvard Aarø ◽  
Kjell Bjartveit ◽  
Odd D. Vellar ◽  
Else-Lill Berglund
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Small Proportion ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Smoking Habits ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
High Level

In the spring of 1974 a representative sample ( N = 1200) of all doctors in Norway (6000) received a mailed questionnaire regarding past and present smoking habits. Close to 95% responded. Among late responders there was a disproportionately high number of smokers. As compared with the general population, both male and female doctors constitute a small proportion of daily smokers and a large proportion of exsmokers. The greatest contrasts are observed in the younger age groups. The percentage of daily smokers in this crossectional study on the medical profession is approximately 50% lower than that found in the 1952–53 study on Norwegian doctors. There is also a shift away from cigarette smoking toward the use of pipe and cigars, which is not found in the general population. Answers to questions regarding reasons for quitting as well as certain attitudinal indicators show that the doctors' reduction in smoking is related to their professional involvement and high level of knowledge concerning the health consequences of smoking.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document