scholarly journals Construct Validity of the Upper-Limb Interlimb Coordination Test in Stroke

2021 ◽  
pp. 154596832110580
Author(s):  
Roni Molad ◽  
Mindy F. Levin
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Cross Correlation ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Interlimb Coordination ◽  
Chronic Stroke ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Coordination Test

Background Coordination impairments are under-evaluated in patients with stroke due to the lack of validated assessments resulting in an unclear relationship between coordination deficits and functional limitations. Objective Determine the construct validity of the new clinical upper-limb (UL) Interlimb Coordination test (ILC2) in individuals with chronic stroke. Methods Thirteen individuals with stroke, ≥40 years, with ≥30° isolated supination of the more-affected (MAff) arm, who could understand instructions and 13 healthy controls of similar age participated in a cross-sectional study. Participants performed synchronous bilateral anti-phase forearm rotations for 10 seconds in 4 conditions: self-paced internally-paced (IP1), fast internally-paced (IP2), slow externally-paced (EP1), and fast externally-paced (EP2). Primary (continuous relative phase-CRP, cross-correlation, lag) and secondary outcome measures (UL and trunk kinematics) were compared between groups. Results Participants with stroke made slower UL movements than controls in all conditions, except EP1. Cross-correlation coefficients were lower (i.e., closer to 0) in stroke in IP1, but CRP and lag were similar between groups. In IP1 and matched-speed conditions (IP1 for healthy and IP2 for stroke), stroke participants used compensatory trunk and shoulder movements. The synchronicity sub-scale and total scores of ILC2 were related to temporal coordination in IP2. Interlimb Coordination test total score was related to greater shoulder rotation of the MAff arm. Interlimb Coordination test scores were not related to clinical scores. Conclusion Interlimb Coordination test is a valid clinical measure that may be used to objectively assess UL interlimb coordination in individuals with chronic stroke. Further reliability testing is needed to determine the clinical utility of the scale.

scholarly journals Validation of the German Life-Space Assessment (LSA-D): cross-sectional validation study in urban and rural community-dwelling older adults

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e049926
Author(s):  
Sandra Angelika Mümken ◽  
Paul Gellert ◽  
Malte Stollwerck ◽  
Julie Lorraine O'Sullivan ◽  
Joern Kiselev
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Life Space ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

ObjectivesTo develop a German version of the original University of Alabama at Birmingham Study of Aging Life-Space Assessment (LSA-D) for measurement of community mobility in older adults within the past 4 weeks and to evaluate its construct validity for urban and rural populations of older adults.DesignCross-sectional validation study.SettingTwo study centres in urban and rural German outpatient hospital settings.ParticipantsIn total, N=83 community-dwelling older adults were recruited (n=40 from urban and n=43 from rural areas; mean age was 78.5 years (SD=5.4); 49.4% men).Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe final version of the translated LSA-D was related to limitations in activities and instrumental activities of daily living (ADL/iADL) as primary outcome measure (primary hypothesis); and with sociodemographic factors, functional mobility, self-rated health, balance confidence and history of falls as secondary outcome measures to obtain construct validity. Further descriptive measurements of health included hand grip strength, screening of cognitive function, comorbidities and use of transportation. To assess construct validity, correlations between LSA-D and the primary and secondary outcome measures were examined for the total sample, and urban and rural subsamples using bivariate regression and multiple adjusted regression models. Descriptive analyses of LSA-D included different scoring methods for each region. All parameters were estimated using non-parametric bootstrapping procedure.ResultsIn the multiple adjusted model for the total sample, number of ADL/iADL limitations (β=−0.26; 95% CI=−0.42 to −0.08), Timed Up and Go Test (β=−0.37; 95% CI=−0.68 to −0.14), shared living arrangements (β=0.22; 95% CI=0.01 to 0.44) and history of falls in the past 6 months (β=−0.22; 95% CI=−0.41 to −0.05) showed significant associations with the LSA-D composite score, while living in urban area (β=−0.19; 95% CI=−0.42 to 0.03) and male gender (β=0.15; 95% CI=−0.04 to 0.35) were not significant.ConclusionThe LSA-D is a valid tool for measuring life-space mobility in German community-dwelling older adults within the past 4 weeks in ambulant urban and rural settings.Trial registration numberDRKS00019023.

Adaptation and Validation of a Nutrition Environment Measures Survey for University Grab-and-Go Establishments

2016 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian K.C. Lo ◽  
Leia Minaker ◽  
Alicia N.T. Chan ◽  
Jessica Hrgetic ◽  
Catherine L. Mah
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Comparison Method ◽  
Nutrition Information ◽  
Perfect Agreement ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
University Of Toronto ◽  
Nutrition Environment

Purpose: To adapt and validate a survey instrument to assess the nutrition environment of grab-and-go establishments at a university campus. Methods: A version of the Nutrition Environment Measures Survey for grab-and-go establishments (NEMS-GG) was adapted from existing NEMS instruments and tested for reliability and validity through a cross-sectional assessment of the grab-and-go establishments at the University of Toronto. Product availability, price, and presence of nutrition information were evaluated. Cohen’s kappa coefficient and intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) were assessed for inter-rater reliability, and construct validity was assessed using the known-groups comparison method (via store scores). Results: Fifteen grab-and-go establishments were assessed. Inter-rater reliability was high with an almost perfect agreement for availability (mean κ = 0.995) and store scores (ICC = 0.999). The tool demonstrated good face and construct validity. About half of the venues carried fruit and vegetables (46.7% and 53.3%, respectively). Regular and healthier entrée items were generally the same price. Healthier grains were cheaper than regular options. Six establishments displayed nutrition information. Establishments operated by the university’s Food Services consistently scored the highest across all food premise types for nutrition signage, availability, and cost of healthier options. Conclusions: Health promotion strategies are needed to address availability and variety of healthier grab-and-go options in university settings.

Validation of the Three-Item Skindex-Mini Among Hidradenitis Suppurativa Patients With Diverse Racial Backgrounds

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 457-460
Author(s):  
Lauren A.V. Orenstein ◽  
Adaugo Amah ◽  
Fiona M. Shaw ◽  
Chao Zhang ◽  
Robert A. Swerlick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hidradenitis Suppurativa ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Numeric Rating Scale ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Function

Background Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that severely impairs patients’ quality of life (QoL). Instruments such as the 10-item Dermatology Life Quality Index and 16-item Skindex-16 have been used to assess QoL in HS; however, it is unknown whether the shorter 3-item Skindex-mini can also provide an accurate assessment of skin-related QoL in patients with HS. Objectives The aim was to assess how well the Skindex-16 correlates with its shorter adaptation, the Skindex-mini, in capturing QoL among patients with HS. Methods This retrospective cross-sectional study included all HS patients seen in the HS Clinic at The Emory Clinic between January 1, 2019, and August 16, 2019. We compared the correlation between the symptom, emotion, and function domains of the Skindex-16 and Skindex-mini using Pearson correlation coefficients (CC). Secondary outcome measures included individual survey item analysis, ItchyQuant scores, and numeric rating scale of pain. Results We identified 108 encounters among 75 unique hidradenitis suppurativa patients (43 black/African American, 18 white, 5 Asian/Pacific Islander, 3 Latino, 4 Other, 2 unknown). Pearson CC between the Skindex-16 and Skindex-mini domain scores for all encounters were 0.770 ( P < .001), 0.787 ( P < .001), and 0.801 ( P < .001) for the symptom, emotion, and function domains, respectively. The mean pain and ItchyQuant scores were 4.14 (SD 3.31) and 3.55 (SD 3.34), respectively. Conclusions The Skindex-mini correlated highly with the Skindex-16 in a racially diverse group of patients with HS. The Skindex-mini is a streamlined QoL instrument that could be practically implemented into routine clinical care among diverse patients presenting to dermatology.

scholarly journals Measuring Outcomes in Psoriatic Arthritis: Comparing Routine Assessment of Patient Index Data and Psoriatic Arthritis Impact of Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (10) ◽  
pp. 1496-1505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica A. Walsh ◽  
Marilyn T. Wan ◽  
Christine Willinger ◽  
M. Elaine Husni ◽  
Jose U. Scher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Index Data ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Routine Assessment

ObjectiveTo examine the construct validity of Routine Assessment of Patient Index Data 3 (RAPID3) and Psoriatic Arthritis Impact of Disease (PsAID) in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). In examining construct validity, we also addressed scores among subgroups with severe psoriasis, poly articular disease, enthesitis, and dactylitis, and evaluated influences of sociodemographic factors and comorbidities (contextual factors) on these patient-reported outcomes (PRO).MethodsPatients with PsA were enrolled in the Psoriatic Arthritis Research Consortium (PARC) between 2014 and 2016. PARC is a longitudinal observational cohort study conducted at 4 US institutions. In this cross-sectional study, construct validity was assessed by examining Spearman correlation coefficients for RAPID3 and PsAID with physician-reported disease activity measures and other PRO [e.g., Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-12 physical component summary/mental component summary (SF-12 PCS/MCS), Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy–Fatigue scale (FACIT-F)]. Contextual factors and disease subgroups were assessed in multivariable linear regression models with RAPID3 or PsAID12 as outcomes of interest and the hypothesized contextual factors as covariates.ResultsAmong 401 patients enrolled in PARC, 347 completed RAPID3 or PsAID12. Of these, most were white females with a mean age of 51.7 years (SD 14.02). RAPID3 and PsAID were highly correlated (r = 0.90). These measures were also correlated with the SF-12 PCS (r = −0.67) and FACIT-F (r = −0.77). Important contextual factors and disease subgroups included enthesitis, joint counts, education, insurance type, and depression.ConclusionRAPID3 and PsAID12 have excellent construct validity in PsA and are strongly correlated despite differing items. Contextual factors (i.e., the presence of depression and obesity) should be considered when interpreting raw scores of the RAPID3 and PsAID12.

scholarly journals A publicly well-accepted measure versus an academically desirable measure of health inequality: cross-sectional comparison of the difference between income quintiles with the slope index of inequality

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. e028687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young-Ho Khang ◽  
Dohee Lim ◽  
Jinwook Bahk ◽  
Ikhan Kim ◽  
Hee-Yeon Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Health Inequality ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Income Quintile ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Index Of Inequality ◽  
The Difference

ObjectivesThe difference between income quintiles in health is relatively well accepted by the general public as a measure of health inequality. However, the slope index of inequality (SII) in health reflects the patterns of all social groups, including the middle 60%, and it could therefore be considered more academically desirable. If these two measures are closely correlated, the widespread use of the difference between income quintiles in health would be better supported. This study was conducted to compare differences between income quintiles in life expectancy (LE) and healthy life expectancy (HLE) with the SII.DesignCross-sectional comparison using correlational analysis of district level income differences in LE and HLE with associated SII.SettingAll 252 subnational districts of Korea.ParticipantsA total of 342 439 895 subjects (171 287 729 men, 171 152 166 women) and 1 753 476 deaths (970 928 men, 782 548 women) between 2008 and 2014 were analysed.Primary and secondary outcome measuresDifference in LE and HLE by income quintile and associated SII.ResultsThe Pearson correlation coefficients between differences between income quintiles and the SII were generally high: 0.97 (95% CI 0.96 to 0.98) for LE in men and women combined and 0.96 (95% CI 0.94 to 0.97) for HLE in men and women combined. In most districts, the SII was greater than the difference between income quintiles.ConclusionDifferences between income quintiles were closely correlated with the SII. The widespread use of differences between income quintiles in health as a measure of health inequality may be preferable for communicating results of health inequality measurements to the public.

scholarly journals Psychometric properties of the St George's Respiratory Questionnaire in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 1601788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey J. Swigris ◽  
Dirk Esser ◽  
Hilary Wilson ◽  
Craig S. Conoscenti ◽  
Hendrik Schmidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Total Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
St George's Respiratory Questionnaire ◽  
Domain Scores

The St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) has been used to measure health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).This analysis evaluated the psychometric properties of the SGRQ using data from 428 patients with IPF who participated in a 12-month, randomised, placebo-controlled phase II trial of nintedanib.Internal consistency (Cronbach's α) was 0.91 for SGRQ total and >0.70 for domain scores. Test–retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients) was 0.77, 0.77, 0.69 and 0.66 for SGRQ total, activity, impact and symptoms scores, respectively. Construct validity of SGRQ total and domain scores was supported by weak to moderate cross-sectional correlations with the Medical Research Council dyspnoea scale (0.32–0.55), 6-min walk test distance (−0.25– −0.34), percentage predicted forced vital capacity (−0.11– −0.15) and measures of gas exchange (−0.26–0.03). There was some evidence that the SGRQ total score was sensitive to detecting change.The reliability, construct validity and responsiveness of the SGRQ in patients with IPF suggest that this is an acceptable measure of HRQoL in patients with IPF.

scholarly journals Chronic stroke sensorimotor impairment is related to smaller hippocampal volumes: An ENIGMA analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artemis Zavaliangos-Petropulu ◽  
Bethany Lo ◽  
Miranda R Donnelly ◽  
Nicolas Schweighofer ◽  
Keith Lohse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Hippocampal Volume ◽  
Chronic Stroke ◽  
Stroke Recovery ◽  
Lesion Volume ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Secondary Degeneration ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Sensorimotor Impairment

Persistent sensorimotor impairments after stroke can negatively impact quality of life. The hippocampus is involved in sensorimotor behavior but has not been widely studied within the context of post-stroke upper limb sensorimotor impairment. The hippocampus is vulnerable to secondary degeneration after stroke, and damage to this region could further weaken sensorimotor circuits, leading to greater chronic sensorimotor impairment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the cross-sectional association between non-lesioned hippocampal volume and upper limb sensorimotor impairment in people with chronic stroke. We hypothesized that smaller ipsilesional hippocampal volumes would be associated with worse upper-limb sensorimotor impairment. Cross-sectional T1-weighted brain MRIs were pooled from 357 participants at the chronic stage after stroke (>180 days post-stroke) compiled from 18 research cohorts worldwide in the ENIGMA Stroke Recovery Working Group (age: median = 61 years, interquartile range = 18, range = 23-93; 135 women and 222 men). Sensorimotor impairment was estimated from the Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Upper Extremity scores. Robust mixed-effects linear models were used to test associations between post-stroke sensorimotor impairment and hippocampal volumes (ipsilesional and contralesional separately; Bonferroni-corrected, p-value < 0.025), controlling for age, sex, lesion volume, and lesioned hemisphere. We also performed an exploratory analysis to test whether sex differences influence the relationship between sensorimotor impairment and hippocampal volume. Upper limb sensorimotor impairment was positively associated with ipsilesional (p = 0.005; d = 0.33) but not contralesional (p = 0.96; d = 0.01) hippocampal volume, such that impairment was worse for participants with smaller ipsilesional hippocampal volume. This association remained significant independent of lesion volume or other covariates (p = 0.001; d = 0.36). Evidence indicates an interaction between sensorimotor impairment and sex for both ipsilesional (p = 0.008; d = -0.29) and contralesional (p = 0.006; d = -0.30) hippocampal volumes, whereby women showed progressively worsening sensorimotor impairment with smaller hippocampal volumes compared to men. The present study has identified a novel association between chronic post-stroke sensorimotor impairment and ipsilesional, but not contralesional, hippocampal volume. This finding was not due to lesion size and may be stronger in women. We also provide supporting evidence that smaller hippocampal volume post-stroke is likely a consequence of ipsilesional damage, which could provide a link between vascular disease and other disorders, such as dementia.

scholarly journals Concurrent and construct validity of Mediterranean diet scores as assessed by an FFQ

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2015-2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra A Benítez-Arciniega ◽  
Michelle A Mendez ◽  
Jose M Baena-Díez ◽  
Maria-Asunción Rovira Martori ◽  
Cristina Soler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Diet Score

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to assess the concurrent and construct validity of two diet-quality indices, a modified Mediterranean diet score (mMDS) and a Mediterranean-like diet score (MLDS) additionally incorporating unhealthy food choices, as determined by an FFQ.DesignA validation study assessing FFQ intake estimates compared with ten or more unannounced 24 h recalls. Pearson's correlation coefficients, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), Bland–Altman plots and the limits of agreement method were used to assess the between-method agreement of scores. Construct validity was shown using associations between nutrient intakes derived from multiple 24 h recalls and the mMDS and MLDS derived from the FFQ.SettingGerona, Spain.SubjectsA total of 107 consecutively selected participants from a population-based cross-sectional survey.ResultsPearson's correlations for the energy-adjusted mMDS and MLDS compared with multiple recalls were 0·48 and 0·62, respectively. The average FFQ energy-adjusted mMDS and MLDS were 102 % and 98 % of the recall-based mMDS and MLDS estimates, respectively. The FFQ under- and overestimated dietary recall estimates of the energy-adjusted MLDS by 28 % and 25 %, respectively, with slightly wider boundaries for the mMDS (31 % and 34 %). The ICC, which assesses absolute agreement, was similar to Pearson's correlations (mMDS = 0·48 and MLDS = 0·61). The mean differences between methods were similar across the range of average ratings for both scores, indicating the absence of bias. The FFQ-derived mMDS and MLDS correlated in the anticipated directions with intakes of eleven (73·3 %) and thirteen of fifteen nutrients (86·7 %), respectively.ConclusionsThe FFQ provides valid estimates of diet quality as assessed by the mMDS and MLDS.

scholarly journals Motor Activity Log-Brazil: reliability and relationships with motor impairments in individuals with chronic stroke

2012 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 196-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Duarte Pereira ◽  
Angélica Cristiane Ovando ◽  
Stella Maris Michaelsen ◽  
Sarah Monteiro dos Anjos ◽  
Renata Cristina Magalhães Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Activity ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Chronic Stroke ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Motor Impairments ◽  
Intra Class Correlation ◽  
Quality Of Movement ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

The Motor Activity Log (MAL) assesses the spontaneous use of the most affected upper limb with the amount of use (AOU) and quality of movement (QOM) scales during daily activities in real environments in individuals with chronic stroke. Objectives: This study translated the testing manual into Portuguese and assessed the inter-rater and test-retest reliabilities of the MAL, based upon the Brazilian manual version. Methods: The inter-rater reliability was evaluated by comparing the results of two examiners, and the test-retest reliability was tested by comparing the results of two evaluations, repeated one-week apart with 30 individuals with chronic hemiparesis (55.8±15.1 years). Results: The intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) for the total scores were adequate for both the inter-rater (0.98 for the AOU and 0.91 for QOM) and test-retest reliabilities (0.99 for both scales). Conclusions: The results suggested that the MAL was reliable to evaluate the spontaneous use of the most affected upper limb after stroke.

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