scholarly journals Farming, Reported Pesticide Use, and Prostate Cancer

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camille Ragin ◽  
Brionna Davis-Reyes ◽  
Helina Tadesse ◽  
Dennis Daniels ◽  
Clareann H. Bunker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Pesticide Exposure ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cancer Type ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Prostate Hyperplasia ◽  
Unpublished Studies ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Increased Risk

Prostate cancer is the leading cancer type diagnosed in American men and is the second leading cancer diagnosed in men worldwide. Although studies have been conducted to investigate the association between prostate cancer and exposure to pesticides and/or farming, the results have been inconsistent. We performed a meta-analysis to summarize the association of farming and prostate cancer. The PubMed database was searched to identify all published case–control studies that evaluated farming as an occupational exposure by questionnaire or interview and prostate cancer. Ten published and two unpublished studies were included in this analysis, yielding 3,978 cases and 7,393 controls. Prostate cancer cases were almost four times more likely to be farmers compared with controls with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH; meta odds ratio [OR], crude = 3.83, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.96-7.48, Q-test p value = .352; two studies); similar results were obtained when non-BPH controls were considered, but with moderate heterogeneity between studies (meta OR crude = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.16-1.64, Q-test p value = .216, I2 = 31% [95% CI = 0-73]; five studies). Reported pesticide exposure was inversely associated with prostate cancer (meta OR crude = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.49-0.96, Q-test p value = .331; four studies), whereas no association with exposure to fertilizers was observed. Our findings confirm that farming is a risk factor for prostate cancer, but this increased risk may not be due to exposure to pesticides.

scholarly journals Association of rs3746444 in MiRNA-499 and rs3787016 in Long Non-coding RNAs POLR2E with Prostate Cancer: an updated meta-analysis and systematic review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuebin Liu ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
Zhaozhang Wang ◽  
Yuwu Li ◽  
Yubin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
P Value ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Micro Rnas ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Non Coding Rnas

Abstract Background It has been proved that a significant proportion of prostate cancer diagnoses may be associated with a strong hereditary component. Micro-RNAs and Long Non-coding RNAs are a group of a noncoding small molecule, which play critical roles in signalling pathways, metabolism, apoptosis and cancer development. Exercising a meta-analysis to examine the relationship between rs3746444, rs3787016 and prostate cancer (PCa) risk was the main objective of our study. Results 10 case-control studies were included, while 6 on rs3787016 and 4 on rs3746444. On the whole, the genotypes carrying the T allele, in which were verified an increased risk between rs3787016 and PCa risk.( T vs C: odds ratio(OR) = 1.802, 95% CI 1.015–3.198, P value of heterogeneity(PH) = 0.00%; CT vs CC: OR = 1.179,95% CI 1.091–1.275, PH = 0.41; TT vs CC: .OR = 1.418, 95% CI 1.229–1.636, PH= 0.961; TT + CT vs CC: OR = 1.216, 95% CI 1.129–1.310, PH= 0.408; TT vs CT + CC: OR = 1.328, 95%CI 1.159–1.521, PH = 0.987). A vital relevance was performed by this meta-analysis in three models between rs3746444 and PCa risk, in which a tendency of increased PCa risk could be found (C vs T: OR = 1.197, 95% CI 1.035–1.384, PH= 0.837; CC vs TT: OR = 1. 137, 95% CI 0.813–1.590, PH = 0.392; CC + CT vs TT: OR = 1.426, 95% CI 1.166–1.743, PH= 0.406.). Conclusion Our findings proposed that rs3746444 in MiRNA-499 and rs3787016 in Long Non-coding RNAs POLR2E polymorphisms increased the risk of developing PCa. Further functional studies are warranted to reveal the role of the polymorphism in carcinogenesis.

scholarly journals Old men with prostate cancer have higher risk of Gleason score upgrading and pathological upstaging after initial diagnosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaochuan Wang ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Zhengguo Ji ◽  
Peiqian Yang ◽  
Ye Tian
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Gleason Score ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Predictive Performance ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Ovid Medline ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Diagnostic Biopsy

Abstract Background To evaluate the predictive performance of age for the risk of Gleason score change and pathologic upstaging. Evidence acquisition Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception until May 2020. Quality of included studies was appraised utilizing the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale for case-control studies. The publication bias was evaluated by funnel plots and Egger’s tests. Evidence synthesis Our search yielded 27 studies with moderate-to-high quality including 84296 patients with mean age of 62.1 years. From biopsy to prostatectomy, upgrading and upstaging occurred in 32.3% and 9.8% of patients, respectively. Upgrading from diagnostic biopsy to confirmatory biopsy was found in 16.8%. Older age was associated with a significant increased risk of upgrading (OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.03–1.05), and similar direction of effect was found in studies focused on upgrading from diagnostic biopsy to confirmatory biopsy (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.04–1.08). For pathologic upstaging within older men compared with younger, the pooled odds was 1.03 (95% CI 1.01–1.04). Conclusion Thorough consideration of age in the context of effect sizes for other factors not only prompts more accurate risk stratification but also helps providers to select optimal therapies for patients with prostate cancer.

scholarly journals Glutathione S-transferase gene polymorphisms and risk of nasal or colorectal polyposis

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonglan Zhang ◽  
Haichao Zhang ◽  
Peng Lin ◽  
Guimin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Colorectal Polyposis ◽  
Transferase Gene ◽  
Online Databases ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Gstp1 Ile105val

Abstract We observed inconsistent conclusions regarding the genetic role of glutathione S-transferase gene polymorphisms, including glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1), glutathione S-transferase T1 (GSTT1) present/null, and glutathione S-transferase pi (GSTP1) Ile105Val polymorphisms, in the susceptibility to nasal or colorectal polyposis (NP or CP). Thus, we aimed to perform a meta-analysis to comprehensively evaluate this association by applying Stata/SE software. After the heterogeneity assumption, Mantel–Haenszel statistics were used to obtain the odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (95% CI) and P-value of the association test (PA). We obtained a total of 235 articles by searching online databases. After screening, ten eligible case–control studies were finally enrolled in our meta-analysis. For the meta-analysis of the GSTT1 gene under present versus null, we observed a decreased risk of NP [OR = 0.65; PA=0.018], but not CP. In addition, we did not detect any evident association between the GSTM1 present/null polymorphism and NP or CP risk. For the meta-analysis of the GSTP1 Ile105Val polymorphism, compared with controls, an increased risk of NP cases was detected under the models of Val versus Ile (OR = 1.36; PA=0.027), Ile/Val versus Ile/Ile (OR = 1.70; PA=0.011) and Ile/Val+Val/Val versus Ile/Ile (OR = 1.65; PA=0.010). In conclusion, the null genotype of the GSTT1 polymorphism may be linked to an increased susceptibility to NP, whereas the Ile/Val genotype of the GSTP1 Ile105Val polymorphism may be associated with a decreased risk of NP.

scholarly journals Association of Five Snps in Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen 4 and Cancer Susceptibility: Evidence from 67 Studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 414-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Fang ◽  
Wencheng Huang ◽  
Dan Mo ◽  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Rongyong Huang
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Cancer Susceptibility ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
Cancer Type ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Pancreatic Cancers ◽  
Increased Risk

Background/Aims: CTLA-4 polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to various cancers, but the results are often conflicting. Hence, we performed a comprehensive meta-analysis to quantitatively investigate the association between CTLA-4 polymorphisms (rs231775, rs4553808，rs5742909, rs3087243 or rs733618) and cancer risk. Methods: Data were collected from PubMed and Web of Science. A total of 67 case-control studies were selected for quantitative analysis. Stata (Version 12) software was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) to evaluate the strength of the associations. Subgroup meta-analysis was conducted based on ethnicity and cancer type. Heterogeneity tests, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias assessments were also performed. Results: rs231775, rs4553808 and rs5742909 but not rs3087243 and rs733618 were significantly related to cancer risk. In analyses stratified by ethnicity, both rs231775 and rs4553808 were significant susceptibility polymorphisms in an Asian population but not in a Caucasian population. Moreover, there were stronger associations between the rs231775 polymorphism and increased risk of bone, breast, liver, head and neck and pancreatic cancers. Additionally, rs4553808 was associated with significantly increased susceptibility to breast cancer and head and neck cancer. Conclusion: rs231775, rs4553808 and rs5742909 may be used as predictive genetic biomarkers for cancer predisposition. Combined detection of CTLA-4 SNPs could be a useful tool for prediction of cancer susceptibility in clinical practice.

scholarly journals The Association between PON1 (Q192R and L55M) Gene Polymorphisms and Risk of Cancer: A Meta-Analysis Based on 43 Studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaolan Pan ◽  
Lei Huang ◽  
Meiqin Li ◽  
Dan Mo ◽  
Yihua Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Cancer Type ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Q192R and L55M polymorphism were considered to be associated with the development of multiple cancers. Nevertheless, the results of these researches were inconclusive and controversial. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis of all eligible case-control studies to assess the association between PON1 (Q192R and L55M) gene polymorphisms and risk of cancer. With the STATA 14.0 software, we evaluated the strength of the association by using the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A total of 43 case-control publications 19887 cases and 23842 controls were employed in our study. In all genetic models, a significant association between PON1-L55M polymorphisms and overall cancer risk was observed. Moreover, in the stratified analyses by cancer type, polymorphism of PON1-L55M played a risk factor in the occurrence of breast cancer, hematologic cancer, and prostate cancer. Similarly, an increased risk was observed in the Caucasian and Asian population as well as hospital-based group and population-based group. For PON1-Q192R polymorphisms, in the stratified analyses by cancer type, PON1-Q192R allele was associated with reduced cancer risks in breast cancer. Furthermore, for racial stratification, there was a reduced risk of cancer in recession model in Caucasian population. Similarly, in the stratification analysis of control source, the overall risk of cancer was reduced in the heterozygote comparison and dominant model in the population-based group. In conclusion, PON1-Q192R allele decreased the cancer risk especially breast cancer; there was an association between PON1-L55M allele and increased overall cancer risk. However, we need a larger sample size, well-designed in future and at protein levels to confirm these findings.

scholarly journals Human papillomavirus is the cause of human prostate cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4-s) ◽  
pp. 577-588
Author(s):  
Ilija Barukčić
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Human Prostate ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
P Value ◽  
Human Prostate Cancer ◽  
Effect Relationship ◽  
Pubmed Database

Objective: The aim of the present meta-analysis study is to investigate whether human papillomavirus (HPV) serves as a cause or as the cause of human prostate cancer (PC).   Methods: The PubMed database was searched for suitable articles. Previously published expert reviews and systematic meta-analysis were used as an additional source to identify appropriate articles. Articles selected for this meta-analysis should fulfill the following inclusion criteria: (a) no data access barrier, (b) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) DNA based identification of HPV. The method of the conditio sine qua non relationship was used to prove the hypotheses whether being married is a necessary condition (a conditio sine qua non) of PC. In other words, without being married no PC. The method of the conditio per quam relationship (sufficient condition) was used to prove the hypotheses if HPV is present in human prostate tissues then PC is present too. The mathematical formula of the causal relationship k was used to prove the hypothesis, whether there is a cause effect relationship between HPV and PC. Significance was indicated by a p-value (two sided) of less than 0.05. Results: In to more than 33 studies were considered for a meta-analysis. Several studies support the hypotheses without being married no PC. All the studies considered for a re-analysis support the null-hypotheses if HPV then PC, while the cause effect relationship between HPV and PC was highly significant. Conclusions: HPV is the cause of PC. Keywords: Human papillomavirus, prostate cancer, causality

scholarly journals Exploring the Relationship between Biologics and Postoperative Surgical Morbidity in Ulcerative Colitis: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 710
Author(s):  
Abel Botelho Quaresma ◽  
Fernanda da Silva Barbosa Baraúna ◽  
Fábio Vieira Teixeira ◽  
Rogério Saad-Hossne ◽  
Paulo Gustavo Kotze
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Evaluation ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Surgical Morbidity ◽  
Randomized Studies ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

Background: With the paradigm shift related to the overspread use of biological agents in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), several questions emerged from the surgical perspective. Whether the use of biologicals would be associated with higher rates of postoperative complications in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients still remains controversial. Aims: We aimed to analyze the literature, searching for studies that correlated postoperative complications and preoperative exposure to biologics in UC patients, and synthesize these data qualitatively in order to check the possible impact of biologics on postoperative surgical morbidity in this population. Methods: Included studies were identified by electronic search in the PUBMED database according to the PRISMA (Preferred Items of Reports for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guidelines. The quality and bias assessments were performed by MINORS (methodological index for non-randomized studies) criteria for non-randomized studies. Results: 608 studies were initially identified, 22 of which were selected for qualitative evaluation. From those, 19 studies (17 retrospective and two prospective) included preoperative anti-TNF. Seven described an increased risk of postoperative complications, and 12 showed no significant increase postoperative morbidity. Only three studies included surgical UC patients with previous use of vedolizumab, two retrospective and one prospective, all with no significant correlation between the drug and an increase in postoperative complication rates. Conclusions: Despite conflicting results, most studies have not shown increased complication rates after abdominal surgical procedures in patients with UC with preoperative exposure to biologics. Further prospective studies are needed to better establish the impact of preoperative biologics and surgical complications in UC.

scholarly journals Association between early bronchiolitis and the development of childhood asthma: a meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. e043956
Author(s):  
Guizuo Wang ◽  
Dong Han ◽  
Zhengdong Jiang ◽  
Manxiang Li ◽  
Shumei Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Registration Number

ObjectiveEarly life bronchiolitis has been hypothesised to be associated with the subsequent risk of persistent wheezing or asthma. However, the link remains controversial. The objective of our study was to evaluate the association between bronchiolitis before 2 years of age and the late-onset wheezing/asthma.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.MethodsPubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases were systematically searched for studies published between 1955 and January 2020. Meanwhile, we also checked through the reference lists of relevant articles to see whether these references included reports of other studies that might be eligible for the review. Cohort and case–control studies assessing the association between early-life bronchiolitis and late-onset wheezing/asthma were included in this meta-analysis. Data were extracted by two independent reviewers. Results were pooled using a random-effects model or fixed-effects model according to the heterogeneity among studies.Results32 original articles with 292 844 participants, which met the criteria, were included in this meta-analysis. Bronchiolitis before 2 years of age was associated with an increased risk of subsequent wheezing/asthma (relative risk=2.46, 95% CI 2.14 to 2.82, p<0.001). After categorising studies into different groups based on age at the end of follow-up, geographical region and study quality, the association still remained significant.ConclusionsThe meta-analysis indicates an association between bronchiolitis before 2 years of age and the wheezing/asthma in later life. Well-designed and highly standardised prospective studies that better address bias due to potential confounding factors are needed to validate the risk identified in our meta-analysis.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018089453.

scholarly journals Association of dyslipidemia with the severity and mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanli Liu ◽  
Yilong Pan ◽  
Yuyao Yin ◽  
Wenhao Chen ◽  
Xiaodong Li
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Potential Association ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Language Restriction ◽  
Newcastle Ottawa Scale

Abstract Background The numbers of confirmed cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and COVID-19 related deaths are still increasing, so it is very important to determine the risk factors of COVID-19. Dyslipidemia is a common complication in patients with COVID-19, but the association of dyslipidemia with the severity and mortality of COVID-19 is still unclear. The aim of this study is to analyze the potential association of dyslipidemia with the severity and mortality of COVID-19. Methods We searched the PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library databases for all relevant studies up to August 24, 2020. All the articles published were retrieved without language restriction. All analysis was performed using Stata 13.1 software and Mantel–Haenszel formula with fixed effects models was used to compare the differences between studies. The Newcastle Ottawa scale was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Results Twenty-eight studies involving 12,995 COVID-19 patients were included in the meta-analysis, which was consisted of 26 cohort studies and 2 case–control studies. Dyslipidemia was associated with the severity of COVID-19 (odds ratio [OR] = 1.27, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.11–1.44, P = 0.038, I2 = 39.8%). Further, patients with dyslipidemia had a 2.13-fold increased risk of death compared to patients without dyslipidemia (95% CI 1.84–2.47, P = 0.001, I2 = 66.4%). Conclusions The results proved that dyslipidemia is associated with increased severity and mortality of COVID-19. Therefore, we should monitor blood lipids and administer active treatments in COVID-19 patients with dyslipidemia to reduce the severity and mortality.

scholarly journals PARP1 rs1136410 Val762Ala contributes to an increased risk of overall cancer in the East Asian population: a meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 030006052199295
Author(s):  
Yijuan Xin ◽  
Liu Yang ◽  
Mingquan Su ◽  
Xiaoli Cheng ◽  
Lin Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
Cancer Type ◽  
East Asians ◽  
Asian Populations ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Meta Analyses

Objectives To investigate the association between poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 ( PARP1) rs1136410 Val762Ala and cancer risk in Asian populations, as published findings remain controversial. Methods The PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched, and references of identified studies and reviews were screened, to find relevant studies. Meta-analyses were performed to evaluate the association between PARP1 rs1136410 Val762Ala and cancer risk, reported as odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results A total of 24 studies with 8 926 cases and 15 295 controls were included. Overall, a significant association was found between PARP1 rs1136410 Val762Ala and cancer risk in East Asians (homozygous: OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.06, 1.35; heterozygous: OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.04, 1.17; recessive: OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.02, 1.25; dominant: OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.06, 1.19; and allele comparison: OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.03, 1.15). Stratification analyses by race and cancer type revealed similar results for gastric cancer among the Chinese population. Conclusion The findings suggest that PARP1 rs1136410 Val762Ala may be significantly associated with an increased cancer risk in Asians, particularly the Chinese population.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document