Modification of Rabbit Yarn by Milk Protein Grafting and Cross-Linking

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 155892501501000
Author(s):  
Li Jiali ◽  
Zhang Tonghua ◽  
Cheng Lan ◽  
Guo Min
Keyword(s):  
Milk Protein ◽  
Breaking Strength ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Knitted Fabric ◽  
Grafting Ratio ◽  
Locus Method ◽  
Graft Modification ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Friction Performance

Rabbit yarn was treated by milk protein grafting and cross-linking to improve its abrasion resistance performance and breaking strength. Grafting ratio and washing fastness of the rabbit yarn after graft modification were tested. The surface morphology of the rabbit yarn before and after graft modification was observed by a scanning electron microscope(SEM). The mechanical properties and friction performances of the treated and untreated rabbit yarns were also tested. The treated yarns were utilized to design and weave rabbit hair-knitted fabric. The anti-pilling resistance of the rabbit hair-knitted fabric was tested by circular locus method; the pills were then counted and weighed. The stiffness of the fabric was observed. Results showed that milk protein could obviously be grafted on the fiber surface, resulting in a rougher surface of the treated fabric than that of the untreated ones. The average grafting ratio is 3.701%. The protein retention ratio of the rabbit yarn treated by milk protein grafting and cross-linking is 99.312%. The breaking strength of the rabbit yarn was enhanced and friction performance improved significantly after treatment. The pilling grade of the fabric significantly improved and the stiffness of the fabric was reduced.

scholarly journals Manufacture and Property of Warp-Knitted Fabrics with Polylactic Acid Multifilament

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong Yang ◽  
Wei Zhou ◽  
Pibo Ma
Keyword(s):  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Breaking Strength ◽  
Knitted Fabric ◽  
Knitted Fabrics ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Dyeing Process ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Warp Knitted Fabric ◽  
Different Diameters ◽  
Excellent Color

This study investigates the properties of polylactic acid (PLA) multifilament and its warp-knitted fabrics. Multifilament properties were tested and compared with PET multifilament with different diameters. The 83.3 dtex PLA multifilament was used to knit the fabric, and the fabric properties before and after dyeing were studied. Results showed that the mechanical properties of PLA multifilament were comparable to those of PET. However, PLA had a higher heat shrinkage rate. The dyed PLA warp-knitted fabric has excellent color fastness. Due to the influence of temperature and dye particles during the dyeing process, the breaking strength, air permeability and moisture permeability of the fabric were decreased. On the contrary, the elongation at break, abrasion resistance, anti-pilling properties, drape and crochet value of the fabric were increased.

Parathyroid gland before and after cisplatin treatment

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 860-861
Author(s):  
S.K. Aggarwal ◽  
J.M. Fadool
Keyword(s):  
Parathyroid Gland ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Antitumor Agent ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Primary Mechanism ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Dna Strands

Cisplatin (CDDP) a potent antitumor agent suffers from severe toxic side effects with nephrotoxicity being the major dose-limiting factor, The primary mechanism of its action has been proposed to be through its cross-linking DNA strands. It has also been shown to inactivate various transport enzymes and induce hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia that may be the underlying cause for some of its toxicities. The present is an effort to study its influence on the parathyroid gland for any hormonal changes that control calcium levels in the body.Male Swiss Wistar rats (Crl: (WI) BR) weighing 200-300 g and of 60 days in age were injected (ip) with cisplatin (7mg/kg in normal saline). The controls received saline injections only. The animals were injected (iv) with calcium (0.5 ml of 10% calcium gluconate/day) and were killed by decapitation on day 1 through 5. Trunk blood was collected in heparinized tubes.

Comparative study of thermoplastic liner materials with regard to mechanical and permeation barrier properties before and after cyclic thermal aging

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-316
Author(s):  
Simon Backens ◽  
Jan Siering ◽  
Stefan Schmidt ◽  
Nikolai Glück ◽  
Wilko Flügge
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Aging ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Polyamide 12 ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Permeation Properties

Abstract Lightweight pressure vessels of type IV for hydrogen storage consist of a thermoplastic inner liner, commonly from polyethylene or polyamide. The liner is the permeation barrier against the compressed gas and must prevent the formation of cracks, also after temperature changes, for example after refueling processes. In the present work high-density polyethylene, cross-linked polyethylene, polyamide 6 and polyamide 12 were characterized by tensile tests, single notch impact tests and permeations measurements before and after a cyclic thermal aging process. The aging only lead to slight changes of mechanical properties due to post-crystallization, but to a significant decrease of permeation properties. This decrease was contributed to weakened, amorphous regions where chain splitting occurred. Considerable differences in properties resulted from different peroxide cross-linking times of polyethylene at the same temperature. A longer holding time at 200 °C led to an improvement in impact strength by a factor of more than three. However, the permeation properties decreased by about 50 %, indicating that peroxide cross-linking in the melt inhibited the formation of crystalline regions.

Study on Hydrophilic Modification of Acrylic Yarn

2014 ◽  
Vol 1061-1062 ◽  
pp. 287-290
Author(s):  
Yin Wang ◽  
Zheng Qin Liu ◽  
Kai Qiang Liu ◽  
Cui Ping Zhang ◽  
Qiu Mei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Cyano Group ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Optimum Process ◽  
Hydrolysis Time ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Hydrophilic Modification ◽  
Orthogonal Experiments ◽  
Naoh Solution

In order to improve the moisture absorption of the acrylic yarn, the acrylic yarn was firstly hydrolyzed in the caustic soda (NaOH) solution to convert the cyano group molecular into hydrophilic group, then the reticulated coatings was formed on fiber surface by chemical crosslink. Furthermore, the effect of the acrylic hydrolysis temperature, NaOH dosage, ethanol, cross-linking agent (CLA) on acrylic affinity for moisture was discussed through the contrast experiments. The best experimental conditions were investigated by the orthogonal experiments, and the optimum process parameters were obtained. The results indicate that under the condition of NaOH concentration of 6%, hydrolysis time of 15 min, temperature of 80°C, and cross-linking agent concentration of 0.09% on weight the yarn (owf), the moisture regain of modified acrylic yarn has increased by 245.4% as compared with that of untreated acrylic yarn and the water absorption has been improved greatly.

scholarly journals Whether Keratectasia Area Shown in Corneal Topography Is Appropriate for Evaluating the Effect of Corneal Cross-Linking for Keratoconus: A 12-Month Follow-Up Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Jia Wang ◽  
Zhiwei Li ◽  
Huankai Zhang ◽  
Ning Gao ◽  
Guoying Mu
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Corneal Topography ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Before And After

Purpose. To analyze the keratectasia area (KEA) shown in corneal topography before and after corneal cross-linking (CXL) in patients with progressive keratoconus (KC) and figure out whether KEA is appropriate for evaluating the effect of CXL. Methods. A retrospective analysis was conducted in 34 eyes from 24 progressive KC patients who have underwent CXL from 2015 to 2017. Area with K-value more than 47D shown in the corneal topography was marked and identified as KEA. Keratometry (K1, K2, and Kmax), KEA, thinnest corneal thickness (TCT), and endothelial cell density (ECD) were evaluated preoperatively or at months 3, 6, and 12 postoperatively. The changes of KEA before and after operation were evaluated. The relation of KEA and other parameters, including Kmax and TCT, was analyzed. Results. Linear regression model revealed the KEA, Kmax, K1, and K2 decreased after CXL in model y = 0.9622 -0.02408 x (P<0.05), y = 0.9982 -0.003469 x(P<0.05), y = 0.9977 + -0.001347 x(P<0.05), y = 0.9992 + -0.001779 x(P<0.05) (y represents KEA, Kmax, K1, or K2; x represents time (month)). The KEA is significantly decreased in early stage (before month 3) (P<0.05); however, the Kmax, K1, and K2 have no significant decrease in early stage (P= 0.09, 0.19, 0.32). Conclusions. The KEA is more sensitive than K-value in describing the morphological changes of cornea after CXL, especially in early stage after treatment.

scholarly journals Synthesis of epoxy resins derivatives of naphthalene-2,7-diol and their cross-linked products

2019 ◽  
Vol 138 (6) ◽  
pp. 4349-4358 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Fila ◽  
M. Gargol ◽  
M. Goliszek ◽  
B. Podkościelna
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflectance ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Total Reflectance ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Epoxy Groups

Abstract The aim of this study was the synthesis of three different epoxy compounds based on naphthalene-2,7-diol (2,7-NAF.EP, 2,7-NAF.WEP, 2,7-NAF.P.EP) and then their cross-linking by triethylenetetramine (TETA). All epoxides were prepared by the reaction of naphthalene-2,7-diol with epichlorohydrin but under different conditions and with other catalysts. The structures of the obtained compounds before and after the cross-linking reactions were confirmed by the attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR/FT-IR). The ATR/FT-IR spectra of cross-linked compounds show disappearance of the C–O–C bands (about 915 cm−1) derived from the epoxy groups. DSC and TG/DTG measurements indicated that the obtained materials possess good thermal resistance; they are stable up to about 250 °C. The hardness of the cross-linked products was determined using the Shore D method. The highest value of hardness was obtained for the 2,7-NAF.EP-POL. Additionally, the UV–Vis absorption spectra of the obtained polymers were registered and evaluated.

Thermo-Mechanical Properties and Tensile Behaviour of Modified LDPE by Radiation Cross-Linking after Temperature Load

2015 ◽  
Vol 752-753 ◽  
pp. 373-377
Author(s):  
Ales Mizera ◽  
Miroslav Manas ◽  
David Manas ◽  
Michal Stanek ◽  
Jan Navratil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Tensile Behaviour ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Radiation Processing ◽  
Temperature Load ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Commercial Method ◽  
New Applications

Radiation processing of polymers is a well-established and economical commercial method of precisely modifying the properties of polymers, especially thermo-mechanical properties. The thermo-mechanical properties and the tensile behaviour of modified LDPE samples by radiation cross-linking were measured at the ambient temperature and after temperature load. The tested samples showed significant changes of tensile behaviour before and after temperature load. From this point of view, new applications could also be seen in areas with service temperatures higher than their former melting point.

Investigation of the Two-Bar Warp-Knitted Fabric Structure Effect on Luster Value

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 155892501400900
Author(s):  
Saeed Ajeli ◽  
Zoleykhah Ahmadvand
Keyword(s):  
Diffuse Reflection ◽  
Specular Reflection ◽  
Knitted Fabric ◽  
Knitted Fabrics ◽  
Fabric Structure ◽  
Measuring Surface ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Dark Color ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Warp Knitted Fabric

Consumer points of view determine economical value of fabrics. Fabric luster plays a momentous role in attracting people's attention, especially for clothing and domestic purposes. Luster is defined by intensity of both specular and diffuse light reflection off of a surface. There are various methods for measuring surface luster. Gloss. Luster is described as the ratio of specular reflection in one angle to diffuse reflection in another angle. Two-bar warp knitted polyester fabrics such as Tricot, Locknit, Satin, reverse Locknit and Sharkskin in three different densities were provided. A mini gloss apparatus was applied to measure fabric specular reflection in the angle of sixty degrees, before and after disperse dying with different colors of white, blue and yellow. Results suggest that luster is a function of knitted fabric type, color and density. Enhancement of technical back luster resulted from longer underlap of the front bar. However, it did not change the technical face luster significantly. Density increased in all knitted fabrics and caused the luster to decrease. Dark color fabrics showed lower luster compared to light ones.

Tensile Behaviour and Temperature Stability of Modified HDPE by Radiation Cross-Linking after Temperature Load

2015 ◽  
Vol 752-753 ◽  
pp. 337-341
Author(s):  
Ales Mizera ◽  
Miroslav Manas ◽  
David Manas ◽  
Michal Stanek ◽  
Jan Navratil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Stability ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Tensile Behaviour ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Radiation Processing ◽  
Temperature Load ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Commercial Method ◽  
3D Scans ◽  
New Applications

Radiation processing of polymers is a well-established and economical commercial method of precisely modifying the properties of polymers, especially temperature stability. The tensile behaviour of modified HDPE samples by radiation cross-linking were measured at the ambient and after temperature load. Sample 3D scans were made and investigated before and after temperature load. The tested samples showed significant changes of temperature stability. From this point of view, new applications could also be seen in areas with service temperatures higher than their former melting point.

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