scholarly journals Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activities of the Sesquiterpene Lactones Cnicin and Onopordopicrin

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1100600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra M. Bach ◽  
Mario A. Fortuna ◽  
Rodgoun Attarian ◽  
Juliana T. de Trimarco ◽  
César A. N. Catalán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
High Cytotoxicity

The antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of chloroform extracts from the weeds Centaurea tweediei and C. diffusa, and the main sesquiterpene lactones isolated from these species, onopordopicrin and cnicin, respectively, were assayed. Results show that the chloroform extracts from both Centaurea species possess antibacterial activities against a panel of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Remarkable antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was also measured. Both the extracts and the purified sesquiterpene lactones show high cytotoxicity against human-derived macrophages. Despite this cytotoxicity, C. diffusa chloroform extract and cnicin are attractive candidates for evaluation as antibiotics in topical preparations against skin-associated pathogens.

Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of Macrophomina phaseolina isolated from gummosis infected citrus reticulata

2013 ◽  
pp. 125-133
Author(s):  
Rubal C Das ◽  
Rajib Banik ◽  
Robiul Hasan Bhuiyan ◽  
Md Golam Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Citrus Reticulata ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative

Macrophomina phaseolina is one of the pathogenic organisms of gummosis disease of orange tree (Citrus reticulata). The pathogen was identified from the observation of their colony size, shape, colour, mycelium, conidiophore, conidia, hyaline, spore, and appressoria in the PDA culture. The crude chloroform extracts from the organism showed antibacterial activity against a number of Gram positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The crude chloroform extract also showed promising antifungal activity against three species of the genus Aspergillus. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the crude chloroform extract from M. phaseolina against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Shigella sonnie were 128 ?gm, 256 ?gm, 128 ?gm and 64 ?gm/ml respectively. The LD50 (lethal dose) values of the cytotoxicity assay over brine shrimp of the crude chloroform extract from M. phaseolina was found to be 51.79 ?gm/ml. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cujbs.v5i1.13378 The Chittagong Univ. J. B. Sci.,Vol. 5(1 &2):125-133, 2010

Morpholine- and Thiomorpholine-Based Amidodithiophosphonato Nickel Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization, P–N Cleavage, Antibacterial Activity and Silica Nano-Dispersion

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 2879-2891
Author(s):  
Enrico Podda ◽  
M. Carla Aragoni ◽  
Massimiliano Arca ◽  
Giulia Atzeni ◽  
Simon J. Coles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Nickel Complex ◽  
Nickel Complexes ◽  
Silica Matrix ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The reactivity of thiomorpholinium P-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-thiomorpholin-amidodithiophosphonate (S-MorH+2)(S-Mor-adtp−) and morpholinium P-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-morpholin-amidodithiophosphonate (O-MorH+2)(O-Mor-adtp−) towards nickel (II) dichloride hexahydrated is presented and the hydrolysis of the relevant metal complexes investigated. The hydrolytic products (S-MorH+2)2 [Ni(dtp)2]2− and (O-MorH+2)2[Ni(dtp)2]2− were characterized by means of FT-IR, 1H, and 31P NMR and XRD and the experimented P–N cleavage investigated and elucidated by means of DFT calculations. The antimicrobial activity of the neutral nickel complex [Ni(S-Mor-adtp)2] was tested against a set of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria alongside with its nanodispersion in a silica matrix. The complex [Ni(S-Mor-adtp)2] did not show antibacterial activity, whilst the nano-dispersed sample [Ni(S-Mor-adtp)2]_SiO2 demonstrated inhibition to growth of Staphylococcus aureus. The nanocomposites were fully characterized by means of XRPD, TGA, SEM and dinitrogen sorption techniques.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of the Essential Oil of Espeletia nana

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1200700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis Peña ◽  
Luis Rojas ◽  
Rosa Aparicio ◽  
Libia Alarcón ◽  
José Gregorio Baptista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

The essential oil of the leaves of Espeletia nana Cuatrec, obtained by hydrodistillation, was analyzed by GC-MS, which allowed the identification of 24 components, which made up 99.9% of the oil. The most abundant compounds were α-pinene (38.1%), β-pinene (17.2%), myrcene (15.0%), spathulenol (4.2%), bicyclogermacrene (4.0%), α-zingiberene (4.0%), and γhimachalene (3.7%). Antibacterial activity was tested against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria using the agar disk diffusion method. Activity was observed only against Gram-positive bacteria. MIC values were determined for Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923(200 μg/mL) and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 (600 μg/mL).

Antibacterial Activity and Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil of Grammosciadium platycarpum Boiss. from Iran

2005 ◽  
Vol 60 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 30-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Sonboli ◽  
Fereshteh Eftekhar ◽  
Morteza Yousefzadi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Kanani
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Two Samples

The chemical composition of the essential oils obtained from two samples (GP1 and GP2) of Grammosciadium platycarpum Boiss. was analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The analysis of the oils resulted in the identification of twenty-two constituents. Linalool (79.0% - GP1, 81.8% - GP2) and limonene (10.0%, 5.8%) were found to be the major components, respectively. The in vitro antibacterial activities of these oils and their main compounds against seven Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were investigated. The results exhibited that the total oils and their major components possess strong to moderate activities against all the tested bacteria except for Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Protein expression profiles in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) under effects of subminimal inhibitory concentrations of imipenem

2019 ◽  
Vol 366 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jichun Wang ◽  
Junrui Wang ◽  
Yanyan Wang ◽  
Peng Sun ◽  
Xiaohui Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

ABSTRACT Imipenem is a beta-lactam antibiotic mainly active against gram-negative bacterial pathogens and also could cause cell wall impairment in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA). However, related antibacterial mechanisms of imipenem on MRSA and mixed infections of MRSA and gram-negative bacteria are relatively poorly revealed. This study was to identify proteins in the MRSA response to subminimal inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) of imipenem treatment. Our results showed that 240 and 58 different expression proteins (DEPs) in sub-MICs imipenem-treated S3 (a standard MRSA strain) and S23 (a clinical MRSA strain) strains were identified through the isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation method when compared with untreated S3 and S23 strains, respectively, which was further confirmed by multiple reactions monitoring. Our result also demonstrated that expressions of multiple DEPs involved in cellular proliferation, metabolism and virulence were significantly changed in S3 and S23 strains, which was proved by gene ontology annotations and qPCR analysis. Further, transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy analysis showed cell wall deficiency, cell lysis and abnormal nuclear mitosis on S23 strain. Our study provides important information for understanding the antibacterial mechanisms of imipenem on MRSA and for better usage of imipenem on patients co-infected with MRSA and other multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria.

Antibacterial Activity of Amine-Functionalized Zeolite NaY against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC6538 and Escherichia coli ATCC11229

2015 ◽  
Vol 761 ◽  
pp. 402-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Aishah Mohd Hanim ◽  
Nik Ahmad Nizam Nik Malek ◽  
Zaharah Ibrahim ◽  
Mashitah Mad Salim ◽  
Nur Isti'anah Ramli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Zeolite Nay ◽  
Amine Functionalized ◽  
Diffusion Technique

The antibacterial activity of functionalized zeolite NaY (CBV100) with different concentrations of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) (0.01, 0.05, 0.20 and 0.40 M) was studied against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 (Gram positive) and Escherichia coli ATCC 11229 (Gram negative) through disc diffusion technique (DDT). The characterization of functionalized zeolite NaY with fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy indicated the attachment of APTES on zeolite NaY. Through DDT, the inhibition zone of functionalized zeolite NaY increased proportionally to the amount of the amine-functional group attached onto zeolite NaY. Functionalized zeolite NaY showed higher antibacterial activity against Gram-positive compared to Gram-negative bacteria. It can be concluded from this study that amine-functionalized zeolite NaY shows evidence of antibacterial activities.

Berberine sulfate: antimicrobial activity, bioassay, and mode of action

1969 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 1067-1076 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Amin ◽  
T. V. Subbaiah ◽  
K. M. Abbasi
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Deoxyribonucleic Acid ◽  
Test Organism ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Rna And Protein Synthesis ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Berberine sulfate was shown to possess antimicrobial activity against a wide variety of microorganisms including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, fungi, and protozoa. The antibacterial activity against Vibrio cholerae and Staphylococcus aureus was dependent on the inoculum size of the test organism and pH of the medium. A method of microbiological assay sensitive to 5–10 μg/ml of the drug was developed. The drug was shown to exert a more rapid antibacterial activity than chloramphenicol and tetracycline on V. cholerae, the K values being 2.4 ×10−2 sec−1, 7.8 × 10−3 sec−1, and 5.2 × 10−3 sec−1 respectively. Berberine sulfate was shown to be bacteriocidal to V. cholerae and bacteriostatic to S. aureus, at concentrations of 35 and 50 μg/ml. In both these organisms concentrations of 35 and 50 μg/ml of the drug inhibited ribonucleic acid (RNA) and protein synthesis almost immediately after the addition of the drug. There was little effect on deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis at these concentrations.

scholarly journals Adult Native Joint Septic Arthritis: A Nine-Year Retrospective Analysis in a Portuguese University Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Cipriano ◽  
Fábio Videira Santos ◽  
Rita Dias ◽  
André Carvalho ◽  
Ernestina Reis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Septic Arthritis ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Empirical Treatment ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanate

Introduction: Septic arthritis of a native joint represents a medical emergency. Drainage and effective antibiotic treatment are critical to avoid joint destruction and long-term impairment. The aim of this study was to evaluate epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with the diagnosis of septic arthritis to help establish local guidelines for empirical antibiotic treatment.Material and Methods: Retrospective analysis of adult patients admitted at Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto from 2009 to 2017 with suspected native joint septic arthritis. Relevant demographics, microbiology findings and respective antibiotic susceptibilities were analysed.Results: Ninety-seven patients, predominantly males (59.8%) with a median age of 61 years old were included. The most commonly reported comorbidity associated with septic arthritis was diabetes mellitus (20.6%). The knee was the most commonly affected joint (71.1%). Arthrocentesis was performed in all patients, but only 50.5% had positive microbial growth in the synovial fluid. Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequently identified microorganism, 86% of which were methicillin susceptible. Gram-negative bacteria were the causative agent in 15% of cases. A wide range of empirical antibiotic regimens were prescribed with a combination of vancomycin/carbapenem being the most common (30.9%). Analysis of antibiotic susceptibility profiles revealed that amoxicillin/clavulanate would have been appropriate as the initial regimen in 89% of cases.Discussion: The main causative pathogen was Staphylococcus aureus, with methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus remaining rare. The proportion of Gram-negative bacteria implies that these agents should be covered by empirical treatment, although no case of Pseudomonas infection has been identified. Therefore, antipseudomonal coverage is not necessary in empirical regimens.Conclusion: Routine coverage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa is not warranted but must be considered when specific risk factors are found. Amoxicillin/clavulanate can provide adequate antibiotic coverage as an empirical treatment for adult native joint septic arthritis. Its use may allow a reduction in use of broader spectrum antibiotics.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress and Antimicrobial Activity of Chromium(III) and Ruthenium(II) Complexes onStaphylococcus aureusandEscherichia coli

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulina L. Páez ◽  
Claudia M. Bazán ◽  
María E. Bongiovanni ◽  
Judith Toneatto ◽  
Inés Albesa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Diimine Ligands

The prevalence of antibiotic resistance has resulted in the need for new approaches to be developed to combat previously easily treatable infections. The main aim of this work was to establish the potential of the syntheticα-diimine chromium(III) and ruthenium(II) complexes (where theα-diimine ligands are bpy = 2,2-bipyridine, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, and dppz = dipyrido[3,2-a:2′,3′-c]-phenazine) like [Cr(phen)3]3+, [Cr(phen)2(dppz)]3+, [Ru(phen)3]2+, and [Ru(bpy)3]2+as antibacterial agents by generating oxidative stress. The [Cr(phen)3]3+and [Cr(phen)2(dppz)]3+complexes showed activity against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 0.125 μg/mL to 1 μg/mL, while [Ru(phen)3]2+and [Ru(bpy)3]2+do not exhibit antimicrobial activity against the two bacterial genera studied at the concentration range used. When ciprofloxacin was combined with [Cr(phen)3]3+for the inhibition ofStaphylococcus aureusandEscherichia coli, an important synergistic effect was observed, FIC 0.066 forS. aureusand FIC 0.064 forE. coli. The work described here shows that chromium(III) complexes are bactericidal forS. aureusandE. coli. Our results indicate thatα-diimine chromium(III) complexes may be interesting to open new paths for metallodrug chemotherapy against different bacterial genera since some of these complexes have been found to exhibit remarkable antibacterial activities.

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