scholarly journals HPLC Analysis, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory and Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activity of Cudrania tricuspidata

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1501001
Author(s):  
Shivraj Hariram Nile ◽  
Doo Hwan Kim
Keyword(s):  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Diene Conjugate ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Cudrania Tricuspidata ◽  
Free Radical Formation ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Cudrania tricuspidata is a plant used in folk medicine in Korea for treatment of diseases related to oxidative stress and inflammation. In this study the leaf and shoot extract was studied for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activities. The extract with predominant phenolics was quantified using HPLC-DAD. Antioxidant activity was measured using ABTS [2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and FRAP (ferric ion reducing antioxidant power), and anti-inflammatory activity by diene-conjugate and β-glucuronidase assays. The average antioxidant effects of C. tricuspidata extracts (1–2 mg/mL) revealed significant activity of 32.5% to 50.2% (ABTS) and 24.2 to 40.5% (FRAP) compared with Trolox, having 55.1% (ABTS) and 42.6% (FRAP) activity, respectively. The anti-inflammatory activities showed as 26.5% to 40.5% (DC) and 40.2% to 70.2% (βG) inhibition compared with the control {phenylbutazone; 42.1% (DC) and 80.2% (βG) inhibition, respectively}. The XO inhibitory activity of the plant extract revealed 90.5% inhibition of that of the control (allopurinol) (97% inhibition at 100 μg/mL concentration). The kinetic parameters of XO inhibition revealed a noncompetitive type of inhibition, where, K m and V max of C. tricuspidata extracts (25 to 100 μg/mL) were 0.25 mM/mL and 0.040, 0.036, 0.032, and 0.030 (μg/min), while for the positive control K m and V max the values were 0.30 mM/mL and 0.045 (μg/min), respectively. Results suggest that C. tricuspidata can be exploited against diseases associated with free radical formation and xanthine oxidase activity.

scholarly journals In Vitro Anti-inflammatory and Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activity of Tephrosia purpurea Shoot Extract

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1100601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shivraj H. Nile ◽  
Chandrahasy N. Khobragade
Keyword(s):  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Diene Conjugate ◽  
Tephrosia Purpurea ◽  
Oxidase Enzyme ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The methanolic extract of Tephrosia purpurea (Leguminosae) shoots was evaluated in-vitro for its anti-inflammatory and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity. Anti-inflammatory activity was measured by the Diene-conjugate, HET-CAM and β-glucuronidase methods. The enzyme inhibitory activity was tested against isolated cow milk xanthine oxidase. The average anti-inflammatory activity of T. purpurea shoot extract in the concentration range of 1-2 μg/mL in the reacting system revealed significant anti-inflammatory activities, which, as recorded by the Diene-conjugate, HET-CAM and β-glucuronidase assay methods, were 45.4, 10.5, and 70.5%, respectively. Screening of the xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity of the extract in terms of kinetic parameters revealed a mixed type of inhibition, wherein the Km and Vmax values in the presence of 25 to 100 μg/mL shoot extract was 0.20 mM/mL and 0.035, 0.026, 0.023 and 0.020 μg/min, while, for the positive control, the Km and Vmax values were 0.21 mM/mL and 0.043 μg/min, respectively. These findings suggest that T. purpurea shoot extract may possess constituents with good medicinal properties that could be exploited to treat the diseases associated with oxidative stress, xanthine oxidase enzyme activity and inflammation.

Diterpenes from Euphorbia myrsinites and Their Anti-inflammatory Property

Planta Medica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Grauso ◽  
Bruna de Falco ◽  
Giuseppe Lucariello ◽  
Raffaele Capasso ◽  
Virginia Lanzotti
Keyword(s):  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Relative Configuration ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Diterpene Alcohol

Abstract Euphorbia myrsinites is one of the oldest spurges described and used in folk medicine. It is characterized by blue-grey stems similar to myrtle, and it is spread in the Mediterranean region, Asia, and the USA. Chemical analysis of E. myrsinites collected in Turkey afforded the isolation of 4 diterpenes based on the so-called myrsinane skeleton being tetraesters of the tetracyclic diterpene alcohol myrsinol. In this study, the phytochemical analysis of this species collected in Italy has been undertaken to afford the isolation of a new atisane diterpene, named myrsatisane, 3 ingenol derivatives, along with the 4 tetraester derivatives previously found. A triterpene compound based on the euphane skeleton has also been isolated. Structural elucidation of the new myrsatisane was based on spectroscopic techniques, including HR-MS and 1- and 2-dimensional NMR experiments. Its relative configuration was determined by NOE correlations, while absolute stereochemistry was obtained by quantum-mechanical DFT studies. While diterpenes with the atisane skeleton are relatively common in Euphorbia species, this is the first report of an atisane diterpene from E. myrsinites. All the isolated terpenes were tested for anti-inflammatory activity on J774A.1 macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide by evaluation of nitrite and pro-inflammatory cytokine Il-1β levels. Among tested compounds, the 3 ingenol diterpenes exhibited a dose-dependent (0.001 – 3 µM) significant activity, thus showing their potential as anti-inflammatory drug candidates.

scholarly journals UFLC-MS-IT-TOF and Bioassay Guided Isolation of Flavonoids as Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors from Diospyros dumetorum

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701201
Author(s):  
Zhen-Tao Deng ◽  
Tong-Hua Yang ◽  
Xiao-Yan Huang ◽  
Xing-Long Chen ◽  
Jian-Gang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Active Constituents ◽  
Structure Activity Relationships ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Pulmonary Abscess ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors

Diospyros dumetorum is an important folk medicine for treating pulmonary abscess and inflammation. The leaves of D. dumetorum revealed xanthine oxidase (XOD) inhibitory activity. With the guidance of UFLC-MS-IT-TOF analyses combined with bioassay in vitro, 15 flavonoids were isolated from the active parts of D. dumetorum. Except for 11 (IC50 > 200μM), all compounds showed obvious XOD inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 32.5 ± 0.7 ~ 145.0 ± 3.3 μM. The preliminary structure-activity relationships study suggested that glycosylation on C-3 was unfavorable for XOD inhibitory activity; hydroxyl groups on ring B were essential for maintaining activity; the activity was closely related with the position of galloylation. This is the first recognition of the XOD inhibitory activity and active constituents of D. dumetorum, and will provide valuable information for this plant as a new resource for treating hyperuricemia and gout.

scholarly journals Anti-acne vulgaris effect including skin barrier improvement and 5α-reductase inhibition by tellimagrandin I from Carpinus tschonoskii

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Yin ◽  
In Hyoek Hwang ◽  
Min Won Lee
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Skin Barrier Function ◽  
Rat Liver Microsomes ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Inhibitory Activities ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Background Carpinus tschonoskii (CT) has been previously studied for various activities in the improvement of skin diseases. In the present study, we examined the in vitro anti-acne vulgaris (AV) effect of CT leaves (CTL) and tellimagrandin I (TI), one of the main ellagitannins from CT, including skin barrier improvement and 5α-reductase inhibitory activity. Methods To test the anti-AV activities of CTL and TI, firstly, anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities including DPPH radical scavenging activity, nitric oxide (NO) inhibitory activity, and cytokines [interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8] were tested. Skin barrier improvement experiments were tested using developing cornified envelope (CE) formation, and filaggrin mRNA expression level was determined by RT-PCR. The 5α-reductase inhibitory activity was determined by measuring the testosterone levels in rat liver microsomes. Results CTL and TI showed potent anti-oxidative activity and anti-inflammatory activities. Especially, the cytokine production inhibitory activities of TI were found to be similar to the positive control, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). CTL and TI enhanced the CE formation and filaggrin mRNA expression levels and showed potent activities compared to that in the positive control, 1.5 mM Ca2+. In additionally, CTL and TI showed 5α-reductase inhibitory activities in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion The results showed that CTL and TI inhibit AV endogenous factors such as 5α-reductase and inflammatory cytokines and affect exogenous factors such as developing skin barrier function (CE and filaggrin levels). Therefore, CTL and TI may be plant-derived agent, promising in the treatment of acne vulgaris.

scholarly journals Synthesis of some New Azo Compounds of Salicylic Acid Derivatives and Determination of their In vitro Anti-inflammatory Activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 870-876
Author(s):  
Husam Hamza Salman ◽  
Huda Salih Abood ◽  
Usama Hamid Ramadhan
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Azo Compounds ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Diazo Coupling ◽  
Salicylic Acid Derivatives ◽  
Stability Method ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

This study included the preparation of a series of some new azo compounds by diazo coupling aromatic amines with salicylic acid derivatives. The prepared compounds identified using precise elemental analysis (C.H.N.), the results supported the structure of concerned compounds. The synthesized azo compounds also identified by using infrared spectroscopy and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Anti-inflammatory activity of the compounds were determined in-vitro by human red blood cell (HRBC) membrane stability method, the compounds showed a significant activity to protection of the cell membrane. Other compounds show moderate to low activity, sodium diclofenac was used as positive control.

scholarly journals ANTI-INFLAMMATORY, ANALGESIC AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF HYDRO-ACETONIC EXTRACT FROM WISSADULA AMPLISSIMA VAR. ROSTRATA (SHUM. AND THONN.) R. E. FRIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Emmanuel A. M. Thiombiano ◽  
Noufou Ouedraogo ◽  
Martin Kiendrebeogo ◽  
Marius Lompo
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Aluminium Chloride ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Analgesic Activities

Objective: The present study aims to investigate anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antioxidant effects of the hydroacetonic extract (HAE) from Wissadula amplissima whole plant and to determine its polyphenol and flavonoid contents.Methods: Extraction was achieved by soaking defatted W. amplissima with aqueous acetone solvent. Acute toxicity and pharmacological investigations were performed per os and intraperitoneally on Naval Medical Research Institute (NMRI) mice. The carrageenan-induced paw edema and the acetic acid-induced writhing tests were used to assess the in vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. Inhibition of xanthine oxidase and lipoxygenase were carried out in vitro using endpoint spectrophotometric assays at 295 nm and 234 nm. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP), lipid peroxidation and desoxyribose degradation assays were used to point out antioxidant activities of extract. Aluminium chloride colorimetric method was used to determine total flavonoids content when and total phenolic content was measured by the method Folin-ciocalteu reagent.Results: W. amplissima’s HAE exhibited a slight acute toxicity with no lethality observed. Significant (p<0.05) anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities were recorded as well as strong inhibitory activities on lipoxygenase and xanthine oxidase. W. amplissima’s HAE also demonstrated interesting antioxidant activities particularly in preventing lipid peroxidation. Polyphenol and flavonoid contents were respectively estimated to 64.33±1.34 mg Gallic Acid Equivalent (GAE) and 35.17±0.77 mg Quercetin Equivalent (QE) per 100 mg of W. amplissima’s HAE.Conclusion: HAE of W. amplissima exhibited a promising anti-inflammatory and analgesic potential compared to the reference (acetylsalicylic acid, Hydrocortisone, paracetamol) and regarding the inhibition of lipoxygenase and lipid peroxidation. The anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities seem to be related to the antioxidant and enzymes inhibitors compounds of the plant extract. 

scholarly journals IN VITRO ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF 4-BENZYLPIPERIDINE

2016 ◽  
pp. 108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayashree V ◽  
Bagyalakshmi S ◽  
Manjula Devi K ◽  
Richard Daniel D
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Protein Denaturation ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Dose Dependent

<p>ABSTRACT<br />Objective: To study the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of 4-benzylpiperidine.<br />Methods: This study was conducted to evaluate the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of 4-benzylpiperidine using in vitro models such as inhibition<br />of albumin denaturation and proteinase inhibitory activity.<br />Results: This study revealed the dose-dependent inhibition of protein denaturation and proteinase inhibitory activity by 4-benzylpiperidine.<br />Conclusion: In the present study, results indicate that the 4-benzylpiperidine possess anti-inflammatory properties. The drug inhibited the heat<br />induced albumin denaturation and proteinase inhibitory activity. It shows dose-dependent significant activity when compared with a standard drug.<br />Hence, this study gives an idea that the 4-benzylpiperidine can be used as a lead compound for designing a potent anti-inflammatory drug which can<br />be used to cure inflammation.<br />Keywords: Anti-inflammatory activity, 4-Benzylpiperidine, Protein denaturation, Proteinase inhibitory activity.</p>

scholarly journals Ethanol Extract of Cudrania tricuspidata Leaf Ameliorates Hyperuricemia in Mice via Inhibition of Hepatic and Serum Xanthine Oxidase Activity

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung-Hui Song ◽  
Dae-Hun Park ◽  
Min-Suk Bae ◽  
Chul-Yung Choi ◽  
Jung-Hyun Shim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Cudrania Tricuspidata ◽  
Active Constituents

Cudrania tricuspidata Bureau (Moraceae) (CT) is a dietary and medicinal plant distributed widely in Northeast Asia. There have been no studies on the effect of CT and/or its active constituents on in vivo xanthine oxidase (XO) activity, hyperuricemia, and gout. The aim of this study was to investigate XO inhibitory and antihyperuricemic effects of the ethanol extract of CT leaf (CTLE) and its active constituents in vitro and in vivo. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses were used to determine a chemical profile of CTLE. XO inhibitory and antihyperuricemic effects of CTLE given orally (30 and 100 mg/kg per day for 1 week) were examined in potassium oxonate-induced hyperuricemic ICR mice. CTLE exhibited XO inhibitory activity in vitro with an IC50 of 368.2 μg/mL, significantly reduced serum uric acid levels by approximately 2-fold (7.9 nM in normal mice; 3.8 nM in 30 mg/kg CTLE; 3.9 nM in 100 mg/kg CTLE), and significantly alleviated hyperuricemia by reducing hepatic (by 39.1 and 41.8% in 30 and 100 mg/kg, respectively) and serum XO activity (by 30.7 and 50.1% in 30 and 100 mg/kg, respectively) in hyperuricemic mice. Moreover, several XO inhibitory and/or antihyperuricemic phytochemicals, such as stigmasterol, β-sitosterol, vitamin E, rutin, and kaempferol, were identified from CTLE. Compared with rutin, kaempferol showed markedly higher XO inhibitory activity in vitro. Our present results demonstrate that CTLE may offer a promising alternative to allopurinol for the treatment of hyperuricemia and gout.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Composition, Antioxidant Activity, and Enzyme Inhibitory Activities (α-Glucosidase, Xanthine Oxidase, and Acetylcholinesterase) of Musella lasiocarpa

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 4472
Author(s):  
Rurui Li ◽  
Yuerong Ru ◽  
Zhenxing Wang ◽  
Xiahong He ◽  
Kin-Weng Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Etoac Fraction ◽  
Inhibitory Activities ◽  
Crude Methanol Extract

In this study, we aimed to investigate the chemical components and biological activities of Musella lasiocarpa, a special flower that is edible and has functional properties. The crude methanol extract and its four fractions (petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and aqueous fractions) were tested for their total antioxidant capacity, followed by their α-glucosidase, acetylcholinesterase, and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities. Among the samples, the highest total phenolic and total flavonoid contents were found in the ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fraction (224.99 mg GAE/g DE) and crude methanol extract (187.81 mg QE/g DE), respectively. The EtOAc fraction of Musella lasiocarpa exhibited the strongest DPPH· scavenging ability, ABTS·+ scavenging ability, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with the IC50 values of 22.17, 12.10, and 125.66 μg/mL, respectively. The EtOAc fraction also showed the strongest ferric reducing antioxidant power (1513.89 mg FeSO4/g DE) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity ability (524.11 mg Trolox/g DE), which were higher than those of the control BHT. In contrast, the aqueous fraction demonstrated the highest acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity (IC50 = 10.11 μg/mL), and the best xanthine oxidase inhibitory ability (IC50 = 5.23 μg/mL) was observed from the crude methanol extract as compared with allopurinol (24.85 μg/mL). The HPLC-MS/MS and GC-MS analyses further revealed an impressive arsenal of compounds, including phenolic acids, fatty acids, esters, terpenoids, and flavonoids, in the most biologically active EtOAc fraction. Taken together, this is the first report indicating the potential of Musella lasiocarpa as an excellent natural source of antioxidants with possible therapeutic, nutraceutical, and functional food applications.

scholarly journals Moracin VN, A New Tyrosinase and Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor from the Woods of Artocarpus heterophyllus

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701200
Author(s):  
Tho Huu Le ◽  
Hai Xuan Nguyen ◽  
Truong Van Nhat Do ◽  
Phu Hoang Dang ◽  
Nhan Trung Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Study ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Competitive Inhibition ◽  
Kojic Acid ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Artocarpus Heterophyllus ◽  
Isolated Compound

Bioactivity-guided fractionation of the woods extract of Artocarpus heterophyllus collected in Vietnam revealed that a new 2-arylbenzofuran, moracin VN (1) together with two known compounds were isolated. Compound 1 possessed the inhibitory activity on tyrosinase with IC50 value of 0.82 μM, more potent than the positive control kojic acid (IC50, 44.6 μM). Compound 1 also showed moderate inhibitory activity on xanthine oxidase with IC50 value of 22.8 μM. The kinetic study of tyrosinase was performed on moracin VN (1) showed non-competitive inhibition with Ki value of 2.40 μM.

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