scholarly journals Two Novel Diphenolic Metabolites from the Inedible Mushroom Thelephora palmata

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1601100
Author(s):  
Ayako Nishio ◽  
Haruka Mikami ◽  
Hiroshi Imagawa ◽  
Toshihiro Hashimoto ◽  
Masami Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Heteronuclear Nmr ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Nmr Data ◽  
Bioactive Secondary Metabolites

During the search for bioactive secondary metabolites, thelepalmatins A and B (1 and 2) were isolated from the fresh fruiting bodies of Thelephora palmata, together with four known compounds (3-6). Their structures were elucidated using MS analyses, and extensive 2D-heteronuclear NMR data interpretation. Compounds 3, 4 and 6 showed antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis with MIC values of 21.7-70.4 μM.

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL POTENTIALS OF SOIL FUNGI METABOLITES, MOLECULAR DYNAMICS AND THEIR 3D PROTEIN STRUCTURAL PREDICTION USING BIOINFORMATICS TOOL

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
MAJOLAGBE O. N. ◽  
AINA D. A. ◽  
OMOMOWO I. O. ◽  
THOMAS A.
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Protein Structure ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Soil Fungi ◽  
3D Structure ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
3D Protein Structure ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Objective: To determine the antimicrobial potentials of secondary metabolite of soil fungi and predict their 3D structure and molecular identity. Methods: Pure soil fungi were isolated from soil samples and cultured under submerged fermentation (Smf) for their metabolites using Potato Dextrose Agar and Broth. The secondary metabolites of the isolated fungi were obtained intracellularly after 21 d of incubation in a rotary shaker incubator. The antimicrobial potentials of the metabolites were investigated against four (4) clinical isolates, namely: Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella spp, Candida albicans and Escherichia coli. These soil fungi were further characterized to the molecular level and their evolutionary relationships established using bioinformatics tools. Protein structure of each of the fungi isolates was predicted using PHYRE-2. Results: Out of all the soil fungi isolated, the metabolite of Aspergillus aculeatus showed the highest antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus (23.00±2.34 mm), Escherichia coli (9.00±1.44 mm) and Klebsiella spp (24.00±3.45 mm). The 3D protein structure predicted showed that each of the organisms consists of different amino-acid compositions such as: serine, tyrosine, proline, arginine, glycine, phenylalanine leucine with other notable biological properties. Conclusion: The work revealed that secondary metabolites of the isolated fungi carry an important role in combating infectious agents thereby, providing roadmaps for the biosynthesis of many synthetic and semi-synthetic drugs and bio-products which are environmentally friendly.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activities of Containing Sulfur Heterocyclic Curcumin Derivatives

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Dunjia Wang ◽  
Dan Wang ◽  
Dunjia Wang ◽  
Heng Lyu ◽  
Hengyi Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Curcumin Derivatives ◽  
Tube Dilution Method ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Tube Dilution

Eight novel containing sulfur heterocyclic curcumins were synthesized and characterized by 1H-NMR, FTIR and MS spectroscopy. Their antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Aspergillus niger were also tested for MIC by using serial tube dilution method. The results showed that the antimicrobial activities of synthesized curcumin derivatives were better than curcumin. Especially, the compound 4-(1,3-dithiolan-2-ylidene)-1,7-di(thiophen-2-yl) hepta-1,6-diene-3,5- dione (2g) exhibited excellent the antimicrobial activities among these curcumin derivatives.

scholarly journals Preliminary Screening of Bacteria Isolated from Insects Living in Poultry for Antibiotic Production

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
Ifeoma Geraldine Okudo ◽  
Chinelo Ursula Umedum ◽  
Stephen Nnaemeka Ezekwueche ◽  
Chibuzo Christian Uba
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Antibiotic Production ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Preliminary Screening ◽  
Agar Plug ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Aim: This present study was conducted to isolate antibiotic producing bacteria from insects living in poultry. Place and Duration of Study: Insects living in poultry were collected from poultry farms within Onitsha metropolis in Anambra State between April 2018 and September 2018. Methodology: The gut of one hundred insects; (Musca domestica and Alphitobius diaperinus) were analyzed. The insects were dissected and emulsified in 10ml of peptone water. The dilutions were cultured on Nutrient agar and Blood agar  for 24 h. The bacterial isolates were characterized using  molecular identification. The DNA was extracted from the identified isolates and analyzed by 16S rRNA. In preliminary screening, the isolates were inoculated into Muller Hinton agar using agar plug. The promising isolate showing antagonism was subjected to submerged fermentation method and the secondary metabolites were extracted. Screening of the secondary metabolites extract was done using agar well diffusion. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the secondary metabolite was determined using broth dilution method at different concentrations. The inhibitory activity of the organism was checked against four bacteria namely; Bacillus subtilis, Salmonella serovar typhi, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Results: The sequence analysis revealed the strains to be Lysinibacillus macroides, Paealcaligenes hermetiae, Bordetella flabilis, Bacillus aerophilus, Klebsiella variicola. Lysinibacillus macroides showed antagonism against the test bacteria during the preliminary test. After fermentation, the secondary metabolite extracts from Lysinibacillus macroides exhibited antibacterial activities against Salmonella Serovar Typhi, Staphyloccus aureus and Bacillus subtilis at different concentrations. Conclusion: The extracts from bacterial isolate; Lysinibacillus macroides exhibited antibacterial activities against Bacillus subtilis, Salmonella serovar typhi and Staphylococcus aureus. The extracts may serve as a new drug molecule produced from natural source when purified.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Ethyl Acetate Extract of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Essam A. Makky ◽  
Manaf AlMatar ◽  
Mahmood H. Mahmood ◽  
Ooi Wei Ting ◽  
Wong Zi Qi
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Synthetic Antioxidants ◽  
Cutibacterium Acnes ◽  
Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activities

Research background. Antioxidants are described as important compounds that are present at low concentrations to inhibit oxidation processes. Due to the side effects of synthetic antioxidants, research interest has increased considerably towards finding natural sources of antioxidants that can replace synthetic antioxidants. The emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance require the development of new drugs or some potential sources of novel medicine. This work aims to extract the secondary metabolites of S. cerevisiae using ethyl acetate as a solvent and to determine the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of these extracted metabolites. Experimental approach. The antioxidant activities of the secondary metabolites of S. cerevisiae were determined using DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays. Furthermore, the antimicrobial potential of the ethyl acetate extract of S. cerevisiae in treating Cutibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis was assessed. Results and conclusion. Five out of 13 of the extracted secondary metabolites were identified as antioxidants. The antioxidant activity of the S. cerevisiae extract exhibited relatively high IC50 of 455.2689 μg/mL and 294.51 μg/mL for DPPH and ABTS respectively while the FRAP value was obtained as 44.4004 μg AAE/mL. Moreover, the extracts presented a significant antibacterial activity (p<0.05) against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis at the concentrations of 100 mg/mL and 200 mg/mL, respectively. However, no inhibitory effect was observed against Cutibacterium acnes as the extract was only effective against Cutibacterium acnes at the concentrations of 300 mg/mL and 400 mg/mL (inhibition zones ranging from 9.0±0 to 9.333±0.577) respectively (p<0.05). Staphylococcus aureus was highly sensitive to the extract, with a MIC value of 18.75 mg/mL. Novelty and scientific contribution. This report confirmed the efficacy of the secondary metabolites of S. cerevisiae as a natural source of antioxidants and antimicrobials and suggest the possibility of employing them in drugs for the treatment of infectious diseases caused by the tested microorganisms.

scholarly journals Terpenes from Zingiber montanum and Their Screening against Multi-Drug Resistant and Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly Siddique ◽  
Barbara Pendry ◽  
M. Mukhlesur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Mass Spectra ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Nmr Data

Bioassay directed isolation of secondary metabolites from the rhizomes of Zingiber montanum (Fam. ‎Zingiberaceae) led to the isolation of mono-, sesqui-, and di-terpenes. The compounds were characterized as (E)-8(17),12-labdadiene-15,16-dial (1), zerumbol (2), zerumbone (3), buddledone A (4), furanodienone (5), germacrone (6), borneol (7), and camphor (8) by analysing one-dimensional (1D) (1H and 13C) and two-dimensional (2D) (COSY, HSQC, HMBC, and NOESY) NMR data and mass spectra. Among these terpenes, compounds 1 and 2 revealed potential antibacterial activity (minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) values 32–128 µg/mL; 0.145–0.291 mM)) against a series of clinical isolates of multi-drug resistant (MDR) and Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

Synthesis and Structures of Halo-Substituted Aroylhydrazones with Antimicrobial Activity

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Zhang ◽  
Dong-Mei Xian ◽  
Hai-Hua Li ◽  
Ji-Cai Zhang ◽  
Zhong-Lu You
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Diphenyl Tetrazolium Bromide

A series of new halo-substituted aroylhydrazones have been prepared and structurally characterized by elemental analysis, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and IR spectra, and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas fluorescence) and antifungal (Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger) activities by the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) method. Among the tested compounds, N′-(2-chloro-5-nitrobenzylidene)-2-fluorobenzohydrazide showed the most effective antimicrobial activity with minimum inhibitory concentration values of 0.82, 2.5, 1.7, 15.2, and 37.5 μg mL–1 against B. subtilis, S. aureus, E. coli, P. fluorescence, and C. albicans, respectively. The biological assay indicated that the presence of the electron-withdrawing groups in the aroylhydrazones improved their antimicrobial activities.

scholarly journals In-Vitro Studies on Antitumour and Antimicrobial Activities of Methanolic Kernel Extract of Mangifera Indica L. Cultivar Banganapalli

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 357-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Venkata Raju ◽  
Karuganti Sukumar ◽  
G. Babul Reddy ◽  
P. K. Pankaj ◽  
Muralitharan G. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Flavonoid Content ◽  
Flavonoid Content

Mangifera indica L. belongs to the family Anacardiaceae and is considered as “King of all Fruits”. Mango kernels are discarded as waste after the industrial processing and it has several proven medicinal benefits. Attempts were made to study its antitumour and antimicrobial activities. In the current research work, 15 local cultivars of Mangifera indica L. were collected with a motto to screen the best cultivar having high total phenolic content, flavonoid content, antitumour property and antimicrobial activity. Banganapalli cultivar of mango showed high total phenolic content and total flavonoid content i.e. 63.5±1.1 mg GAE/g and 16.7±0.5 mg quercetin/g followed by Royal special cultivar (TPC-58.7±0.6 mg GAE/g TFC-16.2±0.6 mg quercetin/g). Mangifera indica L. cultivar Banganapalli which showed highest total phenolic content and total flavonoid content was screened for its antitumour and antimicrobial properties. Antitumour property was tested by using potato disc assay which recorded 40.12% tumour inhibition percentage. Antimicrobial activity was assessed by agar diffusion method by taking 3 test microorganisms viz. Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis DSM 10, Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 737 and Escherichia coli MTCC 46. The measured area of inhibition is around Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 737 in 8.5±0.3 mm followed by E.coli MTCC 46 (8.2±0.3 mm) and Bacillus subtilis sub subtilis (6.6±0.5 mm). The present study showed that the mango kernels which were generally discarded as waste has antitumour and antibacterial properties and further studies need to be carried out.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activities of 1-((5-Chloro-1-ethyl-2-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)sulfonyl)-N-ethylpyrrolidine-2-carboxamide

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 1296-1302
Author(s):  
Oluwaseyi B. Ovonramwen ◽  
Bodunde J. Owolabi ◽  
Abiodun Falodun
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Microbiological Method ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Methyl Imidazole

A new 1-((5-chloro-1-ethyl-2-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)sulfonyl)-N-ethylpyrrolidine-2-carboxamide was synthesized from methyl-1-[(5-chloro-1-ethyl-2-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)sulfonyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate and ethylamine. The compound methyl-1-[(5-chloro-1-ethyl-2-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)sulfonyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate was synthesized from methyl pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate and 5-chloro-4-chlorosulfonyl-1-ethyl-2-methyl-imidazole. The compounds were characterized based on FTIR, 1H, 13C NMR, and DEPT 135 analysis. Antimicrobial activities of the 1-((5-chloro-1-ethyl-2-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)sulfonyl)-N-ethylpyrrolidine-2-carboxamide against Gram-positive (methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis), Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae), and Candida albicans were carried out using the standard microbiological method. The newly synthesized 1-((5-chloro-1-ethyl-2-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)sulfonyl)-N-ethylpyrrolidine-2-carboxamide had no activities against the tested organisms. Keywords:    1-((5-chloro-1-ethyl-2-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)sulfonyl)-N-ethylpyrrolidine-2-carboxamide; methyl-1-[(5-chloro-1-ethyl-2-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)sulfonyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate; L-proline; ethylamine.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization and Crystal Structures of Fluoro-Substituted Aroylhydrazones with Antimicrobial Activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 541-547
Author(s):  
Fu-Ming Wang ◽  
Li-Jie Li ◽  
Guo-Wei Zang ◽  
Tong-Tong Deng ◽  
Zhong-Lu You
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
1H Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Diphenyl Tetrazolium Bromide

A series of five new fluoro-substituted aroylhydrazones were prepared and structurally characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV-Vis and 1H NMR spectroscopy, as well as single crystal X-ray diffraction. The compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas fluorescence) and antifungal (Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger) activities by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) method. The biological assay indicated that the presence of the electron-withdrawing groups in the aroylhydrazones improved their antimicrobial activities.

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