scholarly journals Conservatives Report Greater Meaning in Life Than Liberals

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 494-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. Newman ◽  
Norbert Schwarz ◽  
Jesse Graham ◽  
Arthur A. Stone
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Purpose In Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
Present Moment ◽  
Meaning And Purpose ◽  
Social Conservatism ◽  
The Relationship

Conservatives report greater life satisfaction than liberals, but this relationship is relatively weak. To date, the evidence is limited to a narrow set of well-being measures that ask participants for a single assessment of their life in general. We address this shortcoming by examining the relationship between political orientation and well-being using measures of life satisfaction, affect, and meaning and purpose in life. Participants completed well-being measures after reflecting on their whole life (Studies 1a, 1b, and 2), at the end of their day (Study 3), and in the present moment (Study 4). Across five studies, conservatives reported greater meaning and purpose in life than liberals at each reporting period. This finding remained significant after adjusting for religiosity and was usually stronger than the relationships involving other well-being measures. Finally, meaning in life was more closely related to social conservatism than economic conservatism.

scholarly journals LIFE AFTER 100: IS GOD THE SECRET TO A SATISFYING AND PURPOSEFUL LIFE?

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S524-S525
Author(s):  
Nadia Firdauysa ◽  
Jyoti Bhatta ◽  
Alex J Bishop ◽  
Tanya Finchum ◽  
James Grice
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Purpose In Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Ordinal Analysis ◽  
C Value ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Data from N = 111 centenarians (M = 100.88; SD = 1.48) residing in Oklahoma was used to examine patterns in the relationship between the God oriented vs. non-God oriented longevity secrets and subjective well-being. Observational Oriented Modeling (OOM) was then used to conduct an ordinal analysis using concatenated ordering to produce degree of fitness between data and underlying patterns in life satisfaction and purpose-in-life across three time points. OOM is a data analysis method used to evaluate fitness of proposed patterns to data called PCC. Results indicated that centenarians maintaining a God-oriented longevity secret fit a decreased pattern in life satisfaction (PCC = 25.00, c-value = .09); whereas centenarians not maintaining a God-oriented longevity secret fit the same pattern (PCC = 49.18, c-value = .06). Meanwhile, centenarians having a God-oriented longevity secret fit a decreased pattern of purpose-in-life (PCC = 71.43, c-value =.12); whereas centenarians having a non-God oriented longevity secret fit the same pattern (PCC = 53.45, c-value = .28). In comparison to centenarians who acknowledged something other than God as the secret to their longevity, those who cite God as the reason for longevity tend to proportionately maintain a more satisfying view of life, yet experience a deteriorating sense of purpose over time. Results indicate that longevity secrets reflect divergent patterns in subjective well-being among persons living beyond 100 years. This has implications relative to how geriatric practitioners design interventions, services, or programs to enhance quality-of-life for long-lived adults.

scholarly journals The Role of Meaning in Life and Religious Experience amongst Young People with Specific Personality Profiles

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanisław Głaz S. J.
Keyword(s):  
Religious Experience ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Purpose In Life ◽  
State Universities ◽  
Personality Profiles ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Meaning And Purpose ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Purpose In Life Test

The aims of the research I embarked on were: (a) to define the level of meaning in life, and intensity of motivation to look for meaning and purpose in life, level of personality traits and the level of religious experience: God's presence and God's absence in the lives in a group of students; and (b) to show the relationship between meaning in life, and motivation to look for meaning and purpose in life, and religious experience: God's presence and God's absence in groups of students with specific profiles of personality. In the research the following methods were applied: in order to define the level of religious experience: God's presence and God's absence - The Scale of Religious Experience(SDR) by S. Głaz, in order to define meaning in life - The Purpose in Life Test (PIL) by J. Crumbaugh and L. Maholick, and intensity of motivation to look for meaning and purpose in life - The Seeking of Noetic Goals Test (SONG) by J. Crumbaugh was applied, and in order to establish the personality profiles among students - The Personality Questionnaire (NEO-FFI) - R. McCrae'a and P. Costa. The research was carried out in Kraków among 134 university students. The subject group consisted of students of several non-Catholic public and state universities. All participants were Polish born, culturally homogeneous, and stemmed from families of average affluence. The age of the respondents ranged from 19 to 24.

scholarly journals Older Canadians’ Identity and Well-Being in Retirement

2021 ◽  
pp. 009141502110015
Author(s):  
Nicky J. Newton
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Identity Processes ◽  
Age Related ◽  
New Information ◽  
Identity Disruption ◽  
Process Assimilation ◽  
The Relationship

Retirement can be a time of identity disruption for many older adults. Identity process theory (Whitbourne et al., 2002) states that age-related changes, such as retirement, can prompt an individual to incorporate new information about themselves into their personal identity using one of three identity process: assimilation, accommodation, and balance. Additionally, individual identity and the manner in which individuals retire—voluntary or involuntary—are associated with post-retirement well-being (Newton et al., 2018). The current study examined the relationship between identity processes, planned/unplanned retirement, and hedonic (life satisfaction) and eudaimonic (meaning in life) well-being in a sample of retired Canadians. Results indicated that identity accommodation and balance were associated with both types of post-retirement well-being, whereas unplanned retirement was consistently only related to life satisfaction. This study emphasizes the importance of including individual difference factors when examining older adults’ well-being and the utility of measuring well-being in multiple ways.

Does meaning in life mediate the relationship between proactive personality and well-being?

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (12) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Shen Huang ◽  
Xiaofei Yan ◽  
Jiaxi Zhang ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Danmin Miao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Proactive Personality ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
The Relationship

Meaning in life (MIL) is an important individual difference characteristic related to well-being, and has been receiving increasing research attention. We investigated the role of MIL in the link between proactive personality and well-being, with a focus on life satisfaction and mental health. Participants were 364 undergraduate students who completed a survey measuring proactive personality, MIL, stress, depression, and anxiety. Results reveal that proactive personality and MIL were positively correlated with life satisfaction and negatively correlated with stress, anxiety, and depression. In addition, MIL fully mediated the relationship between proactive personality and life satisfaction, and fully and independently mediated the association between proactive personality and mental health (stress, anxiety, and depression). Our results confirm the mediating role of MIL in the relationship between proactive personality and well-being. Practical implications of the study include potential methods for interventions that could improve individuals' well-being by targeting and enhancing MIL.

Religion and Subjective Well-Being in Chinese College Students: Does Meaningfulness Matter?

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanfei Hou ◽  
Xiangang Feng ◽  
Xueling Yang ◽  
Zicong Yang ◽  
Xiaoyuan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Chinese College Students ◽  
Extrinsic Religiosity ◽  
The Relationship

Studies from the West have reported a positive relationship between religion and mental health, and yet research on the relationship between religiosity and well-being among Chinese is rare. The present study investigated this relationship in a representative sample of Chinese college students. From a total sample of 11139 college students in 16 universities nationwide, 1418 students with self-reported religious beliefs were selected. We assessed religiosity (organizational, non-organizational, and intrinsic/extrinsic religiosity), subjective well-being (life satisfaction), psychological distress (depression & anxiety), and meaning in life. In addition, qualitative interviews were conducted with 10 psychologically distressed and 10 non-distressed religious students. Results indicated that religiosity was associated with higher life satisfaction, a relationship partially mediated by meaning in life. Unexpectedly, religiosity was also associated with higher depressive and anxiety symptoms. Qualitative interviews revealed that distressed religious believers suffered from greater mental distress before becoming involved in religion, compared to non-distressed religious students.

scholarly journals Does Meaning in Life Predict Psychological Well-Being?: An Analysis Using the Spanish Versions of the Purpose-In-Life Test and the Ryff’s Scales

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joaquín García-Alandete
Keyword(s):  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Purpose In Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
Life Test ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Environmental Mastery ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Purpose In Life Test

This paper analyzes the relationship between meaning in life and psychological well-being in a sample of 180 Spanish undergraduates (138 women, 76.7%; 42 men, 23.3%) aged 18-55, M = 22.91, SD = 6.71. Spanish versions of Crumbaugh and Maholic’s Purpose-In-Life Test and Ryff's Psychological Well-Being Scales were used. Analysis included descriptive statistics, the scales were tested for internal consistency, and correlations were analysed with simple linear regression. The results showed a significant relationship between meaning in life and psychological well-being dimensions, in terms of covariance and prediction, especially with global Psychological Well-Being, Self-Acceptation, Environmental Mastery, and Positive Relations. We conclude that the experience of meaning in life is important for psychological well-being.

Different Future Time Perspectives Interplay in Predicting Life Satisfaction

GeroPsych ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 103-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minjie Lu ◽  
Angel Y. Li ◽  
Helene H. Fung ◽  
Klaus Rothermund ◽  
Frieder R. Lang
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Time Perspective ◽  
Hong Kong Chinese ◽  
Future Time ◽  
Time Perspectives ◽  
Time Extension ◽  
Future Self ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. This study addresses prior mixed findings on the relationship between future time perspective (FTP) and well-being as well as examines the associations between three aspects of FTP and life satisfaction in the health and friendship domains. 159 Germans, 97 US Americans, and 240 Hong Kong Chinese, aged 19–86 years, completed a survey on future self-views (valence) and life satisfaction. They also reported the extent to which they perceived future time as expanded vs. limited (time extension) and meaningful (openness). Findings revealed that individuals with more positive future self-views had higher satisfaction. However, those who perceived their future as more meaningful or perceived more time in their future reported higher satisfaction even when future self-views were less positive.

Acculturative stress and life satisfaction of Chinese rural-to-urban migrants

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Dekuo Liang ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Liying Xia ◽  
Dawei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Acculturative Stress ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Urban Migrants ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Relationship

Little is known regarding the life satisfaction of rural-to-urban migrants in China. In this study we assessed whether self-esteem and perceived social support mediated the association between rural-to-urban migrants' acculturative stress and life satisfaction. We use convenience sampling to recruit 712 migrants who were employed at construction sites in Nanjing for the study. Results reveal that acculturative stress was negatively related to self-esteem, perceived social support, and life satisfaction; self-esteem was positively associated with perceived social support and life satisfaction; and perceived social support was a significant and positive predictor of life satisfaction. In addition, we found that self-esteem and perceived social support partially mediated the relationship between acculturative stress and life satisfaction. Our findings provide a better understanding of life satisfaction over the course of migration, and add to knowledge of psychological well-being and mental health among rural-to-urban migrants in China.

scholarly journals Satisfaction with Life: Mediating Role in the Relationship between Depressive Symptoms and Coping Mechanisms

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 787
Author(s):  
Daniela Almeida ◽  
Diogo Monteiro ◽  
Filipe Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Coping Mechanisms ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study was to analyze the mediating role of life satisfaction in the relationship between fourteen coping strategies and depressive symptoms in the Portuguese population. To undertake this work, 313 Portuguese adults aged 18 to 70 years (M = 30.73; SD = 10.79) were invited to participate in this study. Their participation was completely voluntary, and participants granted and signed informed consent previously to the filling of the validated Portuguese questionnaires. These questionnaires measured depressive symptoms, coping, and life satisfaction. The results revealed that life satisfaction displayed a mediating role in the relationship between adaptive coping mechanisms, specifically between active coping, planning, reinterpretation, and acceptance and depressive symptoms, showing a negative and significant indirect effect. Maladaptive coping mechanisms of self-blame, denial, self-distraction, disengagement, and substance use had a significant positive association with depressive symptoms, considering the mediating role of satisfaction with life. Current investigation provides initial evidence of how each coping mechanism is associated with satisfaction with life and depressive symptoms. This study clearly demonstrates that not all coping strategies are capable of influencing well-being indicators and that health professionals should focus on endorsing those that are significantly associated with lowering depressive symptoms and increasing overall satisfaction with life.

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