scholarly journals Illness perception and high readmission health outcomes

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 205510291984450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda T Sawyer ◽  
Stephanie L Harris ◽  
Harold G Koenig
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
English Language ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Hospital Readmissions ◽  
Illness Perception ◽  
Quantitative Methodology ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Multifaceted Approach ◽  
The Relationship

This review identified associations between illness perception and health outcomes of patients with a medical diagnosis included in the Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program. Inclusion criteria were English language, use of quantitative methodology, health outcomes specified, and identifiable effect size and statistical significance of the relationship. Most of the 31 studies in this review showed that favorable illness perception has been associated with better health outcomes, while unfavorable illness perception has been associated with worse outcomes. A multifaceted approach might include behavioral, clinical, educational, and psychosocial components to improve one’s illness perception through educative, cognitive-behavioral, or psychodynamic counseling.

Linguistic Integration and Immigrant Health: The Longitudinal Effects of Interethnic Social Capital

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mesay A. Tegegne
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Immigrant Health ◽  
English Language ◽  
Language Use ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Linguistic Integration ◽  
The Relationship

The literature on immigrant health has by and large focused on the relationship between acculturation (often measured by a shift in language use) and health outcomes, paying less attention to network processes and the implications of interethnic integration for long-term health. This study frames English-language use among immigrants in the United States as a reflection of bridging social capital that is indicative of social network diversity. Using longitudinal data on self-rated health and the incidence of chronic conditions from the New Immigrant Survey (2003, 2007), I examine the contemporaneous and longitudinal associations between interethnic social capital and health. The results show evidence for a positive long-term effect of linguistic integration on health status, but no cross-sectional associations were observed. Overall, these results highlight the possible role of network processes in linking English-language use with immigrant health and the time-dependent nature of the relationship between linguistic integration and health status.

Randomized Controlled Trials of Headache Treatments in Pregnancy: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa T. Bushman ◽  
Gabriella Cozzi ◽  
Rachel G. Sinkey ◽  
Catherine H. Smith ◽  
Michael W. Varner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
At Risk ◽  
English Language ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Headache Diagnosis ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract Objective Headaches affect 88% of reproductive-aged women. Yet data are limited addressing treatment of headache in pregnancy. While many women experience improvement in pregnancy, primary and secondary headaches can develop. Consequently, pregnancy is a time when headache diagnosis can influence maternal and fetal interventions. This study was aimed to summarize existing randomized control trials (RCTs) addressing headache treatment in pregnancy. Study Design We searched PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, ClinicalTrials.gov, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and SCOPUS from January 1, 1970 through June 31, 2019. Studies were eligible if they were English-language RCTs addressing treatment of headache in pregnancy. Conference abstracts and studies investigating postpartum headache were excluded. Three authors reviewed English-language RCTs addressing treatment of antepartum headache. To be included, all authors agreed each article to meet the following criteria: predefined control group, participants underwent randomization, and treatment of headache occurred in the antepartum period. If inclusion criteria were met no exclusions were made. Our systematic review registration number was CRD42019135874. Results A total of 193 studies were reviewed. Of the three that met inclusion criteria all were small, with follow-up designed to measure pain reduction and showed statistical significance. Conclusion Our systematic review of RCTs evaluating treatment of headache in pregnancy revealed only three studies. This paucity of data limits treatment, puts women at risk for worsening headache disorders, and delays diagnosis placing both the mother and fetus at risk for complications.

scholarly journals Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) Approach across Curriculum in Science Classrooms: Are the English Language Use and Learning Reveal?

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Nurhamsi Deswila ◽  
Martin Kustati ◽  
Besral Besral ◽  
Syayid Sandi Sukandi
Keyword(s):  
Junior High School ◽  
Classroom Practice ◽  
English Language ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Science Classroom ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Science Classrooms ◽  
Efl Context ◽  
Efl Students ◽  
The Relationship

The study aims to reveal the implementation CLIL approach in improving students’ English language use and learning in the science classroom.  A descriptive study was employed where data were collected using observation and interview to two classes at of Private Islamic Boarding in West Sumatera. The students for CLIL Strategy are the first grade of junior high school at science classrooms. The result of the research revealed that the use of the CLIL strategy across the curriculum is an effective strategy to develop English language use and learning. The pedagogical implications of the study for the EFL students in science classrooms include the need for teachers to consider underlying theories of teaching English in EFL context taking into account students’ constraints; a focus on the various types of students’ English ability and consider students’ interest in topic selection; teachers to be aware of the significance of the relationship between their attitude and background in classroom practice; teachers to be trained formally on the implementation of the CLIL Strategy.

scholarly journals The relationship between working memory and apraxia of speech

2009 ◽  
Vol 67 (3b) ◽  
pp. 843-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Chapchap Martins ◽  
Karin Zazo Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Working Memory Capacity ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Brain Lesion ◽  
Motor Planning ◽  
Memory Capacity ◽  
Memory Deficit ◽  
Apraxia Of Speech ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
The Relationship

The present study aimed to verify the relationship between working memory (WM) and apraxia of speech and explored which WM components were involved in the motor planning of speech. A total of 22 patients and 22 healthy adults were studied. These patients were selected according to the following inclusion criteria: a single brain lesion in the left hemisphere, presence of apraxia of speech and sufficient oral comprehension. This study involved assessment of apraxia of speech and evaluation of working memory capacity. The performance of apraxic patients was significantly poorer than that of controls, where this reached statistical significance. The study concluded that participants with apraxia of speech presented a working memory deficit and that this was probably related to the articulatory process of the phonoarticulatory loop. Furthermore, all apraxic patients presented a compromise in working memory.

scholarly journals Diet quality – what is it and does it matter?

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2473-2492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annika Wirt ◽  
Clare E Collins
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
English Language ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Quality Tools

AbstractObjectiveMeasures of diet quality have evolved with a number of scoring indices currently in use. They are increasingly being used to examine epidemiological associations between dietary intake and nutrition-related health outcomes. The present review aims to describe current diet quality tools and their applications, and to examine the relationship between diet quality and morbidity and mortality.DesignA search was conducted of MEDLINE, Cochrane, EMBASE, CINAHL and ProQuest electronic databases. Inclusion criteria were: English language; published from 2004 on; conducted in adult populations; longitudinal/cohort/case–control or cross-sectional study; included a theoretically defined measure of diet quality.ResultsA total of twenty-five indices of overall diet quality and/or variety were found, with components ranging from nutrients only to adherence to recommended food group servings, to variety within healthful food groups. The majority of studies reviewed had methodological weaknesses but demonstrated that higher dietary quality was consistently inversely related to all-cause mortality, with a protective effect of moderate magnitude. The associations were stronger for men and for all-cause and CVD mortality.ConclusionsThe limitations of both the indices and the studies that use them need to be considered when interpreting and comparing results. However, diet quality indices do appear to be able to quantify risk of some health outcomes, including biomarkers of disease and risk of CVD, some cancers and mortality. Further research is needed to improve the validity of these tools and to adapt them for use in clinical dietetic practice.

Impact of Pharmacist Counseling at Discharge for Older People

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (12) ◽  
pp. 652-673
Author(s):  
Daijah Davis ◽  
Melissa Rogers ◽  
Joni Baker ◽  
Erika E. Tillery
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
English Language ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Hospital Readmissions ◽  
Discharge Process ◽  
Readmission Rates ◽  
Study Characteristics ◽  
Pharmacist Counseling

Objective To examine the evidence surrounding how the implementation of pharmacist discharge counseling affects the number of readmissions. Data Sources A search was conducted using EBSCOhost and the National Library of Medicine databases for articles published through December 2020 with the keywords “discharge counseling,” “discharge teaching,” “discharge education,” “patient education,” “patient teaching,” “medication reconciliation,” “pharmacist,” and “readmission rates.” The authors independently screened citations and applied inclusion and exclusion criteria. Study Selection A total of 32 articles were reviewed and analyzed. Inclusion criteria included articles published in the English language with human subjects, and adults (18 years of age and older) involving pharmacist-led discharge counseling and assessment of readmission rates were included. Data Extraction Study characteristics, intervention type, and outcomes with statistical significance where reported were included in the literature analysis. Data Synthesis Studies examined reported varying health care improvements postdischarge with the implementation of pharmacist services in the discharge process. Not all results were significant for reduction in readmission rates, but a downward trend was observed. Conclusion Implementation of pharmacist discharge counseling may decrease the number of hospital readmissions, particularly in older people.

Kalbiniai lietuviškos interneto reklamos požymiai ir konkurencija su anglų kalba

2020 ◽  
pp. 267-279
Author(s):  
Vilija Celiešienė
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Online Advertising ◽  
Internet Advertising ◽  
Original Form ◽  
Second Person ◽  
Internet News ◽  
Online Forms ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Imperative Mood

With the rise in mass production, advertising is undergoing sophisticated changes and is transferred from its original form to online space. Many of the world’s major newspapers and magazines have shifted much of their advertising from print to online forms in order to increase readership. The article analyses the linguistic expression of internet advertising as this type of advertising is the least researched by both foreign and Lithuanian linguists. Internet advertising is analysed in several aspects, i.e. the means of expressing the appeal function of advertising texts are discussed, ways of actualisation of advertising language are investigated. As the English language has become dominant in various spheres of language use, including advertising, the relationship between English and Lithuanian in online advertising is studied, the scope and nature of the English language use, the structure of multilingual advertisements and functions of English elements are determined. The sample material is advertising taken from the most popular Lithuanian news portals, e.g. Delfi, Lrytas.lt, 15min.lt. Reviewing the expression of the appeal function of advertising texts in the online media, it can be assumed that the imperative mood is the most commonly used tool with a tone of encouragement and inducement. The addressee tends to be approached in the form of a singular second person to establish a close, friendly relationship. Although the variety of syntactic style tools makes it possible to ‘play’ with an advertising text while making it distinctive and memorable, the Internet news portals under investigation do not have an abundance of syntactic style tools. For the actualization of advertising text, ad creators are more likely to choose lexical tools. The research results suggest that the process of losing the domain of internet advertising in Lithuania is not taking place, i.e., purely Lithuanian advertising prevails. The language of advertising is influenced by the country of origin of the product. The share of non-Lithuanian advertising of companies/goods/services of foreign origin is much higher than that of Lithuanian advertisers.

scholarly journals Discourse Markers in Hausa Proverbs: Exploring Intellectual Wise Saying from African Wisdom and Culture

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-51
Author(s):  
Haruna Alkasim Kiyawa
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Discourse Markers ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Making Meaning ◽  
Figurative Speech ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Knowledge Communication ◽  
Different Levels

This paper aims to explore some intellectual wise saying from African wisdom and culture from one of the three major languages in the northern part of Nigeria. The use of discourse markers is one of the linguistics devices embedded in Hausa proverbs. However, Africa as the continent was occupied by different languages and dialectics. Proverbs is an expression of a saying which combines various wisdom and culture of every human beings living on the earth. This paper utilises written document as a method and selected (36) different proverbs and analyses the discourse markers. Moreover, the paper reviewed various studies that looked at proverbs' role as one of a figurative speech and the definitions of discourse markers defined by literary scholars and cultural critics who studied proverbs from different perspectives. The finding of this paper identified (19) out of (36) proverbs also indicated DMs served as interpersonal functions and the relationship between the speakers’ actions and thoughts, while the remaining (17) functions as textual features for making meaning. Finally, the study found that discourse markers enhance some lexical expressions under different levels, including sentence connectivity, language use, and the appearance of discourse markers in the proverbs. The study's significance shows that cultural scholars and English language educators can incorporate/integrate proverbs and highlighted the role of discourse markers to the student, enhancing their linguistics knowledge, communication skills and learning activities.

scholarly journals Is Heart Rate a Confounding Factor for Photoplethysmography Markers? A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2591
Author(s):  
Md Rizman Md Lazin Md Lazim ◽  
Amilia Aminuddin ◽  
Kalaivani Chellappan ◽  
Azizah Ugusman ◽  
Adila A Hamid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
English Language ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Confounding Factor ◽  
Stiffness Index ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Reflection Index ◽  
Aging Index ◽  
The Relationship

Finger photoplethysmography (PPG) waveform is blood volume change of finger microcirculation that reflects vascular function. Reflection index (RI), stiffness index (SI) and second derivative of photoplethysmogram (SDPPG) are derived from PPG waveforms proposed as cardiovascular disease (CVD) markers. Heart rate (HR) is a known factor that affects vascular function. Individual resting HR variation may affect RI, SI and SDPPG. This review aims to identify studies about the relationship between HR with RI, SI and SDPPG among humans. A literature search was conducted in Medline via the Ebscohost and Scopus databases to find relevant articles published within 11 years. The main inclusion criteria were articles in the English language that discuss the relationship between HR with RI, SI and SDPPG using PPG among humans. The search found 1960 relevant articles but only six articles that met the inclusion criteria. SI and RI showed an association with HR. SDPPG (SDPPG-b/SDPPG-a ratio, SDPPG-d/SDPPG-a ratio, aging index (AGI) and revised aging index (RAGI)) also had an association with HR. Only RI had a considerable association with HR, the association between SI and HR was non-considerable and the association between HR and SDPPG was inconclusive. Further interventional studies should be conducted to investigate this issue, as a variation in resting HR may challenge the validity of PPG-based CVD markers.

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