scholarly journals Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the defensive profile in breast cancer women: A pilot study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 205510291985466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariagrazia Di Giuseppe ◽  
Annarita Di Silvestre ◽  
Rosa Lo Sterzo ◽  
Paul Hitchcott ◽  
Angelo Gemignani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Internal Conflicts ◽  
Defensive Functioning ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Q Sort

This study analyzed the defensive functioning and profile of nine breast cancer women and identifies the differences from other cancer patients (N0) in the way they deal with internal conflicts and stressful situations related to the illness. Patients were interviewed and evaluated using the Defense Mechanisms Rating Scale Q-sort. Mean differences analysis showed that breast cancer patients use more reaction formation, omnipotence, and rationalization and less idealization of others-image and autistic fantasy, compared with other-site cancer patients. From the qualitative analysis of the defensive profile, displacement and repression appeared among the most representative defense mechanisms of breast cancer patients.

scholarly journals Defense Mechanisms and Repressive Coping Among Male Breast Cancer Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rainer Weber ◽  
Johannes C. Ehrenthal ◽  
Evamarie Brock-Midding ◽  
Sarah Halbach ◽  
Rachel Würstlein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Male Breast Cancer ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Male Breast ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Repressive Coping ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Defensive Functioning ◽  
Fear Of Progression

Objectives: The concept of defense mechanisms has undergone extensive revision and expansion since Freud first described these processes. Initially formulated as an unconscious repression of unpleasant memories, with further development focusing on the role of defense mechanisms in the regulation of internal conflicts, the concept shifted and evolved to incorporate the adaptation to external demands, including intrapsychic and interpersonal handling of burden of illness. In addition to defense mechanisms, coping provides another perspective on human adjustment to difficult life events. While there is substantial research on both coping and defense mechanisms in various psychiatric and somatic diseases, including cancer, little is known about defensive regulation, coping, and their interaction in male breast cancer patients.Methods: The present study is part of the N-Male project conducted between 2016 and 2018 in Germany (Male breast cancer: patients' needs in prevention, diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation, and follow-up care). Semi-standardized interviews with 27 male breast cancer patients were analyzed with regard to defense mechanisms. In addition, fear of progression and repressive coping was assessed by self-report.Results: There was considerable variety in levels of defensive functioning as well as repressive coping in our sample. We found no difference in overall levels of defensive functioning between men with vs. without repressive coping. However, patients with repressive coping demonstrated a decopupled association between fear of progression and defensive functioning as compared to patients without repressive coping.Discussion: The study provides the first evidence of disease processing in male breast cancer patients Knowledge of patients' defense patterns and repressive coping seems promising for better planning targeted intervention strategies.

scholarly journals P4: CIRCULATING MIRNA PROFILES POINT TO DYSREGULATION IN TGFBETA/SMAD3 TUMOR SUPPRESSOR SIGNATURE IN BRCA POSITIVE BREAST CANCER PATIENTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 818.2-818
Author(s):  
I Shapira ◽  
T Bhuiya ◽  
S Arora ◽  
N Mukhi ◽  
S Datla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Tumor Suppressor ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Survival Data ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Germ Line ◽  
Germline Mutations ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Mean Differences

Purpose of StudyOver 240,000 individuals are diagnosed with breast cancer (BrCa) of which 12,000 individuals carry BRCA germline mutations. MicroRNA dysregulation is common in malignancy and may correlate with germline mutations.Aims:1. Analyze microRNAs in patients with breast cancer with or without BRCA germ line mutations, with and without cancer.2. Identify molecular BRCA mutant patients to deduct reasons for accelerated malignancy.Methods UsedWe analyzed plasma miR expression from 94 br cancer patients (41 BRCA positive) relative to 24 normal controls. All samples were collected between 2010 and 2014 and survival data was known for all cancer patients. TaqMan Open Array panel was used to simultaneously run hundreds of microRNA assays in the Applied Biosystem Open array real time PCR. Using AB open array real time PCR, 756 miRNA species were detected. Two-sample t-test was used for all 2-sample comparison and ANOVA followed by Tukey HSD post-hoc test to compare the miRs mean differences. All tests were 2-tailed and results with a p<0.05 were considered statistically significant.Summary of ResultsBRCA+underexpressed hsa-mir-10a and hsa-mir-376c and over-expressed Hsa- mir- 326 and Hsa-mir-143 relative to BRCA-; p<0.05.Using Coremine data mining linking genes and diseases differentially expressed circulating miRs are linked to tumor suppressor TGFbeta/SMAD3.ConclusionsThe early onset of breast cancer in BRCA mutant patients may recapitulate the pro-oncogenic effects of TGF-β. The context dependent SMAD3 binding & tumor suppression TGF-β effects are abrogated in BRCA mutant patients. TGF-β/Smad3 tumor-suppressor signature suppresses local inflammation in the tumor microenvironment.

scholarly journals Memories of paternal relations are associated with coping and defense mechanisms in breast cancer patients: an observational study

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Renzi ◽  
Giada Perinel ◽  
Paola Arnaboldi ◽  
Sara Gandini ◽  
Valeria Vadilonga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients

Sudden onset fatigue (SOF) in patients with breast cancer: Characteristics and symptomatology

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e20637-e20637
Author(s):  
Z. A. Nahleh ◽  
H. Wu ◽  
E. Galvin ◽  
D. Leedy
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Rapid Onset ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cancer Related Fatigue

e20637 Background: Cancer-related fatigue is underrecognized and poorly managed. Unpredictability and rapid onset in fatigue is stressed by cancer patients but seldom addressed by health care professionals. Although sudden onset of cancer-related fatigue is anecdotally documented across qualitative studies, the symptom has never been systematically investigated. Our purpose is to describe the symptom and clinical characteristics of SOF in breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study enrolling female breast cancer outpatients undergoing chemotherapy in an urban cancer center. A brief questionnaire assessing the symptom characteristics of SOF was completed by subjects. Comprehensive metabolic panel and complete blood counts, were obtained. Descriptive statistics described the symptom characteristics of SOF. Mann-Whitney tests examined the differences between those who did and did not experience SOF. Results: Thirty patients have been enrolled. Median age 53 years (31 to 65; SD=7.7), 60% were Black. 80% (n=24) experienced SOF in the past 7 days with a median of 4 days a week and 2.5 episodes per day. SOF was most likely (75%) to occur in the afternoon while patients were engaging in activities. Levels of fatigue before, during, and after a specific episode of SOF were 5, 9, and 5, respectively, on 0–10 (highest) rating scale. Weakness, sweating, or pain sometimes accompanied SOF. When SOF occurred, individuals immediately needed to stop activities to rest until it went away. Those who experienced SOF had significantly lower levels of calcium (Median=8.9 vs. 9.4), albumin (Median=3.7 vs. 7.1), and hematocrit (Median=32.1 vs. 36) (p<0.05). Those who experienced SOF also had higher levels of GPT (Median=25.5 vs. 17), lower levels of total protein (Median=6.7 vs. 7.1), WBC (Median=4.9 vs. 8.9), RBC (Median=3.4 vs. 3.9), and hemoglobin (Median=10.7 vs. 11.4). Conclusions: Our ongoing study is one of the first to identify the characteristics of patients at high risk of SOF. SOF needs to be recognized and managed when patients undergo chemotherapy. Associated conditions should be identified and addressed. The ultimate goal is to minimize the distress and improve the quality of life of patients receiving chemotherapy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals Laughter and Stress Relief in Cancer Patients: A Pilot Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. Kim ◽  
Y. H. Kim ◽  
H. J. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Numerical Rating ◽  
Anxiety Depression

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a therapeutic laughter program and the number of program sessions on anxiety, depression, and stress in breast cancer patients. A randomized controlled trial was conducted involving 31 patients who received four sessions of therapeutic laughter program comprised and 29 who were assigned to the no-program control group. Scores for anxiety, depression, and stress were measured using an 11-point numerical rating scale. While no change was detected in the control group, the program group reported reductions of 1.94, 1.84, and 2.06 points for anxiety, depression, and stress, respectively (p<0.01,p<0.01, andp<0.01). Scores decreased significantly after the first therapeutic laughter session (p<0.05,p<0.01, andp<0.01). As the therapeutic laughter program was effective after only a single session in reducing anxiety, depression, and stress in breast cancer patients, it could be recommended as a first-line complementary/alternative therapy.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Terapi Relaksasi Otot Progresif Terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan Pasien Kanker Payudara di RSUP Haji Adam Malik, Medan

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Rizky Rahma Nova ◽  
Roxsana Devi Tumanggor
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Anxiety Level ◽  
Progressive Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Relaxation Therapy ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients

Patient with breast cancer is experienced a psychological pressure with cancer diagnosis. This condition leads to anxiety and hopeless feeling toward life. One of the therapies which found effective to minimize anxiety is progressive muscle relaxation. The objective of the reasearch was to find the influence of progressive muscle relaxation therapy as the nursing intervention in reducing the anxiety level of the patient with breast cancer. The research applied quasi experiment method with pre-test and post-test control group design. The samples involved are 26 patients with breast cancer, which consist of 13 patients with intervention and 13 patient without intervention. The research instrument used to assess the anxiety level was HRS-A (Hamilton Rating Scale-Anxiety) questionnaire. The research conducted at RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan from May to June,2016. Progressive muscle relaxation theraphy was carried out in 3 days with the frequency of 6 times exercise. The result of the research showed that t-value was -4.275 and p-value=0.000 or p-value < 0.05 (0,000) which indicated that there was the influence of progressive muscle relaxation therapy on the decrease in the level of anxiety of breast cancer patients. Therefore, nurse can use progressive muscle relaxation as non-pharmacological in coping with breast cancer patients. Patient with breast cancer mostly experienced  psychological pressure . This condition leads to anxiety and hopeless feeling toward life. One of the therapies which regarded effective to minimize anxiety is progressive muscle relaxation. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of progressive muscle relaxation therapy as  intervention in reducing the anxiety level of the patient with breast cancer. This study employed quasi experiment method with a pre-test and post-test control group design. The sample was composed of 26 breast cancer patients; 13 patients with intervention and 13 patients without intervention. The research instrument used to assess the anxiety level was HRS-A (Hamilton Rating Scale-Anxiety) questionnaire. The study was conducted in Haji Adam Malik Hospital Medan from May to June, 2016. Progressive muscle relaxation theraphy was carried out for 3 days, with a frequency of 6  exercises  The results showed that t-value was -4.275 and p-value=0.000  indicating that there was an effect of progressive muscle relaxation therapy in reducing the level of anxiety of breast cancer patients. Therefore, nurse can use progressive muscle relaxation as non-pharmacological in coping with breast cancer patients.

scholarly journals Assessing children’s defense mechanisms with the Defense Mechanisms Rating Scales Q-sort for Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariagrazia Di Giuseppe ◽  
Tracy A. Prout ◽  
Lauren Ammar ◽  
Thomas Kui ◽  
Ciro Conversano
Keyword(s):  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Child Psychotherapy ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Ample Evidence ◽  
Defensive Functioning ◽  
Mental Health Literature ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Q Sort

Defense mechanisms are unconscious and automatic psychological processes that serve to protect the individual from painful emotions and thoughts. There is ample evidence from the adult psychotherapy and mental health literature suggesting the salience of defenses in the maintenance and amelioration of psychological distress. Although several tools for the assessment of children’s defenses exist, most rely on projective and self-report tools, and none are based on the empirically derived hierarchy of defenses. This paper outlines the development of the defense mechanisms rating scale Q-sort for children (DMRS-Q-C), a 60-item, observer-rated tool for coding the use of defenses in child psychotherapy sessions. Modifications to the Defense Mechanisms Rating Scale Q-Sort for adults to create a developmentally relevant measure and the process by which expert child psychotherapists collaborated to develop the DMRS-Q-C are discussed. A clinical vignette describing the child’s defensive functioning as assessed by the innovative DMRS-Q-C method is also reported. Finally, we provide an overview of forthcoming research evaluating the validity of the DMRS-Q-C.

scholarly journals Anxiety Related Problems and Treatment Compliance among Female Breast Cancer Patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidhi Verma
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Treatment Compliance ◽  
Female Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Female Breast ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Post Menopausal

The present paper aims to examine the co-morbid anxiety related problems and treatment compliance in breast cancer patients. To realize the main objective, a sample of 70 female breast cancer patients, ranging in age from 28 to 70 years were taken and was tested with Personality Assessment Inventory (Morey, 1991) which screens for 20 psychopathological variables but in our present paper we have taken only Neurotic spectrum scales and Treatment Consideration Scales of PAI. Sample was divided in two groups i.e. Pre-menopausal (N=25) and Post-menopausal (N= 25). Twenty patients were left because of their menopausal transition period. Two groups were compared in terms of significance of mean differences by using t-test and Clinical Interview to tap the aspects which are not covered by PAI. Results revealed the pre-menopausal to be high on neurotic spectrum of PAI and treatment compliance as compared to post menopausal group.

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